Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating Genetic Variability and Biometric Indicators in Bread Wheat Varieties: Implications for Modern Selection Methods","authors":"D. Juraev, Sh. Dilmurodov, Norboy Sh. Kayumov, Sevara R. Xujakulova, Umida Sh. Karshiyeva","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4275","url":null,"abstract":"Major grain-producing countries such as Canada, the United States of America, Mexico, Brazil, Australia, China, India, Turkey, and Russia, in the direction of selection for the creation of new varieties of wheat resistant to abiotic factors, are paying great attention to creating new wheat varieties by developing new genotypes by identifying donors with high-quality and positive indicators of valuable economic traits and introducing them into modern selection methods. Progress has been made in this direction worldwide. Today, many varieties of wheat with valuable economic traits and high grain quality have been created and introduced to large areas. In this study, 23 genotypes were selected from 45 genotypes of bread wheat varieties and lines. The nursery’s growth period lasted between 233-238 days, and the lines appeared more mature than the local check varieties. Compared to the local check varieties, among the plant’s biometric indicators, 15 lines showed positive results in terms of plant height, 10 lines in peduncle length, 5 lines in spike length, 1 line in spike number, and 1 line in resistance to lodging. The statistical analysis of grain yield and grain quality using the Dospekhov method  showed that the experimental error rates for various indices as follows: 0.888% for yield, 3.018% for weight of 1000 grains, 0.627% for Test weight, 2.028% for protein content, 1.519% for gluten content, 2.001% for IDK, and 4.01% for grain glassiness. It was noted that the experiment was conducted correctly in terms of repetitions and showed a positive result. 10 genotypes with yield of genotypes 72.6-96.7 c/ha, weight of 1000 grains 37.9-43.2 g, test weight 803-835 g/l, protein content 16.2-19.3%, gluten content 28.5-30.4% were selected. Accordingly, it was observed that the amount of iron was 1.0-1.8 mg. It was observed that the sample was 1.3 mg in the Gozgon variety and 1.4 mg in the Antonina variety. KR20-27-FAWIR-67, KR20-BWF5IR-2625, KR20-27-FAWIR-138 lines 1.6 mg relative to the local check variety. Lines KR20-BWF5IR-2460, KR20-27-FAWIR-39, KR20-BWF5IR-246 1.7 mg. It was observed that the KR20-27-FAWIR-154 line showed a high result of 1.8 mg.","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114627718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enersol Promotes Growth and Yield Performance of Pechay (Brassica rapa L. var. chinensis (L.) Hanelt)","authors":"J. Adorada, Arlan L. Adorada, J. Recuenco-Adorada","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4274","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the results of a field bio-efficacy evaluation to assess the impact of Enersol® LDG, a mineral fertilizer containing leonardite and humic acid, on the growth and yield of pechay (Brassica rapa) in Puypuy, Bay, Laguna, Philippines. In pechay production, there is a need for a plant food supplement that facilitates immediate nutrient absorption. Leonardite-based products have been used to improve soil properties and to help plants withstand biotic and abiotic stresses. Leonardite is an important raw material in the manufacture of commercial products rich in humic and fulvic acids. An experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted, with different combinations of Enersol® LDG and inorganic fertilizer applied basally at seed sowing. Results showed that the combination of Enersol® LDG and inorganic fertilizer significantly increased the total fresh yield of pechay compared to other treatments. However, reducing the amount of inorganic fertilizer resulted in lower yields, regardless of the Enersol® LDG application rate. The marketable yield and percent marketable yield were also significantly higher in plants treated with Enersol® LDG and inorganic fertilizer combinations compared to the control and Enersol® LDG alone. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Enersol® LDG, when combined with inorganic fertilizer, significantly enhanced the growth, and yield of pechay. Further research is recommended to explore optimal dosage and application methods for maximizing pechay production using Enersol® LDG.","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134273328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Beneficial Effect of Spent Coffee Ground Compost under Mustard Plants (Brassica juncea L)","authors":"A. Afriliana, F. Erawantini, E. Hidayat, H. Harada, A. Subagio","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4272","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Spent Coffee Ground (SCG) compost is a compost made with raw materials SCG, cow dung, and chicken manure, with the addition of Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. starters. The nutrients contained in the SCG compost are very good when implemented in horticultural crops. Therefore, it is necessary to study the benefits of SCG compost in plants. One of the horticultural crops that is widely cultivated by farmers is mustard greens. \u0000Study Design:  the design of the study here is descriptive. Data will show in table and graphic. