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The Silent Debate Over the Igor Tale 关于伊戈尔故事的无声辩论

Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-07-03 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0000

R. Mann

{"title":"The Silent Debate Over the Igor Tale","authors":"R. Mann","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2016.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2016.0000","url":null,"abstract":"The Igor Tale, or Slovo o polku Igoreve, is the only epic tale of its kind to reach us from the Kievan period. It celebrates a military campaign undertaken in 1185 by a minor Russian prince, Igor Sviatoslavich, against the Polovtsy, or Kumans, the perennial steppe foe of Rus' at that time. Igor was defeated and captured, but he later managed to escape and return home. The tale survived in a single manuscript that evidently dated from the sixteenth century. It was published in 1800, about a decade after it was discovered, but the manuscript itself was destroyed during the Napoleonic occupation of Moscow in 1812.1 A number of details in the tale suggest that it was written down in the thirteenth century (Mann 2005:98-112). For two centuries the Igor Tale has been treated as a poem that was composed by a literate writer.2 Only a few dissenters have argued that the Igor Tale was originally an oral epic song, and the question has not attracted much attention among specialists in early Russian culture. It is, however, worthwhile to reexamine some of the arguments formulated by the leading twentieth-century scholar in the study of Old Russian literature, Dmitrii S. Likhachev. His ideas went far to shape the views of scholars throughout the world, yet certain aspects of his argumentation have been ignored by his followers. When one takes a closer look at Likhachev’s line of reasoning, it becomes clear that the hypothesis of a literate poet who penned the Igor Tale, accepted as axiomatic by many students and scholars, stands on extremely shaky ground. The evidence for an oral epic tradition of court songs in the Kievan era includes the Igor Tale itself (regardless of whether it is the text of an epic song or a writer’s stylization of an oral epic) and its allusions to the court singers Boyan and Khodyna. The Hypatian Chronicle mentions “the famous singer Mitusa” who refused to serve Prince Daniil Romanovich of Galich in the first half of the thirteenth century.3 The Pskov Apostol of 1307 contains what appears to be Oral Tradition, 30/1 (2016):53-94","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"30 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

James Weldon Johnson and the Speech Lab Recordings 詹姆斯·威尔登·约翰逊和语音实验室录音

Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-07-03 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0001

Chris Mustazza

引用次数: 1

The Ch’orti’ Maya Myths of Creation Ch ' orti '玛雅创世神话

Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0006

Kerry M. Hull

引用次数: 1

A New Algorithm for Extracting Formulas from Poetic Texts and the Formulaic Density of Russian Bylinas 从诗歌文本中提取公式的新算法及俄罗斯比伦纳斯的公式密度

Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2016.0002

Dmitry Nikolaev

引用次数: 1

Kabīr: Oral to Manuscript Transitions 口语到手稿的转换

Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-01-16 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2015.0007

P. Friedlander

{"title":"Kabīr: Oral to Manuscript Transitions","authors":"P. Friedlander","doi":"10.1353/ORT.2015.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ORT.2015.0007","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous interplay between the oral and written traditions have been identified as a vital aspect of the transmission of the literatures of South Asia (Blackburn and Ramanujan 1986). Contemporary scholarship has drawn attention to the complex interplay between the oral and textual traditions of Kabīr songs. Henry (1995), Lorenzen (1996), and Singh (2002) demonstrated that contemporary oral traditions of Kabīr songs were completely different from those found in manuscript traditions. Linda Hess (2009:51-53) has also studied oral traditions of Kabīr songs in Madhya Pradesh and found a complex interplay between different contemporary oral traditions of Kabīr songs and printed texts of the songs. Indian oral and manuscript traditions show great resilience in their transmission of compositions, in terms of preserving the overall forms of texts through successive recopyings over time, but also normally contain characteristic variations that typify their method of transmission. Compositions transmitted within handwritten textual traditions show characteristic scribal copying errors, such as mistaking one letter for another or missing out or repeating lines. However, compositions transmitted in oral traditions show quite distinct forms of singer’s variations, such as inversion of half lines within a verse and the recasting of the dialect of a verse into a new form. The existence of these variations in how oral and manuscript textual traditions transmit their contents raises the possibility of investigating the relationship between oral and textual transmission of texts within traditions of Kabīr’s songs. In this essay, rather than focusing directly on what contemporary oral traditions can tell us about Kabīr songs I will explore how different manuscript traditions from the last five centuries can inform our understandings of how oral traditions of the songs changed over time.","PeriodicalId":30001,"journal":{"name":"Oral Tradition","volume":"29 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66492741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cordelia’s Salt: Interspatial Reading of Indic Filial-Love Stories 科迪利亚的盐:印度孝恋故事的空间阅读

Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-01-16 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2015.0002

L. Prasad

引用次数: 1

Transmissions and Transitions in Indian Oral Traditions: An Introduction 印度口述传统的传播和转变:导论

Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2016-01-16 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2015.0005

Kirin Narayan

引用次数: 0

Waiting for Moonrise: Fasting, Storytelling, and Marriage in Provincial Rajasthan 等待月出:拉贾斯坦邦的斋戒、讲故事和婚姻

Oral Tradition Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/ORT.2015.0000

A. Gold