Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery最新文献

{"title":"The Association of Persistent Fecal White Blood Cell Excretion with Impaired Weight Gain and Food Allergy Among Children with Allergic Proctocolitis.","authors":"Zahra Fattahi, Tina Talakesh, Soleiman Kheiri, Hassan Talakesh, Saeid Heidari-Soureshjani","doi":"10.2174/0127722708469650260417115846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708469650260417115846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>In children affected by allergic proctocolitis, impaired weight gain and developmental failure to thrive can be a prominent manifestation. However, it remains unclear whether the association between White Blood Cell (WBC) excretion in these patients and the occurrence of food allergies is associated with subsequent impaired weight gain after the start of complementary feeding.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective cohort study, 85 children with allergic proctocolitis were followed from birth to 1 year of age regarding continued WBC excretion, weight gain, and the presence or absence of allergic symptoms. Also, the weight gain of children was examined and compared between those with continued leukocyte excretion and those without. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 26.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age distribution of infants in the two groups with and without persistent WBC excretion did not differ significantly (p =0.35). However, the gender distribution was significantly different, with persistent excretion higher in boys (p =0.023). Examination of standardized weight changes showed no significant difference between the two groups, with and without persistent WBC excretion (p >0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Persistent leukocyte excretion did not affect weight gain, consistent with reports that inflammatory stool markers have limited predictive value in allergic proctocolitis. Future studies with larger samples and refined inflammatory biomarkers are needed to clarify the clinical significance and potential long-term allergic implications of persistent intestinal inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Persistent WBC excretion in children with allergic proctocolitis was observed in some of the patients, but was not associated with impaired weight gain during the first year of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Cannabinoid CB2 Receptors to Attenuate Airway Inflammation and Hyperresponsiveness in Allergic Asthma: Does the TRPV1 Receptor Play a Role?","authors":"Fatma Uysal, Saliha Ayşenur Çam Özünlü, Ibraheem Akram Omar Alhirmizi, Ayşegül Koç, Seyfullah Oktay Arslan, Oğuzhan Yıldız","doi":"10.2174/0127722708446555260329213550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708446555260329213550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Asthma is a chronic airway disease characterized by inflammation, remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Cannabinoid CB2 receptors are emerging as modulators of immune responses, while cross-talk with TRPV1 channels may also influence disease mechanisms. This study investigated the effects of the CB2 agonist JWH133 on airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma and evaluated the involvement of CB2 and TRPV1 receptors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA. JWH133 (0.5, 3, 5 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally, alone or in combination with the CB2 antagonist AM630 or the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine (CPZ). Airway responsiveness was assessed using a methacholine challenge in whole-body plethysmography. Inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), and lung histology were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OVA exposure significantly increased Penh values, BALF inflammatory cells, Th2 cytokines, and histological inflammation. JWH133 produced a dose-dependent reduction in airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic infiltration, and Th2 cytokines, along with improved histopathology. AM630 alone did not alter asthma parameters but partially reversed JWH133's effects when co-administered. CPZ treatment reduced lymphocytes, and CPZ+JWH133 co-treatment further decreased IL-5 and IL-13 levels compared to CPZ alone.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The present study demonstrates that selective activation of CB2 receptors with JWH133 effectively suppresses key pathological features of allergic asthma, including airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation, and Th2 cytokine production. Although AM630 attenuated several of these beneficial effects, JWH133 maintained partial activity even in the presence of CB2 antagonism, suggesting that additional CB2-independent mechanisms contribute to its actions. Moreover, partial overlap between the effects of TRPV1 inhibition and JWH133 indicates that cannabinoid-TRP interactions may influence the inflammatory response. These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of cannabinoid signaling in asthma and underscore the need to explore alternative pathways-including neuroimmune and non-CB2 mechanisms-that may mediate the protective effects of CB2 agonists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>JWH133 markedly reduces airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in OVAinduced asthma, primarily through CB2 receptor activation but also through additional pathways not fully blocked by CB2 antagonism. The partial contribution of TRPV1 modulation further suggests complex receptor crosstalk. Overall, these results support CB2 agonists as promising candidates for asthma therapy and emphasize the importance of future mechanistic studies to clarify their receptor-specific and non-receptor-dependent effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Nanocarriers to Modulate Gut Inflammation: A New Era in IBD Management.","authors":"Madhav Khurana, Saksham Sharma, Shushank Mahajan, Khushi Lamba, Samrat Chauhan, Sanjana Mehta, Sanchit Dhankhar, Sabina Yasmin","doi":"10.2174/0127722708408084251209145952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708408084251209145952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract, primarily including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Current treatments rely heavily on