Pulse最新文献

{"title":"Arterial stiffness and incident Diabetes","authors":"Ki-Chul Sung","doi":"10.1159/000535775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535775","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes may induce multiple organ damage, therefore, early detection of individuals at high-risk of incident diabetes is important for timely risk assessment and intervention. Arterial stiffness (AS) occurs as a result of functional and structural changes in the arterial wall. Growing body of evidence suggests that arterial stiffness is a risk factor for incident diabetes. Although each studies could use different indicators for AS (ex cf-PWV, baPWV etc), they came to similar conclusion that AS was associated with higher risk of incident diabetes. The underlying mechanisms for the relationship of AS with risk of diabetes remain to be elucidated, but there could be several potential mechanisms. Diabetes and AS are expected to share common risk factors and influence each other, but recent research showed some evidence that AS can directly increase the risk of diabetes. The link between AS and incident diabetes has important clinical implications. First, it suggests that AS might be a useful marker for identifying people at high risk for developing diabetes. Second, it suggests that reducing AS may prevent or delay the onset of diabetes. Early detection and possible slowing of the vascular stiffening process with pharmacological agents and lifestyle interventions may reduce associated risks for diabetes.","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"111 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and Incident Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Korean Adults","authors":"B. Kim, Hyun-Jin Kim, Jeong-Hun Shin","doi":"10.1159/000535580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535580","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with vascular dysfunction, one of the signs of which is arterial stiffness. Carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), which is considered the gold standard measure of arterial stiffness, can be estimated using two commonly assessed clinical variables: age and blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the association between estimated PWV (ePWV) and the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD among Korean adults.\u0000Methods: This study used data from the Ansan–Ansung Cohort Study, a subset of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, and included 8,336 adult participants with and without NAFLD at baseline. The participants were subdivided into three tertile groups according to ePWV.\u0000Results: At baseline, the prevalence of NAFLD was 10.5, 27.5, and 35.0% in the first (lowest), second, and third (highest) tertiles of ePWV, respectively. During the 18-year follow-up period, 2,467 (42.9%) incident cases of NAFLD were identified among 5,755 participants who did not have NAFLD at baseline. After adjustment for clinically relevant variables, participants in the second (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12–1.40) and third (adjusted HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.24–1.64) tertiles of ePWV had a significantly higher risk of incident NAFLD than those in the first tertile.\u0000Conclusion: Higher ePWV is independently associated with an elevated risk of NAFLD in the general population.\u0000","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"116 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of rare variants in 470,000 exome-sequenced UK Biobank participants implicates novel genes affecting risk of hypertension","authors":"David Curtis","doi":"10.1159/000535157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535157","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction A previous study of 200,000 exome-sequenced UK Biobank participants to test for association of rare coding variants with hypertension implicated two genes at exome-wide significance, DNMT3A and FES. A total of 42 genes had an uncorrected p value < 0.001. These results were followed up in a larger sample of 470,000 exome-sequenced participants. Methods Weighted burden analysis of rare coding variants in a new sample of 97,050 cases and 172,263 controls was carried out for these 42 genes. Those showing evidence for association were then analysed in the combined sample of 167,127 cases and 302,691 controls. Results The association of DNMT3A and FES with hypertension was replicated in the new sample and they and the previously implicated gene NPR1, which codes for a membrane bound guanylate cyclase, were all exome-wide significant in the combined sample. Also exome-wide significant as risk genes for hypertension were GUCY1A1, ASXL1 and SMAD6, while GUCY1B1 had a nominal p value of < 0.0001. GUCY1A1 and GUCY1B1 code for subunits of a soluble guanylate cyclase. For two genes, DBH, which codes for dopamine beta hydroxylase, and INPPL1, rare coding variants predicted to impair gene function were protective against hypertension, again with exome-wide significance. Conclusion The findings offer new insights into biological risk factors for hypertension which could be the subject of further investigation. In particular, genetic variants predicted to impair the function of either membrane-bound guanylate cyclase, activated by natriuretic peptides, or soluble guanylate cyclase, activated by nitric oxide, increase risk of hypertension. Conversely, variants impairing the function of dopamine beta hydroxylase, responsible for the synthesis of norepinephrine, reduce hypertension risk. