Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery最新文献

{"title":"Decrypting the Pathological Pathways in IgA Nephropathy.","authors":"Rajiv Jash, Kousik Maparu, Sanket Seksaria, Saptarshi Das","doi":"10.2174/0127722708275167231011102924","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127722708275167231011102924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IgAN is the most common form of glomerulonephritis affecting 2000000 people annually. The disease ultimately progresses to chronic renal failure and ESRD. In this article, we focused on a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and thus identifying different target proteins that could be essential in therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. Aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 produced by the suppression of the enzyme β-1, 3 galactosyltransferase ultimately triggered the formation of IgG autoantibodies which form complexes with Gd-IgA1. The complex gets circulated through the blood vessels through monocytes and ultimately gets deposited in the glomerular mesangial cells via CD71 receptors present locally. This complex triggers the inflammatory pathways activating the alternate complement system, various types of T Cells, toll-like receptors, cytokines, and chemokines ultimately recruiting the phagocytic cells to eliminate the Gd-IgA complex. The inflammatory proteins cause severe mesangial and podocyte damage in the kidney which ultimately initiates the repair process following chronic inflammation by an important protein named TGFβ1. TGF β1 is an important protein produced during chronic inflammation mediating the repair process via various downstream transduction proteins and ultimately producing fibrotic proteins which help in the repair process but permanently damage the glomerular cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":"43-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into Prospects of Novel NSAID Prodrugs in the Management of Gastrointestinal Toxicity: A Perspective Review.","authors":"Rajat Goyal, Sumeet Gupta, Prabodh Sharma, Manu Sharma","doi":"10.2174/0127722708278736231205055035","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127722708278736231205055035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have a long history in the healthcare system due to their therapeutic potential. These NSAIDs cause ulcerogenicity, stomach pains, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, mucosa bleeding, and pancreatitis when used moderately and consistently. With researchers, managing the aforementioned adverse effects therapeutically is getting increasingly difficult. One method for creating NSAID moieties with low penetration as well as ulcerogenic properties is the prodrug technique. During the oral consumption of NSAID-prodrugs, ulcerations, intestinal hemorrhage, and mucosa hemorrhage have significantly decreased. Considering this background, this review focussed on NSAID prodrugs as well as their justifications, the pathogenesis of NSAIDs inducing gastrointestinal toxicity, and the role of different antioxidants and spacer groups. Prodrug moieties have more advantages over parent medicines concerning both solubility and lipophilicity. In general, NSAID-class prodrugs can successfully treat both acute and long-term inflammation and aches without causing ulcerotoxicity and related gastrointestinal side effects, which reduces their burden from the pharmacoeconomic perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":"2-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory Dysfunction in Healthcare Workers with COVID-19: Prevalence and Associated Factors.","authors":"Kacem Imène, Kahloul Mohamed, Ghenim Amal, Ajmi Mohamed, Chouchane Asma, Aloui Asma, Khalefa Wael, H Kalboussi, El Maalel Olfa, Naija Walid, Maoua Maher, Mrizak Nejib","doi":"10.2174/0127722708249126231006061438","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127722708249126231006061438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic is a real global health crisis. Its clinical presentation has evolved over time with an increasing number of symptoms. Olfactory dysfunction (OD) has recently been recognized as a frequent symptom relevant to screening for COVID-19, especially in pauci-asymptomatic forms. However, the underlying mechanisms of OD are not yet fully understood.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the prevalence of OD in healthcare workers with SARS-CoV-2 and to identify its associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional, analytical study, carried out during a period of six months and including all healthcare workers at Farhat Hached Academic Hospital (Tunisia) who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 by PCR, RAT, or chest CT scan.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 474 healthcare workers were included, representing a participation rate of 85.4%. The mean age was 41.02±10.67 years with a sex ratio of 0.2. The distribution of this population by department noted that it was mainly maternity (13.9%). The most presented workstation was nursing (31.4%). OD represented 39.2% of the reasons for consultation. Hospitalization was indicated in 16 patients (3.4%). The average duration of hospitalization was 8.87 ± 7.8 days. The average time off work was 17.04 ± 11.6 days. OD persisted for more than 90 days in 35 patients (7.4%). After multiple binary logistic regression, OD was statistically associated with female gender (p =0.001; OR 95% CI: 2.46 [1.4-4.2]) and blue-collar occupational category (p =0.002; OR IC95%:3.1 [1.5-6.5]). A significant association was also noted between OD and professional seniority and absence from work duration (p =0.019; OR 95% CI: 0.97 [0.95-0.99] and p =0.03; OR 95% CI: 0.97 [0.95-0.99]) respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OD is common in COVID-19 patients. The identification of its associated factors may contribute to enhancing the understanding of its mechanism and drive therapeutic options.