Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery最新文献

{"title":"Paradoxical Upregulation of miR-146a-5p and COX-2 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells is Associated with COVID-19 Disease Severity.","authors":"Vahid HeidaryMajd, Khaled Rahmani, Mohammad Saeed Hakhamaneshi, Bahram Nikkhoo, Nariman Moradi","doi":"10.2174/0127722708427238260811102453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708427238260811102453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>COVID-19 is closely associated with inflammatory responses, highlighting the importance of investigating key regulatory pathways. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microRNA-146a-5p (miR-146a-5p) are important modulators of inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate their expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of COVID- 19 patients and examine associations with disease severity compared with healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study included 148 participants categorized by disease severity: 72 ICU-admitted patients, 41 severe cases, 15 outpatients, and 20 healthy controls. COX-2 and miR-146a-5p expression levels in PBMCs were measured using quantitative real-time PCR, and clinical and laboratory data were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>COX-2 and miR-146a-5p expression levels were significantly elevated in ICUadmitted and severe patients compared with controls (p < 0.001). A moderate positive correlation was observed between miR-146a-5p and COX-2 expression (r = 0.584, p < 0.0001). The ICU group had a significantly higher mean age than other groups (p < 0.0001), and C-reactive protein levels increased significantly with disease severity (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Increased expression of both markers was positively associated with disease severity, suggesting a complex inflammatory response. Unlike other inflammatory conditions where miR-146a-5p negatively regulates COX-2, both markers increased concurrently, possibly reflecting a compensatory response to heightened inflammation. However, the unequal distribution of sample sizes across study groups should be considered when interpreting the findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>COX-2 and miR-146a-5p expression levels were elevated in severe COVID-19 and positively correlated with disease severity. Their concurrent upregulation suggests involvement in inflammatory dysregulation and highlights their potential as biomarkers or therapeutic targets, warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging Immunology and Cardiology: Current Perspectives on Kounis Syndrome.","authors":"Hitesh Chandra Bishtania, Mahima Devi, Utkarsh Pratap Singh, Debanjan Lo, Sreyosi Guha Niyogi, Sreemoyee Mitra, Damini, Gaurav Singh Chauhan, Shubham Thakur","doi":"10.2174/0127722708459258260807053026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708459258260807053026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kounis Syndrome (KS) is a distinct clinical manifestation in which Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) are associated with the occurrence of hypersensitivity or allergy. KS was initially described in 1991 as a range of acute myocardial ischemic events caused by mast cell activation and consequent release of inflammatory mediators in response to allergens, viz, drugs, insect stings, foods, and environmental agents. The pathophysiology of KS involves a complex interaction of histamine, tryptase, platelet-activating factor, and cytokines, resulting in coronary vasospasm, plaque rupture, and stent thrombosis. The syndrome has been classified into three variants: Type I, which is characterized by vasospasm and there is no underlying coronary disease; Type II, which is characterized by disruption of the plaque in the atherosclerotic plaque; and Type III, which is characterized by stent thrombosis, in which eosinophil and mast cell proliferation are prominent. Furthermore, the diagnosis requires a multimodal approach, which involves a clinical examination, biomarker testing (tryptase, IgE), echocardiography, and more advanced imaging, such as coronary angiography and MRI. However, due to complex pathophysiology and multimodal diagnosis, the management of KS is complex. To avoid exacerbation of allergic and ischemic processes in each other, a well-balanced anti-allergic and cardiovascular therapy is preferred, as well as using vasodilators, corticosteroids, antihistamines, and reasonable dosages of epinephrine and anticoagulants. Thus, the review focuses on symptoms and methods for early detection of KS to raise awareness and recognition for better patient outcomes associated with KS using case studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the Anticancer Potential of Pyridine Frameworks.","authors":"Sumit Yadav, Neelam Singh, Anurag Chauhan, Ayush Jain, Anurag Shrivastav, Puneet Gupta","doi":"10.2174/0127722708433890260812075231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708433890260812075231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer remains a major global health challenge, profoundly affecting quality of life and contributing to rising mortality rates. Persistent and recurrent cancers, along with the development of resistance to existing therapies, underscore the urgent need for novel anticancer agents with improved potency, selectivity, pharmacokinetic profiles, and reduced toxicity. Among the promising candidates in modern drug discovery, pyridine derivatives have gained significant attention for their broad spectrum of biological activities and remarkable therapeutic versatility. Notably, several pyridine-based compounds have demonstrated potent anticancer effects through distinct molecular mechanisms; for instance, Sunitinib, a pyridine-containing tyrosine kinase inhibitor, targets VEGFR and PDGFR to block tumor angiogenesis; Crizotinib inhibits ALK and c-Met signalling; and Pazopanib suppresses VEGFR-mediated pathways involved in tumor proliferation and metastasis. These examples highlight the pivotal role of the pyridine scaffold in modulating key oncogenic signalling cascades.