SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging最新文献

Low temperature processing of dielectric perovskites for energy storage 用于储能的介电钙钛矿的低温加工

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-07-13 DOI: 10.1117/12.2220059

N. B. Singh, B. Schreib, M. Devilbiss, Julian Loiacono, B. Arnold, F. Choa, K. Mandal

{"title":"Low temperature processing of dielectric perovskites for energy storage","authors":"N. B. Singh, B. Schreib, M. Devilbiss, Julian Loiacono, B. Arnold, F. Choa, K. Mandal","doi":"10.1117/12.2220059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2220059","url":null,"abstract":"Since the report of high dielectric value was published for the calcium copper titanate of the stoichiometry CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO), several of its analogs such as Yittrium copper titanate Y2/3Cu3Ti4O12 (YCTO), Pr2/3Cu3Ti4O12 (PCTO) and several other compounds have been studied extensively. Most of these materials have demonstrated very high dielectric constants. However, the roadblock is their low resistivity. To overcome this problem, several approaches have been considered, including doping and substitution. In order to solve this problem, we have synthesized the stoichiometric composition and used low temperature processing to grow grains of La2/3Cu3Ti4O12 (LCTO) stoichiometric compound. LCTO with excess copper oxide was also prepared to determine its effect on the morphology and dielectric constant of the stoichiometric LCTO compound. In spite of the low melting point of copper oxide, we observed that excess copper oxide did not show any faster grain growth. Also, the dielectric constant of LCTO was lower than CCTO and unlike CCTO, LCTO showed significant changes as the function of frequency. The measured resistivity was slightly higher than CCTO.","PeriodicalId":299313,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116852413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Design of an automated cart and mount for a hyperspectral imaging system to be used in produce fields 用于生产现场的高光谱成像系统的自动小车和支架的设计

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-07-12 DOI: 10.1117/12.2229493

A. Lefcourt, R. Kistler, S. Gadsden

引用次数: 0

Applicability of ion mobility spectrometry for detection of quarantine pests in wood 离子迁移谱法检测木材中检疫性害虫的适用性

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-07-12 DOI: 10.1117/12.2223877

K. Ewing, J. Sanghera, S. Myers, A. Ervin, C. Carey, G. Gleason, L. Mosser, L. Levy, M. Hennessey, R. Bulluck

{"title":"Applicability of ion mobility spectrometry for detection of quarantine pests in wood","authors":"K. Ewing, J. Sanghera, S. Myers, A. Ervin, C. Carey, G. Gleason, L. Mosser, L. Levy, M. Hennessey, R. Bulluck","doi":"10.1117/12.2223877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2223877","url":null,"abstract":"Visual inspection is the most commonly used method for detecting quarantine pests in agricultural cargo items at ports. For example, solid wood packing material (SWPM) at ports may be a pathway for wood pests and is a frequent item of inspection at ports. The inspection process includes examination of the external surface of the item and often destructive sampling to detect internal pest targets. There are few tools available to inspectors to increase the efficiency of inspection and reduce the labor involved. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has promise as an aid for inspection. Because pests emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as hormone like substances, Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) was investigated for possible utility for detecting pests during inspection. SWPM is a major pest pathway in trade, and fumigation of many kinds of wood, including SWPM, with methyl bromide (MeBr) following a published schedule1 is regularly conducted for phytosanitary reasons prior to shipment to the United States. However, the question remains as to how long the methyl bromide remains in the wood samples after fumigation such that it could act as an interferent to the detection of pest related VOC emissions. This work investigates the capability of ion mobility spectrometry to detect the presence of residual methyl bromide in fumigated maple and poplar wood samples at different times post fumigation up to 118 days after fumigation. Data show that MeBr can be detected in the less dense poplar wood up to 118 days after fumigation while MeBr can be detected in the denser maple wood 55 days after fumigation.","PeriodicalId":299313,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131368824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calibrating IR cameras for in-situ temperature measurement during the electron beam melt processing of Inconel 718 and Ti-Al6-V4 在Inconel 718和Ti-Al6-V4的电子束熔炼过程中，对红外相机进行原位测温标定

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-06-08 DOI: 10.1117/12.2229070

R. Dinwiddie, M. Kirka, P. D. Lloyd, R. Dehoff, L. E. Lowe, G. S. Marlow

引用次数: 22

IR camera system with an advanced image processing technologies 红外摄像系统具有先进的图像处理技术

