Environment & Health最新文献

{"title":"Non-Targeted Analysis of Environmental Contaminants and Their Associations with Semen Health Factors in Men from New York City","authors":"Trevor A. Johnson,&nbsp;Sarah Adelman,&nbsp;Bobby B. Najari,&nbsp;Joshua F. Robinson,&nbsp;Linda G. Kahn and Dimitri Abrahamsson*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0016510.1021/envhealth.4c00165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00165https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00165","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Characterizing the chemical composition of semen can provide valuable insights into the exposome and environmental factors that directly affect seminal and overall health. In this study, we compared molecular profiles of 45 donated semen samples from general population New York City participants and examined the correlation between the chemical profiles in semen and fertility parameters, i.e., sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm morphology, and semen volume. Samples were prepared using a protein precipitation procedure and analyzed using liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Non-targeted analysis (NTA) revealed 18 chemicals not previously reported in human exposome studies, with 3-hydroxyoctanedioic acid, a cosmetic additive, emerging as a plausible candidate found to be at higher levels in cases vs controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and associated with adverse sperm motility and morphology. Four level 1 identified compounds were found to have associations with semen health parameters; dibutyl phthalate and 2-aminophenol negatively impacted motility, 4-nitrophenol was associated with low morphology, while palmitic acid was found to be associated with both low morphology and low volume. This study aims to utilize NTA to understand the association of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) along with a full chemical profile to find trends separating poor and normal semen health parameters from each other chemically. Our results suggest that the collective effects of many CECs could adversely affect semen quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"164–176 164–176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Targeted Analysis of Environmental Contaminants and Their Associations with Semen Health Factors in Men from New York City.","authors":"Trevor A Johnson, Sarah Adelman, Bobby B Najari, Joshua F Robinson, Linda G Kahn, Dimitri Abrahamsson","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00165","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Characterizing the chemical composition of semen can provide valuable insights into the exposome and environmental factors that directly affect seminal and overall health. In this study, we compared molecular profiles of 45 donated semen samples from general population New York City participants and examined the correlation between the chemical profiles in semen and fertility parameters, i.e., sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm morphology, and semen volume. Samples were prepared using a protein precipitation procedure and analyzed using liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Non-targeted analysis (NTA) revealed 18 chemicals not previously reported in human exposome studies, with 3-hydroxyoctanedioic acid, a cosmetic additive, emerging as a plausible candidate found to be at higher levels in cases vs controls (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and associated with adverse sperm motility and morphology. Four level 1 identified compounds were found to have associations with semen health parameters; dibutyl phthalate and 2-aminophenol negatively impacted motility, 4-nitrophenol was associated with low morphology, while palmitic acid was found to be associated with both low morphology and low volume. This study aims to utilize NTA to understand the association of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) along with a full chemical profile to find trends separating poor and normal semen health parameters from each other chemically. Our results suggest that the collective effects of many CECs could adversely affect semen quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"164-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerating Clean Energy Transitions to Safeguard Human Health and Survival","authors":"Shilu Tong*,&nbsp;Hilary Bambrick,&nbsp;Xiaoming Shi,&nbsp;Mathilde Pascal,&nbsp;Jason Prior and Eric Lavigne,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0015110.1021/envhealth.4c00151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00151https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00151","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The year 2023 was the warmest year in the 174-year global instrumental record. The year was also marked by a series of climate-related extreme events, including heat waves, storms, and wildfires that caused widespread economic and health impacts. The 28th Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change called for transitioning away from fossil fuels and accelerating action in this critical decade. All countries must move rapidly toward net zero emissions and scale up their action to ensure achievement of the Paris climate goals–viz., limiting the global temperature increase from preindustrial levels to well below 2 °C and pursuing efforts to keep it below 1.5 °C. There is growing concern about whether the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C is still achievable. We believe that it is still possible to limit warming to 1.5 °C if we take seven essential actions so human health and survival can be safeguarded: scaling up the energy transition to achieve carbon neutrality before the middle of this century; rapidly phasing out the construction of new fossil fuel exploration and infrastructure; enforcing an international carbon price; tightening emission targets across both the global north and south; promoting and adopting low-consumption lifestyle as the social norm; engaging in transformative change to simultaneously act on climate, biodiversity, equity, human health, and well-being; and boosting collective efforts and strengthening international cooperation.