ACS Applied Optical Materials最新文献

{"title":"Luminescent ZnO-Carbon Hybrid Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characterization, Emission Mechanism, and Applications","authors":"Benjamin Sreenan*,&nbsp;Vala Kafil,&nbsp;Tanner Hunt,&nbsp;Sun Hae Ra Shin,&nbsp;Alec A. Brennan,&nbsp;Praveen K. Thallapally,&nbsp;Yftah Tal-Gan and Xiaoshan Zhu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0050910.1021/acsaom.4c00509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00509https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00509","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, hybrid zinc-oxide–carbon nanomaterials (ZnO–C-NMs) with 2–5 nm ZnO nanoparticles embedded in a C nanomatrix were developed through a facile one-pot solvothermal synthesis method. Under UV excitation (355 nm), ZnO–C-NMs emit weak blue luminescence, but under visible light excitation (405 nm), they present a bright green emission. Such luminescence properties are much different from those of C-NMs (synthesized under the same conditions as ZnO–C-NMs, except without the addition of Zn precursors). Through optical characterization and comparison of these materials, the luminescence mechanism of ZnO–C-NMs was discussed; the unique luminescence properties can be attributed to the interaction between the electronic structures of the ZnO nanoparticles and the C matrix. It was also found that ZnO–C-NMs possess excellent luminescence stability in water even under harsh conditions (e.g., high salinity, high concentrations of reactive oxygen species, or wide pH ranges). The observed phenomena may be rooted in a hydration layer on the surface of ZnO–C-NMs through the electrostatic absorption of water molecules. Based on their physiochemical merits, ZnO–C-NMs were successfully employed to detect trace amounts of water in commonly used low-polarity organic solvents with high sensitivities. We believe that such hybrid ZnO–C-NMs have potential for broader applications in sensing, imaging, photocatalysis, and others due to their unique luminescence properties or electronic structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"698–711 698–711"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral Performance of Multilayer Amorphous Selenium and Selenium–Tellurium Photodetectors","authors":"Hamid Mirzanezhad,&nbsp;Kaitlin Hellier,&nbsp;Max Teicheira and Shiva Abbaszadeh*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0047510.1021/acsaom.4c00475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00475https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00475","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photodiodes are an essential semiconductor device used in medical imaging, high-energy physics, and UV–visible sensors. Recent progress has renewed interest in exploring alloys of traditional materials for detector fabrication. Alloying amorphous selenium (a-Se) with other materials can potentially improve device performance in responsivity and quantum conversion efficiency (QCE) and address some limitations of stabilized a-Se. To increase the sensitivity and transport properties, we explore multilayer devices with vertical and lateral architectures. We use different combinations of stabilized a-Se and selenium–tellurium (Se–Te) alloys and compare implementing each as the light-absorbing layer, aiming to determine whether tailoring the alloys based on the wavelength absorption depth could improve the detector’s performance. For vertical devices, a thin (90 nm) a-Se layer paired with a thick (15 μm) Se–Te layer proved to be the most effective device, improving both the response at long wavelengths and overall QCE, with a 13–15% improvement over single-layer a-Se devices in the UV and 2.5% improvement at red wavelengths. In the lateral devices, the combination of a-Se and Se–Te layers outperformed a single layer of stabilized a-Se; however, a solid layer of Se–Te gave the highest QCE with a peak efficiency of 30% at 355 nm and 15 V/μm. These findings demonstrate how multilayer structures can affect device performance, better guiding device architecture based on the end application, desired wavelength sensitivity, and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"646–655 646–655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaom.4c00475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral Performance of Multilayer Amorphous Selenium and Selenium-Tellurium Photodetectors.","authors":"Hamid Mirzanezhad, Kaitlin Hellier, Max Teicheira, Shiva Abbaszadeh","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c00475","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsaom.4c00475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photodiodes are an essential semiconductor device used in medical imaging, high-energy physics, and UV-visible sensors. Recent progress has renewed interest in exploring alloys of traditional materials for detector fabrication. Alloying amorphous selenium (a-Se) with other materials can potentially improve device performance in responsivity and quantum conversion efficiency (QCE) and address some limitations of stabilized a-Se. To increase the sensitivity and transport properties, we explore multilayer devices with vertical and lateral architectures. We use different combinations of stabilized a-Se and selenium-tellurium (Se-Te) alloys and compare implementing each as the light-absorbing layer, aiming to determine whether tailoring the alloys based on the wavelength absorption depth could improve the detector's performance. For vertical devices, a thin (90 nm) a-Se layer paired with a thick (15 μm) Se-Te layer proved to be the most effective device, improving both the response at long wavelengths and overall QCE, with a 13-15% improvement over single-layer a-Se devices in the UV and 2.5% improvement at red wavelengths. In the lateral devices, the combination of a-Se and Se-Te layers outperformed a single layer of stabilized a-Se; however, a solid layer of Se-Te gave the highest QCE with a peak efficiency of 30% at 355 nm and 15 V/μm. These findings demonstrate how multilayer structures can affect device performance, better guiding device architecture based on the end application, desired wavelength sensitivity, and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"646-655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Nanocellulose UV Filters for Photovoltaic Applications: Comparison