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-06-08 DOI: 10.1117/12.2235979

S. Ohkubo, T. Tamura

{"title":"IR camera system with an advanced image processing technologies","authors":"S. Ohkubo, T. Tamura","doi":"10.1117/12.2235979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2235979","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed image processing technologies for resolving issues caused by the inherent UFPA (uncooled focal plane array) sensor characteristics to spread its applications. For example, large time constant of an uncooled IR (infra-red) sensor limits its application field, because motion blur is caused in monitoring the objective moving at high speed. The developed image processing technologies can eliminate the blur and retrieve almost the equivalent image observed in still motion. This image processing is based on the idea that output of the IR sensor is construed as the convolution of radiated IR energy from the objective and impulse response of the IR sensor. With knowledge of the impulse response and moving speed of the objective, the IR energy from the objective can be de-convolved from the observed images. We have successfully retrieved the image without blur using the IR sensor of 15 ms time constant under the conditions in which the objective is moving at the speed of about 10 pixels/60 Hz. The image processing for reducing FPN (fixed pattern noise) has also been developed. UFPA having the responsivity in the narrow wavelength region, e.g., around 8 μm is appropriate for measuring the surface of glass. However, it suffers from severe FPN due to lower sensitivity compared with 8–13 μm. The developed image processing exploits the images of the shutter itself, and can reduce FPN significantly.","PeriodicalId":299313,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130821632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applying remote sensing expertise to crop improvement: progress and challenges to scale up high throughput field phenotyping from research to industry 将遥感专业知识应用于作物改良:从研究到工业扩大高通量田间表型的进展和挑战

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-06-08 DOI: 10.1117/12.2229389

D. Gouache, Katia Beauchêne, Agathe Mini, A. Fournier, Benoit de Solan, F. Baret, A. Comar

{"title":"Applying remote sensing expertise to crop improvement: progress and challenges to scale up high throughput field phenotyping from research to industry","authors":"D. Gouache, Katia Beauchêne, Agathe Mini, A. Fournier, Benoit de Solan, F. Baret, A. Comar","doi":"10.1117/12.2229389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2229389","url":null,"abstract":"Digital and image analysis technologies in greenhouses have become commonplace in plant science research and started to move into the plant breeding industry. However, the core of plant breeding work takes place in fields. We will present successive technological developments that have allowed the migration and application of remote sensing approaches at large into the field of crop genetics and physiology research, with a number of projects that have taken place in France. These projects have allowed us to develop combined sensor plus vector systems, from tractor mounted and UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) mounted spectroradiometry to autonomous vehicle mounted spectroradiometry, RGB (red-green-blue) imagery and Lidar. We have tested these systems for deciphering the genetics of complex plant improvement targets such as the robustness to nitrogen and water deficiency of wheat and maize. Our results from wheat experiments indicate that these systems can be used both to screen genetic diversity for nitrogen stress tolerance and to decipher the genetics behind this diversity. We will present our view on the next critical steps in terms of technology and data analysis that will be required to reach cost effective implementation in industrial plant breeding programs. If this can be achieved, these technologies will largely contribute to resolving the equation of increasing food supply in the resource limited world that lies ahead.","PeriodicalId":299313,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126606075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Building thermography: reporting and interpretation of results 建筑热成像:报告和解释结果

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-06-08 DOI: 10.1117/12.2229158

T. Kauppinen, S. Paloniitty, S. Siikanen

引用次数: 2

Towards robotic agriculture 走向机器人农业

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-06-08 DOI: 10.1117/12.2234051