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Department of Agricultural Product Technology University of Jember, between January 2023 and June 2023. \u0000Methodology: The concentration of the compost added to each pot was 1, 2, 3% of the total soil. The amount of soil used in each polybag is 50 gr. The implementation of the compost SCG is carried out during the vegetative phase of the plant (21 days). The mustard seed and soil used are commercial. The type of soil used is pure soil and less on nutrition or without a mixture of fertilizers. The samples were oven dried at 65 °C for 48 h to constant weight and ground for nutrient analysis. In all analyses, three repetitions were performed for each sample. \u0000Results: Plants with the addition of SCG compost (C2) as much as 3% have the best results when compared to the addition of commercial compost (C1) and compost control (C0) in terms of plant physical and nutrients contained therein. Likewise with the biomass produced. The results of the in vitro germination index analysis also proved that the fungi starter implemented in the Mustard plant had the best GI value, namely 200.4%. \u0000Conclusion: Adding compost have positive effect for plant growth especially for length of stem and width of leaves.","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"64 suppl_1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132792013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Mulching and Organic Manure on the Growth and Pod Yield of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)","authors":"B. Das, K. Khatun, A. Uddin, M. Hasan, Md. Kawsar Alam Nadim, Motabber Rahman, Sourav Adhikary, S. Akter","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4271","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during November 2020 to March 2021 to study the influence of mulching and organic manure on the growth and pod yield of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). French bean variety BARI Jharsheem-2 was used as planting material in this study. The experiment consisted of two factors: Factor-A: mulch materials (4 levels): M0 = No mulches, M1 = Black polythene, M2 = Rice straw and M3 = Water hyacinth; Factor-B: T0 = No organic manure, T1 = Kitchen compost (5 t ha-1), T2 = Vermicompost (7 t ha-1) and T3 = Kitchen compost + Vermicompost (2.5 t ha-1 +3.5 t ha-1). In the trial, the M1 (Black Polythene Mulch) treatment outperformed the M0 (No Mulch) treatment in terms of plant morphology and yield and yield attributes. Higher pod yields per hectare were produced by the organic manure T3 (Kitchen compost + Vermicompost) than by the control T0 (no organic manure). The investigation's top treatment combination was identified as M1T3 (black polythene mulch and kitchen compost + vermicompost), which had a 17.55 tha-1 yield potential. At the interaction level between mulching and organic manure, a significant correlation between the yield and yield components was found. ","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121962949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroponics: A Review on Revolutionary Technology for Sustainable Agriculture","authors":"Simerjit Kaur, Bhavin Dewan","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4270","url":null,"abstract":"India's economy heavily relies on agriculture, with the majority of the population depending on it for sustenance and livelihood. However, the rapid development of regions has resulted in severe issues affecting soil quality and cultivation practices. Additionally, factors such as natural disasters, climate change, and excessive use of chemicals have further deteriorated soil fertility. The scarcity of usable water for agriculture exacerbates the problem, leading to reduced food production and widespread hunger and malnutrition. Consequently, there is a critical need to embrace agricultural technologies that can conserve water, enhance food production, and ensure its availability. “Hydroponics” is one such methodology that can be adapted to counter all these problems. Hydroponic cultivation generally yields higher-quality produce with superior taste and nutritional value compared to traditional soil-based farming methods. Hydroponics offers numerous advantages compared to conventional soil-based crop cultivation. These benefits include shorter crop growing cycles, year-round production, reduced susceptibility to diseases and pests, and the elimination of labour-intensive intercultural tasks such as weeding, spraying, and watering. In the future, hydroponics has the potential to emerge as a prominent method for supplying food to the global population.","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"265 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121351894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Genetic Variability