synthetic medications and monoclonal antibodies. While these are effective for some patients, they often cause serious side effects, incur high costs, and can lead to complications with long-term use. Consequently, there is growing interest in exploring alternative and complementary therapies. Natural biomolecules derived from plants and animals have demonstrated promising anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies, offering a potentially safer and more sustainable approach to managing IBD. Nanotechnology is driving significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of IBD. With biosensors and advanced imaging agents, the disease can be detected and monitored more accurately, enabling earlier and more precise diagnoses. Additionally, nanoparticles are being extensively studied as drug delivery systems because they can improve targeted therapy, protect drugs from degradation, and reduce systemic toxicity. However, challenges remain, including premature drug release, limited targeting efficiency, and undesired immune reactions. Although several clinical trials are ongoing, only a few nanoparticle-based treatments have achieved successful outcomes. This review aims to highlight recent advances in nanoparticle-mediated diagnosis and therapy for IBD, emphasizing the opportunities, challenges, and future directions in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmic Inflammation: Evolving Strategies and Therapeutic Hurdles.","authors":"Megha Rani, Rupa Mazumder, Anjna Rani, Rakhi Mishra, Ankita Kalra","doi":"10.2174/0127722708462059260325074724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708462059260325074724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ophthalmic inflammation includes a variety of eye disorders that can severely impact vision and overall quality of life. Despite substantial progress in diagnostic modalities and the development of targeted therapies, the effective management of ophthalmic inflammation continues to pose significant challenges. These challenges arise from the intricate interplay of immune pathways, heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, and the high propensity for treatment-associated adverse effects. Traditional therapeutic approaches, including corticosteroids and systemic immunosuppressants, though initially efficacious, are frequently limited by complications and disease relapse. Recent innovations such as gene therapy, biologics, and nanotechnology-based drug-delivery platforms present promising opportunities for more selective and safer interventions. Nevertheless, successful clinical translation demands individualized treatment paradigms, durable therapeutic outcomes, and an advanced understanding of ocular immunopathogenesis. This review comprehensively explores the pathophysiological basis of ocular inflammation, including uveitis, scleritis, keratitis, and conjunctivitis, along with their epidemiology and global impact. It also highlights key immune mechanisms, including Th1/Th17 pathways, cytokines, and oxidative stress, that drive tissue damage and break ocular immune privilege. Furthermore, diagnostic approaches that include clinical assessment, imaging tools such as OCT and angiography, laboratory tests including serology, PCR, and biomarkers that help differentiate between infectious and non-infectious causes are explored. The emerging therapeutic strategies, evolving technological platforms, and underscoring the imperative for multitarget approaches to overcome the limitations of current interventions are also discussed. In addition, the study emphasizes evidence-based recommendations by highlighting recent advances in drug delivery and immune modulation to improve patient safety, optimize visual outcomes, and guide future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Skin Inflammation and Oncology: Diagnostic Innovations in Dermatology.","authors":"Sanchit Dhankhar, Nitika Garg, Shushank Mahajan, Chander Parkash Dora, Sabina Yasmin, Suresh Beniwal, Samrat Chauhan","doi":"10.2174/0127722708412265251209141745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708412265251209141745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin cancer is a prevalent public health problem worldwide, caused by multiple factors like ultraviolet (UV) radiation, environmental toxins, and lifestyle-related risks. Early diagnosis is the key to enhancing patient outcomes, and recent times have seen tremendous development in artificial intelligence (AI)-aided diagnostic approaches. Conventional machine learning (ML) methods, especially Support Vector Machines (SVMs), have demonstrated robust performance in classifying skin lesions based on hand-designed features. However, deep learning has enabled automated feature extraction and enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are increasingly used to classify melanomas based on large annotated dermoscopic images, enabling them to perform at expert levels in detecting and segmenting lesions. To support these image-based models, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks have been utilized to evaluate sequential clinical information, facilitating longitudinal disease monitoring and decision support. In addition, the convergence of CNN and LSTM architectures is the foundation for sophisticated decision support platforms, such as AI-based clinical chatbots that can interact with patients, triage, and provide initial diagnostic advice. Collectively, these innovations usher in the era of hybrid, multimodal AI platforms that will advance precision dermatology and enable earlier, more efficient interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation-Driven Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Integrating Endocrine Imbalance, Reproductive Impairments, and Tissue-Level Change.","authors":"Manthan Suthar, Vitalii Kaliberdenko","doi":"10.2174/0127722708420885260130135852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708420885260130135852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, classically defined by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovaries morphology. Recent findings now support that low-grade chronic inflammation is a key player in PCOS pathophysiology, explaining hormonal, metabolic, and reproductive dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this narrative review is to update the readership regarding the role of inflammation as a driver in the pathogenesis of PCOS, particularly at points where inflammatory and endocrine, reproductive, and tissue levels intersect.