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource.","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"54 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts book of Pulse of Asia 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000534378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000534378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134982047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pulse of Asia 2022 Tokyo","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000525603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525603","url":null,"abstract":"None<br />Pulse 2022;10:1–34","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138538170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation between Oscillometric Measurement of Central Hemodynamics and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients.","authors":"Masakazu Obayashi,&nbsp;Shigeki Kobayashi,&nbsp;Takuma Nanno,&nbsp;Yoriomi Hamada,&nbsp;Masafumi Yano","doi":"10.1159/000520006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The augmentation index (AIx) or central systolic blood pressure (SBP), measured by radial applanation tonometry, has been reported to be independently associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in Japanese hypertensive patients. Cuff-based oscillometric measurement of the AIx using Mobil-O-Graph® showed a low or moderate agreement with the AIx measurement with other devices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The AIx measured using the Mobil-O-Graph was validated against the tonometric measurements of the radial AIx measured using HEM-9000AI in 110 normotensive healthy individuals (age, 21-76 years; 50 men). We investigated the relationship between the central hemodynamics assessed using the Mobil-O-Graph and LVH in 100 hypertensive patients (age, 54-75 years; 48 men), presenting a wall thickness of ≥11 mm and ≥10 mm in men and women, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the Mobil-O-Graph-measured central AIx showed no negative values, it correlated moderately with the HEM-9000AI-measured radial AIx (<i>r</i> = 0.602, <i>p</i> < 0.001) in the normotensive individuals. The hypertensive patients did not show a significant difference in the central SBP between the sexes, but the central AIx was lower in men than in women. The independent determinants influencing left ventricle (LV) mass index (LVMI) (<i>R</i>² = 0.362; adjusted <i>R</i>² = 0.329, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were heart rate (β = -0.568 ± 0.149, <i>p</i> < 0.001), central SBP (β = 0.290 ± 0.100, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and aortic root diameter (β = 1.355 ± 0.344, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Age (β = -0.025 ± 0.124, <i>p</i> = 0.841) and the central AIx (β = 0.120 ± 0.131, <i>p</i> = 0.361) were not independently associated with the LVMI. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the central AIx for the presence of LVH (LVMI >118 g/m² in men or >108 g/m² in women) was statistically significant in men (0.875, <i>p</i> < 0.001) but not in women (0.622, <i>p</i> = 0.132). In men, a central AIx of 28.06% had a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 80.0% for detecting LVH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AIx measurement in men provided useful prognostic information for the presence of LVH. Pulse-wave analysis assessed using the Mobil-O-Graph may be a valuable tool for detecting LVH in hypertensive patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"9 3-4","pages":"116-124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8740281/pdf/pls-0009-0116.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39739620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of Microvascular Dysfunction and CHA₂DS₂-VASc Score in Patients with ST-Segment Myocardial Infarction after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.","authors":"Ragab A Mahfouz,&nbsp;Marwa M Gad,&nbsp;Mohamed Arab,&nbsp;Moei-E Deen Abulfotouh","doi":"10.1159/000520074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to investigate the relation between CHA₂DS₂-VASc score and microvascular dysfunction (MVD) assessed by the index of microvascular resistance (IMR) immediately after primary percutaneous intervention (PPCI) for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>The study included 115 consecutive patients with STEMI who underwent successful PPCI. Angiographic results of reperfusion were inspected to evaluate the association of high CHA₂DS₂-VASc score and IMR. Also, we assessed echocardiographic changes with respect to CHA₂DS₂-VASc score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects were stratified into 2 groups based on IMR </≥ 40 U; 72 patients (62.6) with IMR <40 U and 43 patients (37.4) with IMR ≥40 U. Patients with IMR ≥40 U had higher CHA₂DS₂-VASc score (<i>p</i> < 0.001). CHA₂DS₂-VASc score was significantly correlated with increased left atrial volume index, diastolic dysfunction, wall motion score index, and inversely correlated left ventricular ejection. Moreover, CHA₂DS₂-VASc score was strongly correlated with IMR (<i>p</i> < 0.001). At multivariate analysis, low systolic blood pressure, stent diameter, and CHA₂DS₂-VASc score were associated with MVD. Besides, CHA₂DS₂-VASc score ≥4 was the optimal value in predicting MVD (IMR ≥40) in STEMI patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data of the current study point out that increased CHA₂DS₂-VASc score, lower systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg, and stent diameter are associated with increased incidence of MVD (increased IMR) after PPCI of STEMI. We suggest that the CHA₂DS₂-VASc score may be a simple, inexpensive useful risk score for the prediction of MVD risk after PPCI for STEMI patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"9 3-4","pages":"125-132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8740007/pdf/pls-0009-0125.