S. Blackmore

{"title":"Towards robotic agriculture","authors":"S. Blackmore","doi":"10.1117/12.2234051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2234051","url":null,"abstract":"Developed agriculture uses massive amounts of energy in a myriad of forms, from the energy associated with chemicals used to control pests and diseases, through fertilisers, to the tractors themselves and the fuel to power them. This energy is often wasted as it goes off-target, is expensive and will become more so in the future. Smarter machines should use the minimum amount of energy to turn the natural environment into useful agriculture thus cutting out wasted energy and reducing costs. As agricultural engineers we are continually looking to find ways of making the crop and animal production processes more efficient and have developed the concept of Precision Farming, where we recognise the natural variability found on our farms and change the management and treatments to suit. This variability takes both spatial and temporal forms. Spatial variability can be understood and managed by creating yield maps and soil maps. Temporal variability is often fundamentally linked to changes in weather over time resulting in the need for real-time management. In industry, we used to have a production line mass producing one item and are now moving over to flexible manufacturing, where each item is developed individually. In agriculture we can see a similar approach by reducing the scale of treatments from farm scale, to field scale, to sub-field scale and even individual plant treatment.","PeriodicalId":299313,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging","volume":"9866 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129990694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Nano-manufactured catalyst for the production of hydrogen via solar thermal water splitting 纳米制造的太阳能热裂解制氢催化剂

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-06-02 DOI: 10.1117/12.2223925

William Clower, Chester G. Wilson

{"title":"Nano-manufactured catalyst for the production of hydrogen via solar thermal water splitting","authors":"William Clower, Chester G. Wilson","doi":"10.1117/12.2223925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2223925","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the creation of nano-manufactured catalyst for the production of hydrogen fuel via the solar thermal water splitting process. The solar thermal water splitting process is considered the holy grail of green energy as the process produces zero carbon emissions. This is made possible by focusing solar energy as the heating source, while the only reactant consumed in the process is water. For this work we are investigating the reaction dynamics of cobalt ferrite catalyst supported on an aluminum oxide support. Solar thermal water splitting occurs in two steps: reduction and oxidation reactions. The reduction step occurs by heating the catalyst, which produces oxygen and converts the cobalt ferrite/aluminum oxide to metal aluminates. The oxidation step begins by flowing water over the newly created metal aluminates. The metal aluminates react with the oxygen creating the original cobalt ferrite/aluminum oxide catalyst as well as hydrogen gas. The catalyst created for this work was done utilizing an electrospinning technique. In a one-step process the aluminum oxide support material can be incorporated with cobalt ferrite catalyst into a single nanofiber. With this technique nanofiber catalyst can be created with diameters ranging from 20 to 80 nm. Nanostructured materials allow for large surface areas >50 m2/g and surface area to volume ratios >9e7/m. The large surface area creates the opportunity for more active sites where the reactions can occur. An increase in reactivity has the potential to move fuel production rate for solar thermal water splitting closer to large-scale commercialization.","PeriodicalId":299313,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123362937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

3D multi-view system using electro-wetting liquid lenticular lenses 采用电润湿液体透镜的三维多视角系统

SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.2225191

Y. Won, Junoh Kim, Cheoljoong Kim, Dooseub Shin, Junsik Lee, Gyohyun Koo

{"title":"3D multi-view system using electro-wetting liquid lenticular lenses","authors":"Y. Won, Junoh Kim, Cheoljoong Kim, Dooseub Shin, Junsik Lee, Gyohyun Koo","doi":"10.1117/12.2225191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2225191","url":null,"abstract":"Lenticular multi-view system has great potential of three dimensional image realization. This paper introduces a fabrication of liquid lenticular lens array and an idea of increasing view points with a same resolution. Tunable liquid lens array can produce three dimensional images by using electro-wetting principle that changes surface tensions by applying voltage. The liquid lenticular device consists of a chamber, two different liquids and a sealing plate. To fabricate the chamber, an <100> silicon wafer is wet-etched by KOH solution and a trapezoid shaped chamber can be made after a certain time. The chamber having slanted walls is advantageous for electro-wetting achieving high diopter. Electroplating is done to make a nikel mold and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) chamber is fabricated through an embossing process. Indium tin oxide (ITO) is sputtered and parylene C and Teflon AF1600 is deposited for dielectric and hydrophobic layer respectively. Two immiscible liquids are injected and a glass plate as a sealing plate is covered with polycarbonates (PC) gaskets and sealed by UV adhesive. Two immiscible liquids are D.I water and a mixture of 1-chloronaphthalene and dodecane. The completed lenticular lens shows 2D and 3D images by applying certain voltages. Dioptric power and operation speed of the lenticular lens array are measured. A novel idea that an increment of viewpoints by electrode separation process is also proposed. The left and right electrodes of lenticular lens can be induced by different voltages and resulted in tilted optical axis. By switching the optical axis quickly, two times of view-points can be achieved with a same pixel resolution.","PeriodicalId":299313,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115664747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2