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We performed a narrative review using published, peer-reviewed, and library-recorded sources available in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Keywords relevant to PCOS, fibrosis, endocrine dysfunction, inflammation and reproductive impairment were employed. studies were chosen to be included in this review based on their relevance, quality and concentration on inflammatory pathways and tissue-level changes in PCOS. Results were synthesised thematically in order to synthesize understanding mechanisms between the molecular, endocrine and clinical levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is evidence that insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis are associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune dysregulation and oxidative stress. Inflammatory signaling also plays a role in follicular development, ovarian tissue remodeling and adipose tissue function. These elements of an feed-forward loop maintain the endocrine and metabolic features of Conclusion: Inflammation seems to be a primary determinant in the pathogenicity of PCOS and not mere secondary phenomenon. The identification of the development of inflammation opens the possibility of novel treatment paradigms including anti-inflammatory treatments such as those used for PCOS patients presenting with reproductive and metabolic abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unexpected Cutaneous Reaction to Valsartan in a Patient with Suspected Eczematous Pattern Toxicodermia: A Case Report.","authors":"Lucía Gonzalez-Bravo, José Barbarroja-Escudero, Ana Laiseca Antón, Melchor Álvarez-Mon, Josefa Monjo-Paz, Teodora Matas-Domínguez, María-José Sánchez-González","doi":"10.2174/0127722708420100260210104129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708420100260210104129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are a group of drugs widely used in the treatment of high blood pressure, cardiovascular and renal diseases, and diabetes. ARBs have a low incidence of adverse effects and are usually well tolerated. A limited number of cutaneous reactions to ARBs have been reported. To date, there are no published reports of immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions to any ARB.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a 50-year-old woman with a personal history of arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia. She started treatment with valsartan at 160 mg per day. A year later, she began to experience daily episodes of papular and pruritic skin lesions. She was treated with oral and topical corticosteroids and antihistamines, but the exanthema persisted and progressively worsened. Valsartan was finally discontinued, and she has not experienced any new flares since then. A punch skin biopsy was performed, and histological results were consistent with an eczematous pattern of toxicodermia. Blood analysis, including serum immunoglobulins, complement proteins, and peripheral eosinophils, showed normal values. Patch tests and a skin prick test with valsartan were negative. A controlled oral challenge with valsartan was performed, yielding a positive result. Thirty minutes after the second dose of the drug (cumulative dose of 160 mg), the patient developed an urticarial rash, which resolved within the following two hours. An alternative ARB was selected for challenge, and a controlled oral challenge test with losartan was successfully completed without adverse reactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first immediate reaction to an ARB, specifically valsartan, reported in the literature. Only a few cases of cutaneous exanthemas suggestive of non-immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions have been reported previously. We present a patient with an initial suspicion of a delayed drug hypersensitivity reaction to valsartan, based on a biopsy consistent with an eczematous pattern of toxicodermia. After re-exposure to the drug four months later, the patient experienced an immediate urticarial reaction, suggestive of an IgE-mediated drug allergy. Cross-reactivity between ARBs is uncertain, but losartan, despite belonging to the same group of biphenyltetrazoles as valsartan, was demonstrated to be a safe ARB option for this patient. We also hypothesize that the concept of the \"converter phenotype,\" currently described in patients treated with chemotherapy drugs and monoclonal antibodies, may be applicable to other drugs as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Reservoir Effect: Implications for Safety and Regulation of Long-acting Injectables in Psychiatric Care.","authors":"Jyotiram Sawale, Prabhjot Kaur, Nidhi Arora, Naresh Rangra, Simranjeet Kaur, Rakesh Chawla, Bindiya Chauhan, Amandeep Singh","doi":"10.2174/0127722708436018260101153044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708436018260101153044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The long-acting injectables (LAIs) are quickly developing through new drug delivery technologies that enhance stability, predictability, and bioavailability. New technologies like nanotechnology, model-informed drug development (MIDD), and bio-relevant dissolution testing are transforming the therapeutic landscape. Such technologies protect and permit the delivery of drugs continuously, with fewer dosing periods and increased compliance. With their potential, LAIs are promising in the treatment of chronic diseases and improvement of therapeutic outcomes, but are still restricted by the pharmacokinetic variability, safety issues, and regulatory issues. Hence, this review is an attempt to critically examine the reservoir effect and regulatory issues on long-acting injectables in psychiatric care. The existing overview was organized through the analysis of the progress in LAI technologies and the assessment of their possible use in the context of chronic diseases. Ideas were based on the emergent scientific literature on nanotechnology- based delivery, MIDD, and dissolution model, and the views regarding regulatory frameworks and stakeholder integration. The focus was put on patient compliance, individualized