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"114–117 114–117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the Natural Attenuation of Cyanotoxins: Dissipation, Transformation Pathways, and Genotoxicity.","authors":"Jinlu Feng, Claude Kiki, Xi Li, Qian Sun, Feng Zhao","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00149","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are toxic cyanotoxins frequently found in drinking water sources, posing significant health risks. This study conducted a microcosm experiment using surface lake water exposed to sunlight to investigate the natural attenuation processes of MC-LR and CYN. Results indicated that photodegradation plays a crucial role in the natural attenuation of cyanotoxins. The half-lives of MC-LR and CYN were 1 and 7 days in summer under a combined effect of direct and indirect photodegradation, respectively. The effectiveness of these natural processes varied seasonally, with faster dissipation rates observed during summer. Bacterial degradation notably affected only MC-LR in summer, with a negligible effect on CYN. The identified transformation products showed that the conversion of MC-LR involved oxidation, hydroxylation, and/or bond cleavage with Adda and Mdha moieties, while it entails the oxidation of the tricyclic guanidine moiety and opening of the uracil ring for CYN. The Ames assay confirmed that these transformation products from the natural attenuation of MC-LR and CYN did not induce genotoxicity or mutagenicity. While these findings enhance our understanding of natural attenuation mechanisms, they also offer valuable insights that could guide artificial control strategies or improve the efficiency of cyanotoxin management. However, natural degradation processes alone, particularly in large water bodies, may be insufficient to fully mitigate cyanotoxin risks, highlighting the continued need for comprehensive management approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"154-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerating Clean Energy Transitions to Safeguard Human Health and Survival.","authors":"Shilu Tong, Hilary Bambrick, Xiaoming Shi, Mathilde Pascal, Jason Prior, Eric Lavigne","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00151","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The year 2023 was the warmest year in the 174-year global instrumental record. The year was also marked by a series of climate-related extreme events, including heat waves, storms, and wildfires that caused widespread economic and health impacts. The 28th Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change called for transitioning away from fossil fuels and accelerating action in this critical decade. All countries must move rapidly toward net zero emissions and scale up their action to ensure achievement of the Paris climate goals-viz., limiting the global temperature increase from preindustrial levels to well below 2 °C and pursuing efforts to keep it below 1.5 °C. There is growing concern about whether the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C is still achievable. We believe that it is still possible to limit warming to 1.5 °C if we take seven essential actions so human health and survival can be safeguarded: scaling up the energy transition to achieve carbon neutrality before the middle of this century; rapidly phasing out the construction of new fossil fuel exploration and infrastructure; enforcing an international carbon price; tightening emission targets across both the global north and south; promoting and adopting low-consumption lifestyle as the social norm; engaging in transformative change to simultaneously act on climate, biodiversity, equity, human health, and well-being; and boosting collective efforts and strengthening international cooperation.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"114-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the Natural Attenuation of Cyanotoxins: Dissipation, Transformation Pathways, and Genotoxicity","authors":"Jinlu Feng,&nbsp;Claude Kiki,&nbsp;Xi Li,&nbsp;Qian Sun* and Feng Zhao,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0014910.1021/envhealth.4c00149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00149https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00149","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are toxic cyanotoxins frequently found in drinking water sources, posing significant health risks. This study conducted a microcosm experiment using surface lake water exposed to sunlight to investigate the natural attenuation processes of MC-LR and CYN. Results indicated that photodegradation plays a crucial role in the natural attenuation of cyanotoxins. The half-lives of MC-LR and CYN were 1 and 7 days in summer under a combined effect of direct and indirect photodegradation, respectively. The effectiveness of these natural processes varied seasonally, with faster dissipation rates observed during summer. Bacterial degradation notably affected only MC-LR in summer, with a negligible effect on CYN. The identified transformation products showed that the conversion of MC-LR involved oxidation, hydroxylation, and/or bond cleavage with Adda and Mdha moieties, while it entails the oxidation of the tricyclic guanidine moiety and opening of the uracil ring for CYN. The Ames assay confirmed that these transformation products from the natural attenuation of MC-LR and CYN did not induce genotoxicity or mutagenicity. While these findings enhance our understanding of natural attenuation mechanisms, they also offer valuable insights that could guide artificial control strategies or improve the efficiency of cyanotoxin management. However, natural degradation processes alone, particularly in large water bodies, may be insufficient to fully mitigate cyanotoxin risks, highlighting the continued need for comprehensive management approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"154–163 154–163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnt Plastic (Pyroplastic) from the M/V <i>X-Press Pearl</i> Ship Fire and Plastic Spill Contain Compounds