of Red Onion (Allium cepa) Extract, Iron Ions, and Colloidal Lignin","authors":"Rustem Nizamov*,&nbsp;Aapo Poskela,&nbsp;Joice Kaschuk,&nbsp;Karl Alexander Henn,&nbsp;Rafael Grande,&nbsp;Sari Granroth,&nbsp;Mikael Nyberg,&nbsp;Maryam Esmaeilzadeh,&nbsp;Jaana Vapaavuori,&nbsp;Monika Österberg and Kati Miettunen,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0048410.1021/acsaom.4c00484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00484https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00484","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study explores the stability of cellulose-based films as sustainable ultraviolet (UV) light filter films for optoelectronic applications. To address the gap in assessing the long-term performance of biobased UV filters in practical applications, these films were applied to dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)─devices that are extremely prone to UV degradation. This research employs cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-oxidized CNF (TOCNF) based films as a basis for UV filter materials, providing the first insights into their extended reliability and functionality. The films include TOCNFs with physically and chemically physically cross-linked iron ions (III) forms (TOCNF-Fe³⁺ and TOCNF-ECH Fe³⁺), CNF film with lignin nanoparticles deposition (CNF-LNP), and CNF film dyed with red onion (<i>Allium cepa</i>) skin extract (CNF-ROE). UV–vis-NIR spectroscopy demonstrated that CNF-ROE blocked 99.9% of radiation below 400 nm, showcasing its superior UV-blocking capability compared to the other materials tested here. The biobased films caused a more significant loss in transmittance in the visible range than the commercial reference. Among them, CNF-ROE, which offered the highest UV protection, also demonstrated the highest light transmittance, exceeding 80% in the 650–1100 nm range. During 1000 h of light soaking testing, DSSCs covered with CNF-ROE presented minimal visual discoloration, or bleaching, of the electrolyte even compared to the cells protected by the commercial UV filter film used as a benchmark. Predictive modeling based on the accelerated aging test projected that CNF-ROE could protect DSSCs for approximately 8500 h, compared to only 1500 h with the commercial filter. To summarize, CNF-ROE stood out as a promising biobased UV filter alternative, particularly it maintained well its performance throughout prolonged exposure. The study highlights the effectiveness of biobased UV filter films for optoelectronic applications, particularly where sustainable and durable materials are paramount.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"664–675 664–675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaom.4c00484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semimetal/Substrate Cavities Enabling Industrial Materials for Structural Coloring.","authors":"Fernando Chacon-Sanchez, Rosalia Serna","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c00521","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsaom.4c00521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Color coatings are essential for the identification and safety of everyday objects as well as for the protection of surfaces from deterioration, in addition to their well-known use for enhancing their aesthetic appeal. However, conventional dyes and pigments are a major source of contamination and degrade easily over time. Structural coloring is a sustainable alternative capable of producing high-quality colors with nanometric structures. Nonetheless, many approaches to structural coloring rely on lithography or expensive back-reflectors made from noble metals. In this study, we approach surface coloring using lightweight, sustainable, and scalable optical coatings with subwavelength thickness. This method allows industrial surfaces to function as active elements in the color-generating structure, eliminating the need for metallic mirrors. The design is based on a semimetal/substrate cavity (SSC), directly deposited onto the surface to be colored. As a proof of concept, we designed and fabricated SSCs on silicon and stainless steel substrates, using ultrathin films of bismuth (Bi) and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) as the cavity components. These SSCs display vivid, well-defined colors with excellent angular stability for a cavity. Moreover, the SSC design can be adapted with other semimetal/dielectric combinations and offers an efficient, daylight-friendly, sustainable, and lightweight solution for functional coloration of everyday objects as well as components for industrial and technical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"727-736"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of TiN-PVP/Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Composite Films and Studies on Electro-Optical Properties and Optical Modulation","authors":"Zhenlei Zhong,&nbsp;Yuzhen Zhao,&nbsp;Xun Li,&nbsp;Zemin He,&nbsp;Shuqing Wang,&nbsp;Hong Gao*,&nbsp;Zhun Guo,&nbsp;Dong Wang*,&nbsp;Lei Wang and Yi Luan*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0046610.1021/acsaom.4c00466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00466https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00466","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) exhibiting electro-optical (E-O) conversion capabilities facilitate modulation across the ultraviolet (UV) to infrared (IR) spectrum. In this study, a bilayer TiN-PVP/PDLC composite film device was prepared by utilizing commercially available polymers and nanoparticles to enhance UV and IR shielding efficacy. By optimizing the ratio of polymer monomers to liquid crystals within the PDLC layer, superior E-O characteristics were achieved, which were further augmented through the incorporation of a TiN-PVP film. The results showed that the TiN-PVP/PDLC composite films had the maximum contrast ratio when the TiN doping content was 1.5 wt %. Notably, the TiN-PVP/PDLC composite film demonstrated significant thermal and UV shielding performance under IR and UV irradiation, with thermal shielding efficiencies exceeding 60% in both the off and on states, while UV shielding exhibited commendable values of 96.8% and 56.9% in the corresponding states. This facilely synthesized TiN-PVP/PDLC composite film holds significant promise for passive cooling applications in smart window