drug delivery platforms, and joint advances in biopharmaceutical studies. Literature showed that new methods such as nanotechnology, MIDD, and bio-relevant dissolution tests have enhanced the stability, predictability, and bioavailability of LAIs. Moreover, these innovations allow everyday delivery, lower dose and frequency of intake, and increase patient compliance with minimal side effects. Furthermore, LAIs have particularly great potential in the management of mental health conditions, infectious diseases, and hormonal disorders, in which patient convenience and long-term compliance are key factors to consider. It also includes the use of digital health tools and tailor-made dosing plans, which additionally enhance effectiveness, safety follow-up, and patient quality of life. LAIs have yet to be fully developed or used to their full potential due to their complicated pharmacokinetics, safety, and regulatory considerations. Dose-variable, safety in the long run, and idiosyncrasy are the most important uncertainties. These issues need to be tackled with a multi-stakeholder approach that would include government agencies, academic institutions, and pharmaceutical companies to come up with clear regulations, consistent assessment mechanisms, and evidence-based regulatory channels. The combination of interdisciplinary work, the use of real-life data, and sophisticated models is needed to create powerful and versatile LAI development strategies. To successfully implement LAIs into clinical practice, change the paradigms of therapeutic interventions, and benefit the general quality of life of patients, innovation and collaboration will be important in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in UV-induced Skin Photo-aging.","authors":"Neeraj Bainsal, Chandan Sharma, Arpan Kumar Tripathi, Divya Jain, Kuldeep Singh","doi":"10.2174/0127722708395224251129041026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708395224251129041026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The skin is especially vulnerable to aging, with ultraviolet (UV)-exposed areas like the face, neck, and hands showing changes more quickly than protected regions. This study explored how UV light drives skin photoaging at the cellular and molecular levels, and assessed how naturally derived compounds might help counter these effects. Through a systematic review of Web of Science and PubMed, preclinical and clinical studies met the inclusion criteria. The analysis focused on measurable outcomes, including wrinkle depth, pigmentation, skin hydration, and collagen content. Results suggest that certain polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids can reduce wrinkle depth by up to 23%, boost hydration by 15-20%, and increase collagen density by 12-18% within 8-12 weeks of use. These benefits appear to stem from multiple mechanisms, including inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases, neutralizing reactive oxygen species, and activating TGF-β signaling. Overall, natural compounds show strong potential in protecting against UV-induced skin aging, but further well-designed clinical trials are needed to address formulation stability, bioavailability, long-term safety, and lasting effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147322348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Immunotherapy with the Rush Method in Patients with Egg White Allergy: A Randomized, Double Blind, Clinical Trial.","authors":"Masoud Movahedi, Mohammad Gharagozlou, Leyla Sahebi, Abbas Khalili, Sajjad Ahmadpour, Javad Tafaroji","doi":"10.2174/0127722708380059251111100817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708380059251111100817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The sole approved treatment for egg allergy is abstaining from consuming eggs. We assessed the effectiveness of oral immunotherapy (OIT) utilizing egg-white powder to treat egg allergy in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a randomized clinical trial on patients with egg white allergy. A desensitization protocol for egg allergies involves a modify rush desensitization method with a build-up and maintenance phase. During the build-up phase, patients consume increasing doses of egg white powder mixed with mashed potatoes for 5-7 days until they can tolerate a whole egg white. During the maintenance phase, patients consume a daily intake of whole cooked egg whites for six months. After two weeks of abstinence, a food challenge test is administered to determine if the patient has developed tolerance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two patients aged 4-7 years with egg white hypersensitivity were recruited. Sixteen participants were in the intervention group, and 16 were in the control group. The intervention group had the highest number of anaphylaxis reactions on day one. During the build-up phase, all patients in the intervention group experienced 60 responses, with skin reactions being the most common. In the maintenance phase, patients were prescribed medications to ensure the success of desensitization. After six months, the intervention group demonstrated a higher tolerance rate for egg whites compared to the control group. Before OIT, the levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE), serum immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), and Radioallergosorbent Test (ImmunoCAP RAST) were similar between the intervention and control groups. After OIT, the level of IgG4 increased in the intervention group and decreased in the control group. ImmunoCap RAST increased in both groups, but significantly more in the intervention group. Skin Prick Test (SPT) wheal decreased significantly in the intervention group but not in the control group. The size of the SPT flare significantly decreased in the intervention group but remained the same in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OIT is adequate for most children with egg allergies. It is a promising intervention for food allergies, but the mechanism underlying its efficacy remains unclear. A better understanding of risks and effective dosing schedules is needed for it to become a recommended standard of care. Long-term immune tolerance strategies are also critical.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>(No. IRCT20190116038387N1).</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}