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Engendering Minorities in Nepal: The Authority of Legal Discourse and the Production of Truth 尼泊尔少数民族的产生:法律话语的权威与真理的生产
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0017
Barbara Berardi Tadié
{"title":"Engendering Minorities in Nepal: The Authority of Legal Discourse and the Production of Truth","authors":"Barbara Berardi Tadié","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Since the promulgation of the 1990 constitution, conflicts over the rights it enshrines have proliferated in Nepal. Throughout the same period, negotiations between social groups and political institutions have been increasingly phrased in the language of rights, echoing the growing importance of the \"rights-based\" approach in the international development circuit.1 Although this is a general trend world-wide, what is peculiar to Nepal is that, besides articulating the dialectics of some of the major social conflicts unfolding in the country, the discourse on rights was also at the core of the drafting of the new constitution and one of the main tools of the \"New Nepal\" building process. In this article, I will underline three features of this discourse and its mobilization in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"30 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Authority, Status, and Caste Markers in Everyday Village Conversations: The Example of Eastern Nepal 日常乡村对话中的权威、地位和种姓标记:以尼泊尔东部为例
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0018
P. Ghimire
{"title":"Authority, Status, and Caste Markers in Everyday Village Conversations: The Example of Eastern Nepal","authors":"P. Ghimire","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0018","url":null,"abstract":"This study sets out to detect the various markers that express forms of caste and community belonging, and, more generally, hierarchies in the language used in ordinary social interactions in villages in the hills of eastern Nepal, and how the somewhat rigid codes of civility that govern village society and language have recently evolved. The study is carried out from a socio-anthropological perspective rather than a linguistic or a literary one.1","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"43 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Meaning, Intention, and Responsibility in Rai Divinatory Discourse Rai占卜话语的意义、意图和责任
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0013
Martin Gaenszle
{"title":"Meaning, Intention, and Responsibility in Rai Divinatory Discourse","authors":"Martin Gaenszle","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0013","url":null,"abstract":"In linguistic theories of what constitutes meaning in communication, or the purpose of a \"speech act,\" the notion of intention has been a crucial ingredient. If there were no intentions, so the general argument in the field of linguistic pragmatics goes, one could not distinguish meaningless words, like babbling, from meaningful speech. This position has been expressed in formal terms by the language philosopher H. Paul Grice: \"'A meant something by x' is (roughly) equivalent to 'A intended the utterance of x to produce some effect in an audience by means of a recognition of this intention'\" (Grice 1973:46, also Du Bois 1993, emphasis mine).","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"30 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The Authority of Law and the Production of Truth in India 印度的法律权威与真理的产生
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0016
D. Berti
{"title":"The Authority of Law and the Production of Truth in India","authors":"D. Berti","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0016","url":null,"abstract":"The paper addresses how evidentiary truth is constructed during a court hearing in a District Court of Himachal Pradesh, in Northern India. The paper focuses on how multiple narratives of the facts are produced through the judicial process, and how they are validated or invalidated from a legal point of view. By relying on a case study, the author shows how the power of language in a trial situation does not always rely on rhetorical skills, but, rather, on specific procedural rules that determine the evidentiary value of the witness’ statements. In the present case, the witness’s replies, expressed in simple terms, are sufficient to invalidate the prosecutor’s case. The paper shows that this is not due to the witness’s linguistic ability, but to the primacy accorded to procedure&58; it is precisely this primacy that renders the witness’ spoken words effective, regardless of their veracity.","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"30 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Untouchable Bard as Author of his Royal Patron: A Social Approach to Oral Epic Poetry in Western Nepal 作为皇家赞助人的贱民吟游诗人:西尼泊尔口述史诗的社会研究
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0011
M. Lecomte-Tilouine