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PEPITEM Reduces Annexin V Immunoreactivity in Spinal Cord Tissue from Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice.","authors":"Mohammed Alassiri, Nisrin A Zanoom, Bahauddeen M Alrfaei, Mashan L Abdullah","doi":"10.2174/0127722708461374260805101127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708461374260805101127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is widely used as a murine model to study its immunopathological features. PEPITEM regulates leukocyte trafficking; however, its effect on apoptosis-associated tissue changes in EAE remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether prophylactic or therapeutic administration of PEPITEM alters Annexin V immunoreactivity in spinal cord sections from EAE mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>EAE was induced in female C57BL/6 mice using MOG35-55 immunization. Mice received scrambled peptide or PEPITEM using therapeutic or prophylactic regimens. Paraffinembedded lumbar spinal cord sections were analyzed by Annexin V immunofluorescence staining with DAPI nuclear counterstaining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both therapeutic and prophylactic PEPITEM-treated EAE groups showed reduced Annexin V immunoreactivity compared with their corresponding scrambled peptide-treated EAE controls. DAPI staining suggested better preservation of nuclear distribution and morphology in PEPITEM-treated groups.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings complement previous PEPITEM-EAE studies reporting reduced CNS inflammation, leukocyte infiltration, demyelination, and immune-trafficking gene expression. Annexin V immunofluorescence is supportive rather than definitive, and further validation is needed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PEPITEM treatment was associated with reduced Annexin V immunoreactivity in EAE spinal cord sections, suggesting reduced apoptosis-associated tissue injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Topical Therapy Using Quercetin-silver Nanoparticles and Kaempferol Gel for Psoriasis Care.","authors":"Siddhi Fogueri, Mrityunjaya Patil","doi":"10.2174/0127722708474791260723125825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708474791260723125825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The current era of nano drug delivery leverages nanoparticles to enhance the efficacy of plant-derived therapeutic agents. Recent studies indicate that silver nanoparticles (SNPs) serve as ideal carriers for drug delivery due to their versatile physicochemical properties. Quercetin is a major plant flavonoid used to treat psoriasis, wound healing, and inflammatory diseases, and has an inherent antimicrobial property.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>SNPs were prepared by a rapid one-pot synthesis method and characterized using FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and XRD analysis. Investigated the effectiveness of Quercetin silver nanoparticles (QSNPs) loaded Kaempferol (Kaempferol) gel against imiquimod (IMQ) induced psoriasis and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The Entrapment efficiency of the optimized formulation was found to be 86.78±0.08%. QSNP-loaded Kaempferol gel showed 82.28% cumulative drug release over the period of 24 hrs. The anti-inflammatory effect of the prepared gel formulation was evaluated using the in vitro HRBC membrane stabilization method and protein denaturation inhibition method.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The bio-reduction of silver in SNPs due to Quercetin conjugation reduces toxicity, verified through skin irritancy assessments. QSNPs-loaded Kaempferol gel offered a noteworthy reduction in psoriasis area-severity index (PASI) scores in the IMQ-induced psoriasis model, which is ensured by a histopathology study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prepared QSNPs loaded Kaempferol gel shows promising effects against IMQinduced psoriasis and inflammation. Several patents and patent applications focus on the synthesis and application of quercetin silver nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Crosstalk Driven by Metabolic and Hemodynamic Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy.","authors":"Chand Kaur, Tanuj Hooda, Narinder Pal Kaur, Amit Lather, Manish Kumar Gautam, Arup Dey","doi":"10.2174/0127722708485723260723150226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708485723260723150226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, leading to progressive kidney damage and end-stage renal disease. Its multifactorial pathogenesis involves hemodynamic alterations, metabolic disturbances, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review synthesizes current literature on the pathophysiology of DN, focusing on structural and functional kidney changes, molecular pathways, and mediators implicated in disease progression. The discussion includes hemodynamic factors such as glomerular hyperfiltration and pressure