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":"67-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and Antimalarial Therapeutic Agents: A Patent Perspective.","authors":"Hai-Long Zhang, Yongxia Li","doi":"10.2174/0127722708268538231010041307","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127722708268538231010041307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibacterial and antimalarial drugs play a critical role in combating infectious diseases. It is a continuous work to develop new types of antibacterial and antimalarial drugs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To better understand current landscape and association of antibacterial and antimalarial agents, the European patent analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Antibacterial and antimalarial agents were analyzed by patent analysis. Patent documents from January 2003 to May 2022 were retrieved and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study indicated there were virtually three therapeutic approaches for antibacterial agents, including chemical drugs, biological products and siRNA technology. Chemical drugs were a mainstream therapeutic approach for development of both antibacterial and antimalarial agents. However, the present study found that in contrast to antimalarials, siRNA technology had been initially explored as therapeutic strategy for antibacterial agents. Also, our study is the first to show that there is a low correlation between antibacterial and antimalarial agents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Globally, our study is the first one to show that it may be not a fast approach to discover antimalarial drugs from antibacterial agents based on drug repurposing. siRNA technology as therapeutic strategy had been explored and used in antibacterial field.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":"57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54231300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Serum Levels of Vitamin D3 and IgE in Patients with Chronic and Allergic Sinusitis: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Payman Bagheri, Majid Nouri, Hesam Eskandarzadeh, Mohammad Darvishi","doi":"10.2174/0127722708281623240116100806","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127722708281623240116100806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis is known as a common problem with inflammatory and allergic causes. Several factors are associated with developing chronic rhinosinusitis, including immunoglobulin E (IgE) production and vitamin D deficiency.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we investigated the role of IgE and Vitamin D deficiency and differences between patients with chronic, allergic sinusitis and controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 90 subjects were included in 3 groups (n=30) in this cross-sectional, correlational descriptive study. The subjects were divided into three groups, including control (healthy subjects), chronic sinusitis patients, and allergy patients. A checklist was used to collect the necessary data, including age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). To evaluate serum levels of vitamin D3 and IgE, ELISA kits were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean vitamin D was 22 g/ml. Fifty-four participants (60%) out of all included people had insufficient vitamin D, 13% had a deficiency, and the high deficiency and insufficiency were in the group of allergic sinusitis. Our results indicated that gender (female) was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency (p =0.01). Thirty-nine participants (43.3%) out of all studied subjects had high IgE, and the highest level of abnormality of IgE was in the allergic sinusitis group. Furthermore, it was found that gender and IgE were not significantly related. However, IgE was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency in the allergic sinusitis group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlighted that most of the patients with chronic and allergic sinusitis had insufficient vitamin D. A possible association was also found between low vitamin D and IgE levels and the prevalence of allergic sinusitis. This study showed that patients with allergic sinusitis may be more vulnerable to lower serum levels of vitamin D. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation as an adjunctive therapy may be considered in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":"108-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139651792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgements to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.2174/277227081702231028011225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/277227081702231028011225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Medicinal Plants in the Management of Inflammatory Disorders: An Overview.","authors":"Madhukar Garg,&nbsp;Abhinav Sharma,&nbsp;Shivam Bansal,&nbsp;Rupanshi Grover,&nbsp;Tanya Sharma,&nbsp;Sapna Kumari,&nbsp;Anju Goyal,&nbsp;Shiveena Bhatia,&nbsp;Lavish Vaid,&nbsp;Geeta Deswal,&nbsp;Ajmer Singh Grewal","doi":"10.2174/2772270817666230227140659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772270817666230227140659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Owing to the enhanced toxicity as well as consequences of allopathic medication, the research on herbal therapies is developing progressively. As a result, medicinal herbs are beginning to play a substantial role in the advancement of the dominant therapeutic medications. Since ancient times, the use of herbs has performed a vital part in human well-being as well in the invention of cutting-edge pharmaceuticals. Inflammation and related illnesses are a major health concern for the entire human population. Pain-inducing drugs including opiates, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, and corticosteroids have severe side effects and these therapies suffer from the recurrence of symptoms too after discontinuing the treatment. As a result, the diagnosis along with the advancement of medications with anti-inflammatory properties is the priority to conquer the drawbacks of the existing therapies. The present review article provides insight into the literature comprising promising phytochemicals from various medicinal plants tested through different model systems and employed for alleviating inflammation in several inflammatory disorders as well as clinical status of the herbal products.