That Activate Endocrine and Metabolism-Related Human and Fish Transcription Factors.","authors":"Bryan D James, Alexander V Medvedev, Lyubov A Medvedeva, Elena Martsen, Kristen L Gorman, Benjamin Lin, Sergei S Makarov, Lihini I Aluwihare, Asha de Vos, Christopher M Reddy, Mark E Hahn","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00172","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In May 2021, the M/V <i>X-Press Pearl</i> ship fire disaster led to the largest maritime spill of resin pellets (nurdles) and burnt plastic (pyroplastic). Field samples collected from beaches in Sri Lanka nearest to the ship comprised nurdles and pieces of pyroplastic. Three years later, the toxicity of the spilled material remains unresolved. To begin understanding its potential toxicity, solvent extracts of the nurdles and pyroplastic were screened for their bioactivity by several Attagene FACTORIAL bioassays (TF, NR, and AquaTox), which measured the activity of a combined 70 human transcription factor response elements and nuclear receptors and 6 to 7 nuclear receptors for each of three phylogenetically distinct fish species. Extracts of the pyroplastics robustly activated end points for the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), estrogen receptor (ER), pregnane X receptor (PXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), retinoid X receptor (RXR), and oxidative stress (NRF2) and had the potential for activation of several others. The bioactivity profile of the pyroplastics was most similar (similarity score = 0.96) to that of probable human carcinogens benzo[<i>b</i>]fluoranthene and benzo[<i>k</i>]fluoranthene despite the extracts being a complex mixture of thousands of compounds. The activity diminished only slightly for extracts of pyroplastic collected eight months after the spill. The AquaTox FACTORIAL bioassay measured the activation of ERα, ERβ, androgen receptor (AR), PPARα, PPARγ, and RXRβ for human, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>), Japanese medaka (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>), and rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>), revealing species-specific sensitivities to the chemicals associated with the pyroplastics. These findings provide needed information to guide long-term monitoring efforts, make hazard assessments of the spilled material, and direct further research on pyroplastic, an emerging global contaminant.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"91-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnt Plastic (Pyroplastic) from the M/V X-Press Pearl Ship Fire and Plastic Spill Contain Compounds That Activate Endocrine and Metabolism-Related Human and Fish Transcription Factors","authors":"Bryan D. James*,&nbsp;Alexander V. Medvedev,&nbsp;Lyubov A. Medvedeva,&nbsp;Elena Martsen,&nbsp;Kristen L. Gorman,&nbsp;Benjamin Lin,&nbsp;Sergei S. Makarov,&nbsp;Lihini I. Aluwihare,&nbsp;Asha de Vos,&nbsp;Christopher M. Reddy and Mark E. Hahn,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0017210.1021/envhealth.4c00172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00172https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00172","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In May 2021, the M/V <i>X-Press Pearl</i> ship fire disaster led to the largest maritime spill of resin pellets (nurdles) and burnt plastic (pyroplastic). Field samples collected from beaches in Sri Lanka nearest to the ship comprised nurdles and pieces of pyroplastic. Three years later, the toxicity of the spilled material remains unresolved. To begin understanding its potential toxicity, solvent extracts of the nurdles and pyroplastic were screened for their bioactivity by several Attagene FACTORIAL bioassays (TF, NR, and AquaTox), which measured the activity of a combined 70 human transcription factor response elements and nuclear receptors and 6 to 7 nuclear receptors for each of three phylogenetically distinct fish species. Extracts of the pyroplastics robustly activated end points for the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), estrogen receptor (ER), pregnane X receptor (PXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), retinoid X receptor (RXR), and oxidative stress (NRF2) and had the potential for activation of several others. The bioactivity profile of the pyroplastics was most similar (similarity score = 0.96) to that of probable human carcinogens benzo[<i>b</i>]fluoranthene and benzo[<i>k</i>]fluoranthene despite the extracts being a complex mixture of thousands of compounds. The activity diminished only slightly for extracts of pyroplastic collected eight months after the spill. The AquaTox FACTORIAL bioassay measured the activation of ERα, ERβ, androgen receptor (AR), PPARα, PPARγ, and RXRβ for human, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>), Japanese medaka (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>), and rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>), revealing species-specific sensitivities to the chemicals associated with the pyroplastics. These findings provide needed information to guide long-term monitoring efforts, make hazard assessments of the spilled material, and direct further research on pyroplastic, an emerging global contaminant.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"91–101 91–101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143091619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Very Early Pregnancy Loss: The Role of PM_2.5 Exposure in IVF-ET Outcomes.","authors":"Xinlei Zhu, Haidong Kan","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00217","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"2 12","pages":"854-855"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Very Early Pregnancy Loss: The Role of PM2.5 Exposure in IVF-ET Outcomes","authors":"Xinlei Zhu,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Haidong Kan*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0021710.1021/envhealth.4c00217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00217https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"2 12","pages":"854–855 854–855"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}