changes, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and endothelin signaling; metabolic pathways including the polyol pathway, hexosamine pathway, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs); and the role of cytokines, growth factors, oxidative stress, and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Hyperglycemia-induced kidney injury manifests as microalbuminuria, basement membrane thickening, mesangial matrix expansion, and glomerulosclerosis. RAAS activation and vasoconstriction exacerbate hemodynamic stress, while metabolic dysregulation triggers cellular damage and fibrosis. Growth factors such as TGF-β, IGFs, PDGF, VEGF, and CTGF further drive mesangial proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition. Oxidative stress amplifies inflammatory cascades, accelerating renal functional decline.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Diabetic nephropathy results from a complex interplay of hemodynamic, metabolic, and inflammatory mechanisms. While no cure exists, early detection and aggressive management of hyperglycemia, hypertension, and associated risk factors can significantly slow progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Targeting specific molecular pathways offers promise for future therapeutic development. This review investigates the multi-factorial mechanisms underlying diabetic nephropathy by synthesizing findings from recent studies on hemodynamic, metabolic, oxidative, and inflammatory pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Role of Caffeic Acid with Conventional Neuroprotective Drugs: Potential of Combination Therapy for Managing Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Anjali Sharma, Prabhat Singh","doi":"10.2174/0127722708476112260728060133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708476112260728060133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease involving amyloid-β accumulation, formation of neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Current treatment options include symptomatic agents such as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (AChEIs) and memantine. The present review discusses the therapeutic potential of Caffeic Acid (CA) as an adjunctive agent to conventional anti-Alzheimer's treatments, focusing particularly on its pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An extensive search of the literature was carried out from the years 2000 to 2025 using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, Medline, Google Scholar, and others. All in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies that have evaluated CA alone or in combination with AChEIs and memantine were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The existing literature suggests that CA has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and weak cholinesterase inhibition properties, while AChEIs and memantine mainly target neurotransmission. The results suggest that CA, when combined with other anti-Alzheimer's agents, provides superior neuroprotective properties compared to monotherapy in various animal models. Nevertheless, current data support more additive rather than synergistic actions of CA with AD medications.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Pharmacokinetic issues associated with CA use are possible due to the drug's ability to interfere with cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein. Moreover, issues with CA pharmacokinetics, nanoparticle delivery systems, and patient compliance might affect the translation of these findings into clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CA might be used as an auxiliary substance for treating AD. Further research on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interactions and synergy between these compounds is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regenerative Approaches in Type 1 Diabetes: β-cell Replacement and Emerging Therapeutics.","authors":"Dushyant, Smita Narwal, Gurvirender Singh, Rupa Devi, Ashwani K Dhingra, Nisha Grewal, Jasmeen Kaur, Jagdeep Singh","doi":"10.2174/0127722708449951260724061020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708449951260724061020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a selective autoimmune loss of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells and lifelong replacement with exogenous insulin. The disease remains incurable despite extensive research. New therapies, such as stem cell replacement, have been developed as the leading β-cell replacement modality. Pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have been established as insulin-secreting cells, a theoretically unlimited reservoir for transplantation. Defective β-cell function, immune rejection, and ethical issues still exist. New immunosuppressive measures such as costimulation blockade therapy or regulatory T cell (Treg)-based therapy have been proposed to optimize graft survival with fewer side effects. Bioengineered islet grafting, xenograft transplantations, and gene editing tools are also analyzed in order to improve the effectiveness of β-cell replacement. Therapeutic advances in target immunomodulation and islet encapsulation are also enhancing survival and functionality of transplanted cells. This article provides a pharmaceutical review of emerging β-cell replacement therapies including stem cell-derived therapy, immunotherapy, and innovative biotechnologybased solutions. Breaking through current limitations of these therapies is crucial to achieving long-term insulin independence for T1D patients. Refining differentiation protocols, improving