{"title":"The Untouchable Bard as Author of his Royal Patron: A Social Approach to Oral Epic Poetry in Western Nepal","authors":"M. Lecomte-Tilouine","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0011","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between a bard and his patron in western Nepal links individuals situated at opposite extremes of the social hierarchy within the caste organization. At first sight their relationship is totally foreign to those in modern Western societies as described by Pierre Bourdieu. For Bourdieu, authoritative speech emanates from persons in a higher social position, which is bestowed to them by the tacit mandate of a group for which they serve as the mouthpiece.1 To summarize, verbal communication directly reflects and reproduces the sociopolitical order. In the Himalayan bard/patron relationship, on the other hand, we are confronted with a paradoxical situation wherein the superior delegates the authority to speak in public to an inferior. This reverse transmission of the authority to speak, as puzzling as it may appear, was not uncommon in Medieval Europe, for instance, between the king and his jester. Openly contrary to the established order, the relationships involved in these cases are necessarily ritualized and highly regulated. They therefore call for a contextual approach in order to examine them and the rules that condition them, and make them acceptable. Yet studies dealing with comparable, yet defunct practices often lack the information necessary to undertake a detailed contextual approach and easily reconcile their paradoxical or contradictory elements, such as the two opposite depictions of the ancient Greek bard, as a prestigious poet on the one hand, and as a poor wanderer on the other.","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"30 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Words of Truth: Authority and Agency in Ritual and Legal Speeches in the Himalayas 真理的话语:喜马拉雅地区仪式和法律演讲中的权威和代理
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0009
M. Lecomte-Tilouine, A. de Sales
{"title":"Words of Truth: Authority and Agency in Ritual and Legal Speeches in the Himalayas","authors":"M. Lecomte-Tilouine, A. de Sales","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0009","url":null,"abstract":"This issue of Oral Tradition presents a collection of anthropological studies on the sources of authority for ritual and legal speech in the Himalayan region. Its goal is twofold: first, to shed new light on a region whose diversity of oral traditions has so far resisted comparative studies; and second, to reconsider two major theories of language communication that confront linguistics and sociology.","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"30 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Authoritative Modes of Speech in a Central Himalayan Ritual 喜马拉雅中部仪式中的权威话语模式
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0010
J. Leavitt
{"title":"Authoritative Modes of Speech in a Central Himalayan Ritual","authors":"J. Leavitt","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Among the most striking aspects of the culture of the Central Himalayan region (this includes the Indian state of Uttarakhand and the westernmost part of Nepal) are the development of bardic narration and the social role played by rituals of divine possession. These practices interact variously in different sub-regions (for examples, see Lecomte-Tilouine 2009; Hitchcock and Jones 1976).2 My concern here is with one of these configurations: that of a set of rituals known as jagar (in colloquial Kumaoni jag), since they take place at night, which are performed in the central part of Kumaon, the former kingdom that makes up the eastern section of Uttarakhand. The purpose of the Kumaoni jagar is to manifest one or several local divinities. This is done either for the good of a family, in which case the ritual is held in the family's home, or for the good of the village or this \"whole created world\" (yo srsti sansar), in which case it takes place in a temple or courtyard, both called dhuni, dedicated to the legendary sage Guru Gorakhnath.","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"25 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The House of Letters: Musical Apprenticeship among the Newar Farmers (Kathmandu Valley, Nepal) 《书屋:尼瓦尔农民的音乐学徒》(尼泊尔加德满都谷地)
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0014
Franck Bernède
{"title":"The House of Letters: Musical Apprenticeship among the Newar Farmers (Kathmandu Valley, Nepal)","authors":"Franck Bernède","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the principles of musical discourse among the Jyapu farmers of the Kathmandu Valley as revealed through the teaching of the dhimay drum. During this purely ritual apprenticeship, it is through the transmission of a corpus of musical compositions, based on mimetic syllables that are perceived as an expression of the voice of Nasadyah, the local god of music and dance, that the discourse of authority of the masters is expressed. The instrumental pieces played during religious processions originate from these syllables, which imitate the sounds of the drum. In addition, dhimay drum apprenticeship is inextricably linked to that of acrobatics, which includes the virtuoso handling of a tall bamboo pole. I propose to discuss here the nature of this musical language in its traditional context, as well as its recent transformations in Newar society.1","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"30 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Traditional Poetry in Contemporary Senegal: A Case Study of Wolof Kasak Songs 当代塞内加尔的传统诗歌:以沃洛夫卡萨克歌曲为例
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-07-03 DOI: 10.1353/ort.2016.0007
Cheikh Tidiane Lo
{"title":"Traditional Poetry in Contemporary Senegal: A Case Study of Wolof Kasak Songs","authors":"Cheikh Tidiane Lo","doi":"10.1353/ort.2016.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ort.2016.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"30 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Model of Defiance: Reimagining the Comparative Analysis of Concealed Discourse in Text 反抗的典范:对文本中隐性话语的再想象比较分析
Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-07-03 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0003
J. G. Shoichet
{"title":"A Model of Defiance: Reimagining the Comparative Analysis of Concealed Discourse in Text","authors":"J. G. Shoichet","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"30 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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