for Yield and Yield Contributing Characters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"M. Nazmul, Hasan Shahin, M. Harun-Or-Rashid, M. Atikuzzamman, M. R. Uddin, M. Kobir","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4269","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted at the department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh during the period from April 2018 to August 2018 to study variability, heritability, genetic advance, interrelationship among 14 important characters among the 15 popular rice genotypes of Bangladesh. Significant variation in plant height of BRRI dhan43, in 50% flowering BRRI dhan42 and BRRI dhan43, for days to maturity BRRI dhan42 and BRRI dhan43, for number of unfilled grain per panicle BRRI dhan48, for flag leaf length Lakhi Lata, for flag leaf width Lohar Gura, for panicle plant-1 BRRI dhan27, for number of filled grain per panicle Kalo Jamvi, number of filled grain per panicle Lakhi Lata, for 100-grain weight BRRI dhan48, for yield plant-1 BRRI dhan48 were found.  Besides, yield per plant and 100-grain weight showed high genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation while other characters showed moderate genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation, except days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, panicle length, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, dry matter, and harvest index. All but, plant height and spikelet per panicle, all other characters studied in this experiment showed high heritability and high genetic advance in percent of mean. Panicle per plant, no. of filled grain, 100-seed wt., and harvest index are positively correlated. Yield per plant is also significantly and positively correlated with flag leaf length at the genotypic level but non-significant at phenotypic level. Grain yield showed non-significant positive association with flag leaf width and panicle length. Above information suggests that yield per plant would increase with increase of these characters. Path co-efficient analysis suggested that flag leaf length, panicle per plant, and flag leaf width showed moderate to low direct effect, but 100-seed weight showed highest positive direct effect toward yield per plant. Plant height showed a low negative direct effect on grain yield per plant while days to maturity, panicle length, no. of filled grain, no. of unfilled grain per panicle and dry matter had considerable negative direct effect on grain yield per plant and showed a negligible indirect effect. Thus, selection based on maturity period, number of panicles per plant, panicle length and higher number of filled grains per panicle might be effective for improving yield of rice.","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114024446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An In-depth Investigation of the Pertinent Challenges Inherent in Hydroponics, Aeroponics, Aquaponics, and the Efficacy of Bioponics-based Organic Solutions in Mitigating Them","authors":"Reji Kurien Thomas, Satyam Khagen Bose","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4268","url":null,"abstract":"This study looks at current issues with hydroponics, aeroponics, and aquaponics and explores if organic bioponics-based solutions are a viable alternative that is also sustainable. The study's findings emphasize the need of maintaining root health and nutrient delivery in aeroponic systems, monitoring water quality and striking a balance between the health of fish and plants in aquaponic systems, and maximizing resource utilization in both systems. The utilization of natural pest and disease management techniques and the sustainable use of resources are just two advantages of bioponics, according to comparative studies. The absence of organic food sources, inefficient insect control, and expensive upfront costs are cited as challenges. The development of various organic nutrient sources, optimisation of biological control agents, analysis of commercial feasibility and scalability, automation of processes, integration of technology, and environmental impact analysis are some future research objectives. This study demonstrates how bioponics may help progress environmentally friendly farming methods. By pursuing the suggested future research lines, scientists can further support organic farming methods, improve the effectiveness of food production, and lessen the influence of agriculture on the environment. By identifying low-cost organic material for Agri input development like that done in the year long trials done by VIRENXIA with IIT-Delhi, appropriate solutions for accelerating sustainable crop growth can be achieved. It also aims to create a virtuous cycle between society and an inclusive academic system, by providing knowledge and practices for emerging farmers and upgrading the capabilities of agriculture sectors, in responding to the development needs of rural India.","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128644147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiological Status, Physico-chemistry and Plant Performance in