immune evasion strategies, and merging paradigms of personalized medicine are essential to achieving maximal therapeutic benefit in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-17RA/IL-17RC Blockade Restores Fibrinolytic Balance in Bleomycin-induced Acute Lung Injury.","authors":"Rakshitha Charavu, Jeena Thrikkandiyoor Madambath, Akarsha B Jain, Yashodhar P Bhandary","doi":"10.2174/0127722708472365260523174950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708472365260523174950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) signalling disrupts fibrinolysis and drives inflammation and fibrotic remodelling in acute lung injury (ALI). IL-17A signals through a heterodimeric complex of IL-17RA and IL-17RC, initiating a cascade of immunological responses, including the synthesis of chemokines and inflammatory mediators. This leads to compromised epithelial integrity and barrier dysfunction. To determine the therapeutic potential of IL-17RA and IL-17RC neutralising antibodies on inflammation and the fibrinolytic system in a bleomycin (BLM)-induced ALI model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A549 cells and C57BL/6 mice were used to study the effects of neutralising IL-17RA and IL-17RC. ALI was induced in both models using BLM. A549 cells were subsequently treated with IL-17RA and IL-17RC neutralising antibodies. In mice, ALI was induced via intranasal administration of BLM. Neutralising antibodies against IL-17RA and IL-17RC were administered intranasally. Collected lung tissues and cell pellets were assessed for expression of the fibrinolytic system and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study demonstrates the active involvement of IL-17 receptors, IL-17RA, and IL17RC in ALI. BLM treatment significantly increased PAI-1 expression ~ 3.5-fold, whereas neutralisation of IL-17RA or IL-17RC markedly reduced PAI-1 levels by over 90% compared to the BLM treated group, while restoring the expression of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) and suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study reveals that neutralisation of IL-17RA or IL-17RC in BLM-induced ALI reduced inflammation and restored normal fibrinolytic balance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that IL-17RA and IL-17RC play a major role in inflammation and the regulation of fibrinolysis during ALI. Targeting these receptors can mitigate lung injury and restore normal fibrinolytic activity, highlighting a novel receptor-specific IL-17 blockade as a potential therapeutic strategy to limit lung injury and improve ALI and Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlation between Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and C-reactive Protein Ratio, and Lipid Profile in Dyslipidemia Patients with Dry Eye Disease.","authors":"Amani Y Alhalwani, Manar Khinkar, Mawaddah Alharbi, Maha Alqurashi, Asail Alsulami, Lujain Refaei, Maha B Alqahtani, Areej Yahyawi, Shatha Jambi, Hala Bamallem","doi":"10.2174/0127722708469832260704203619","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0127722708469832260704203619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dyslipidemia (DLP) is an increase in lipid accumulation; as a result, hypertriglyceridemia causes body inflammation. One risk factor for inflammation is the development of dry eye disease (DED). This study aims to investigate the correlation between the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein ratio (ESR/CRP ratio) and lipid profile biomarkers as indicators for dyslipidemia in dry eye disease patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was designed based on a case-control study of n=200 patients with dyslipidemia in the King Abdulaziz Medical Center (KAMC) - Jeddah hospital community, who were randomly selected. The patient data were collected for two groups: the control group, dyslipidemia only (DLP; n= 144), and the study group, dyslipidemia with dry eye disease (DLPDED; n= 56). All patients' demographic and laboratory findings data were retrospectively extracted from the hospital records using the BestCare platform; then, the PRISM software analyzed the statistical data (GraphPad Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). A significance level of p <0.05 was adopted for validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study found that females were more common in DLP-DED patients than DLP patients. Moreover, DLP-DED patients have triglyceride values higher than DLP patients, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). Compared the correlation of ESR/CRP ratio between groups, only DLP-DED patients showed a positive correlation between ESR/CRP ratio and total cholesterol and between ESR/CRP ratio and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the DLP-DED group with statistically significant differences p = 0.0223 and p = 0.0393, respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The positive correlation between the ESR/CRP ratio and LDL and cholesterol levels in DLP-DED patients supported a previously published study on DED patients versus non- DED.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the significant correlations between the ESR/CRP ratio and lipid profile, examining the ESR/CRP ratio is recommended as routine screening of dyslipidemia patients with ocular surface diseases such as dry eye disease to provide clinically beneficial diagnosis and treatment approaches and prevent future eye complications in DLP patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29815,"journal":{"name":"Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}