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":"17 1","pages":"20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10238451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphocytic Esophagitis: A Case Series of Esophageal Disease with Increasing Frequency.","authors":"Mohamad Yousef,&nbsp;Harleen Chela,&nbsp;Hamza Ertugrul,&nbsp;Abdulmajeed Albarrak,&nbsp;Omer Basar,&nbsp;Syed Pasha,&nbsp;Yousef Mousa,&nbsp;Alhareth Al Juboori,&nbsp;Shellaine Frazier,&nbsp;Veysel Tahan,&nbsp;Ebubekir Daglilar","doi":"10.2174/2772270817666230130093341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772270817666230130093341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lymphocytic esophagitis (LE) is a poorly understood clinical finding that has been increasingly identified in the last decade. Previous studies proposed increased frequency of LE in elderly females, as well as associations with smoking and pediatric Crohn's disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to determine the patient characteristics and clinical features of our adult LE patients. As inflammation in the esophagus has been linked to cancer, this review also describes this association. However, there are no reported cases of malignant transformation in those with underlying lymphocytic esophagitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed records for patients at the University of Missouri Hospital- Columbia (located in the USA) who had a histopathological diagnosis of LE. Cases of LE were identified using the pathology reporting system at the University of Missouri Hospital for esophageal biopsy specimens for the above-mentioned period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data of a total of 20 adult cases with esophageal biopsy specimens consistent with LE were included.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LE seems to be a benign but disturbing clinical problem and should be remembered in elderly females complaining of dysphagia or refractory reflux symptoms. It has similar endoscopic findings of eosinophilic esophagitis with rings and esophagitis. Smoking and hiatal hernia are common risk factors. The majority of LE patients can respond to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. Endoscopic dilations and steroid therapy should be considered for PPI nonresponder LE patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":"17 1","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10238426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Intestinal Organoids.","authors":"Cristina Di Giorgio,&nbsp;Rosalinda Roselli,&nbsp;Michele Biagioli,&nbsp;Martina Bordoni,&nbsp;Patrizia Ricci,&nbsp;Angela Zampella,&nbsp;Eleonora Distrutti,&nbsp;Annibale Donini,&nbsp;Stefano Fiorucci","doi":"10.2174/2772270817666221121143853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772270817666221121143853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing disease caused by a dysregulated immune response to host intestinal microbiota that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. IBD encompasses two major clinical entities: ulcerative colitis (UC), limited to the colonic mucosa, and Crohn's disease (CD), which might affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite the prevalence of IBD increasing worldwide, therapy remains suboptimal, largely because of the variability of causative mechanisms, raising the need to develop individualized therapeutic approaches targeted to each individual patient. In this context, patients-derived intestinal organoids represent an effective tool for advancing our understanding of IBD's pathogenesis. Organoid 3D culture systems offer a unique model for dissecting epithelial mechanisms involved IBDs and testing individualized therapy, although the lack of a functional immune system and a microbiota, two driving components of the IBD pathogenesis, represent a major barrier to their exploitation in clinical medicine. In this review, we have examined how to improve the translational utility of intestinal organoids in IBD and how co-cultures of 3D or 2D organoids and immune cells and/or intestinal microbiota might help to overcome these limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":"17 1","pages":"39-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9933850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis E virus and Zoonosis: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Implications.","authors":"Kam Lun Ellis Hon,&nbsp;Alexander K C Leung,&nbsp;Alex Wong,&nbsp;Siddharth Sridhar","doi":"10.2174/2772270817666230112123221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772270817666230112123221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis E is viral hepatitis caused by infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV). This article aims to review HEV disease and recent advances in the management of hepatitis E. We used PubMed Clinical Queries and keywords of \"hepatitis E\", \"hepatitis E virus\" AND \"zoonosis\" as the search engine. \"Therapy\", \"Clinical Prediction Guides\", \"Diagnosis\", \"Etiology\" and \"Prognosis\" were used as filters, and \"Narrow\" scope was used. The search was conducted in April 2022. The information retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the present article. Hepatitis E is viral hepatitis caused by infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV). Hepatitis E has mainly a fecal-oral transmission route. Hepatitis E infection usually follows an acute and self-limiting course of illness with low death rates in resource-rich areas; however, it can be more severe in pregnant women and immunocompromised people. The mortality rates in these groups are substantially higher. A vaccine for HEV is available but is not universally approved. Ribavirin remains the most efficacious medication for the treatment of HEV but is contraindicated in pregnancy. Sofosbuvir and pegylated interferon, with or without ribavirin, have not been shown in the latest literature reviews to provide reliable additional benefits to the treatment of hepatitis. Sofosbuvir should not be used as monotherapy for HEV. Food is an important source of infection in many countries while rats are the primary vector in developing nations. Management must include an understanding of the rat habitats for this zoonotic disease. Hepatitis E remains an important cause of hepatitis and a zoonotic disease globally. Public health policies are key to containing this viral infectious disease, including policy in the transfusion of blood products.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":"17 1","pages":"54-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9886034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}