technologies and architectural structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"630–638 630–638"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semimetal/Substrate Cavities Enabling Industrial Materials for Structural Coloring","authors":"Fernando Chacon-Sanchez*,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Rosalia Serna,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0052110.1021/acsaom.4c00521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00521https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00521","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Color coatings are essential for the identification and safety of everyday objects as well as for the protection of surfaces from deterioration, in addition to their well-known use for enhancing their aesthetic appeal. However, conventional dyes and pigments are a major source of contamination and degrade easily over time. Structural coloring is a sustainable alternative capable of producing high-quality colors with nanometric structures. Nonetheless, many approaches to structural coloring rely on lithography or expensive back-reflectors made from noble metals. In this study, we approach surface coloring using lightweight, sustainable, and scalable optical coatings with subwavelength thickness. This method allows industrial surfaces to function as active elements in the color-generating structure, eliminating the need for metallic mirrors. The design is based on a semimetal/substrate cavity (SSC), directly deposited onto the surface to be colored. As a proof of concept, we designed and fabricated SSCs on silicon and stainless steel substrates, using ultrathin films of bismuth (Bi) and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) as the cavity components. These SSCs display vivid, well-defined colors with excellent angular stability for a cavity. Moreover, the SSC design can be adapted with other semimetal/dielectric combinations and offers an efficient, daylight-friendly, sustainable, and lightweight solution for functional coloration of everyday objects as well as components for industrial and technical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"727–736 727–736"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaom.4c00521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-Layer Coating Containing Boron Nitride Powder for Efficient Daytime Radiative Cooling","authors":"Satoshi Ishii*,&nbsp;Etsuko Shimada,&nbsp;Ryugo Hosokawa,&nbsp;Minoru Morioka,&nbsp;Motoharu Fukazawa and Takashi Kawasaki,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0051910.1021/acsaom.4c00519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00519https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00519","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Daytime radiative cooling outdoors is a passive cooling method that emits thermal radiation toward the sky while reflecting sunlight. Many different daytime radiative coolers have been developed, and some have been commercialized. Coatings offer advantages in ease of application and versatility across different surfaces. Typical daytime radiative cooling coatings are mixtures of powders or particles in polymer hosts. As these paintings reflect sunlight diffusively, the coating thicknesses are submillimeters or thicker. Thick coatings result in high thermal resistance, which is undesirable for cooling objects below the coating. To address this problem, boron nitride (BN) powder was used as a material with high thermal conductivity to reduce thermal resistance. However, the high refractive index of BN in the mid-infrared regions prevents the mid-infrared emissivity of BN-containing coatings from achieving values above 0.9 if the concentration is high. In the current work, we demonstrate a high average emissivity reaching 0.93 and solar reflectance of 0.99 by adding a layer containing silica powder, where the silica layer is instrumental in enhancing the emissivity without deteriorating the solar reflectance. The double-layer coatings exhibit subambient outdoor temperatures in Japan. Introducing a silica layer for thermal emission on top of a BN-containing base layer presents a straightforward method to enhance the daytime radiative cooling performance of a BN-containing layer.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"720–726 720–726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA-Guided Self-Assembly of Carbon Nanotubes and Quantum Dots.","authors":"Durham Smith, Grigory Tikhomirov","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c00534","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsaom.4c00534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability to robustly and with scalability detect single photons in the visible spectrum with wavelength resolution would transform many imaging applications. Theoretical studies propose an array of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) functionalized with semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as a physical realization of such photon sensors. In this work, we report approaches to synthesize these CNT-QD nanostructures using DNA as a smart glue to connect CNTs to QDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"569-574"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA-Guided Self-Assembly of Carbon Nanotubes and Quantum Dots","authors":"Durham Smith*,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Grigory Tikhomirov*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0053410.1021/acsaom.4c00534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00534https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00534","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The ability to robustly and with scalability detect single photons in the visible spectrum with wavelength resolution would transform many imaging applications. Theoretical studies propose an array of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) functionalized with semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as a physical realization of such photon sensors. In this work, we report approaches to synthesize these CNT-QD nanostructures using DNA as a smart glue to connect CNTs to QDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 3","pages":"569–574 569–574"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaom.4c00534","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}