Spent Lubricating Oil (SLO) Polluted Soils Amended with Spiked Organic Fertilizer","authors":"M. Ntekpe, M. Ekpo, U. Ndubuisi-Nnaji, E. O. Mbong, D. C. Udoidiong","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4267","url":null,"abstract":"Soil contaminations by spent lubricating oil (SLO) have been reported to be threatening as it can negatively impact soil macro/micro-flora, destroy the food chains, disrupt biogeochemical cycling of elements, thus reducing soil fertility/productivity, with attendant economic implications. This study evaluated the changes in microbial population and performance of plant in SLO polluted soils amended with different organic fertilizers. The fertilizers were produced from organic waste materials using aerobic composting technique; pollution was simulated in potted soils; soil toxicity were determined using Zea mays L. as test crop; microbial counts and physicochemical properties of the test soils were determined using standard microbiological and chemical protocols respectively. Apart from significant (P˂0.05) decrease in population of total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) and total fungal counts (TFC) (2.6×108 to 6.1×107 cfu/g and 2.3×105 to 1.7×105 cfu/g respectively), and increase in populations of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) and hydrocarbon utilizing fungi (HUF) (7.3×103 to 4.6×104 cfu/g and 8.0×103 to 1.7×104 cfu/g respectively) following contamination of soil with SLO at pollution level., results also revealed increase (improvements) in counts of all microbial groups at the end of remediation treatments. Mean microbial count in soils amended with different levels of fertilizer treatments (5%, 10%, and 15%) reflected a dose-dependent increase as follows: Ft2 ˃ Ft0 ˃ Ft4 for the 5% (3.7×108 cfu/g), 10% (9.2×107 cfu/g) and 15% (6.9×107 cfu/g) respectively. At 5% application, post remediation pH increased following the order: Ft0 ˃ Ft2 ˃ Ft4 (6.00, 5.34, and 4.90 respectively). The test crop, Zea mays L. recorded 100% and 62.5% germination in amended and unamended soils respectively. Leave length and chlorophyll index of Z. mays L. grown on remediated soils ranged between 35.10±0.40 – 52.85±0.05 (at 5% treatments); 32.60±0.10 – 56.55±0.35 (at 10% treatments); and 35.35±0.15 – 42.45±0.25 (at 15% treatments), compared with 30.30±0.80 – 50.55±0.75 (for PS) and 18.05±0.85 – 25.50±0.70 (for unamended CS). All test crops yielded except those grown on unamended soils. Conclusively, application of organic fertilizers to SLO polluted soils increased population of different groups of soil microbes, leading to increased breakdown of the pollutant and reduced soil toxicity.","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122006632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soybean Diseases and Their Effect on Yield Elements in Southern Regions of Uzbekistan","authors":"Meyliyev Akmal, Toshmetova Feruza","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4266","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium (Fusarium L) disease of soybean in the cultivation of soybean grain causes a loss of 30-60% of grain yield and serious damage to the level of protein and fat content of grain. With this in mind, this paper discusses the development, prevalence, yield and 1000-grain weight of soybean fungal diseases and the effectiveness of seed treatments in disease control.","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126065282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Softwood Grafting in Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.)","authors":"T. Priyanka, J. Hiremath, K. Nataraja, T. Pushpa, Sachinkumar Nandhimath, Dilipkumar A. Masuthi","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4265","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The study focused on softwood grafting techniques using low-cost poly tunnel, shade net and poly house condition facilities. \u0000Study Design: Split plot design technique was employed for data gathering. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out at the department of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic crops, Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi, Karnataka during the year 2022. \u0000Methodology: The experiment was carried out using split plot design which contained main factor as growing conditions and sub factor as months of grafting. \u0000Results: The results revealed that among different treatment combinations, C3M2 (poly house + March) had significant influence on tamarind grafts and recorded minimum number of days taken to first sprouting (9.8), highest graft success percentage (90%) at 90 DAG and graft survival Percentage (85%), maximum sprout length (48.90 cm), sprout diameter (0.78 mm), graft height (67.26 cm), graft girth (8.52 mm), number primary branches per graft (7.63), number of leaves (60.06), incremental height (9.30 cm), graft vigour index (6095.56) and net returns (₹1944.86) at 150 DAG.","PeriodicalId":298912,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129027772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}