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39739621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating Serum Copper Is Associated with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, but Not Venous Thromboembolism: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Setor K Kunutsor,&nbsp;Richard S Dey,&nbsp;Jari A Laukkanen","doi":"10.1159/000519906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Serum copper has been linked to the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the potential association between serum copper and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is not known. The principal aim was to evaluate the potential prospective association between serum copper and VTE risk. A secondary aim was to confirm or refute previously reported associations between serum copper and atherosclerotic CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum copper was measured at baseline using atomic absorption spectrometry in 2,492 men aged 42-61 years without a history of VTE in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease prospective cohort study. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for VTE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 27.0 years, 166 VTE events occurred. The risk of VTE per 1 standard deviation increase in serum copper in age-adjusted analysis was HR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.88-1.20, which was attenuated to HR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.82-1.19, following further adjustment for several established and emerging risk factors. Comparing the top versus bottom tertiles of serum copper, the corresponding adjusted HRs were 1.16 (95% CI: 0.80-1.66) and 1.11 (95% CI: 0.74-1.68), respectively. In 1,901 men without a history of coronary heart disease (CHD), the multivariable-adjusted HR for CHD was 1.32 (95% CI: 1.10-1.59) comparing extreme tertiles of serum copper.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In middle-aged Finnish men, we confirmed previously reported associations between high serum copper levels and increased risk of atherosclerotic CVD, but serum copper was not associated with future VTE risk. Other large-scale prospective studies conducted in women, other age-groups, and other populations are needed to confirm or refute these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"9 3-4","pages":"109-115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8739646/pdf/pls-0009-0109.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39739619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brachial Artery \"Low-Flow Mediated Constriction\" Is Associated with Myocardial Perfusion Defect Severity and Mediated by an Altered Flow Pattern during Occlusion.","authors":"Smriti Badhwar,&nbsp;Dinu S Chandran,&nbsp;Ashok K Jaryal,&nbsp;Rajiv Narang,&nbsp;Chetan Patel,&nbsp;Kishore Kumar Deepak","doi":"10.1159/000519558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The relationship between low flow-mediated constriction (LFMC), a new proposed measure of endothelial function, with cardiovascular disease severity and its hypothesized stimulus, that is, low flow, has not been comprehensively evaluated. The study evaluated association between change in brachial artery diameter during constriction with severity of myocardial perfusion defect (PD) and alterations in different components of flow profile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Brachial artery responses to occlusion were assessed in 91 patients and 30 healthy subjects. Change in anterograde and retrograde blood flow velocities (delta anterograde blood flow velocity and retrograde blood flow velocity), anterograde shear rate and retrograde shear rate (delta ASR and RSR, respectively), and oscillatory shear index (delta) during forearm occlusion at 50 mm Hg above systolic pressure, from baseline was calculated. Myocardial perfusion was evaluated in patients using exercise single positron emission computed tomography and % myocardial PD was calculated from summed stress score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LFMC emerged as independent predictor of defect severity after correcting for age and gender (<i>p</i> = 0.014). Sixty-seven patients (73.6%) and 15 healthy subjects (50%) showed constriction during occlusion. In stepwise backward regression analysis, RSR contributed 35.5% and ASR contributed 20.1% of the total 63.9% variability in artery diameter during occlusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that LFMC is independently associated with myocardial perfusion severity and is \"mediated\" by an altered flow profile during occlusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"9 3-4","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8738914/pdf/pls-0009-0099.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39739618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Arterial Stiffness, Brachial Haemodynamics, and Central Haemodynamics in Diabetic Hypertensives: A Pulse Wave Analysis-Based Case-Control Study from an Urban Area of West India.","authors":"Jayesh Dalpatbhai Solanki,&nbsp;Sunil J Panjwani,&nbsp;Ravi Kanubhai Patel,&nbsp;Devanshi Nishantbhai Bhatt,&nbsp;Param Jagdeep Kakadia,&nbsp;Chinmay J Shah","doi":"10.1159/000519357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes frequently coexist, imposing significant cardiovascular risk that is normally studied in terms of brachial blood pressure (bBP). Direct and superior parameters like central haemodynamics and arterial stiffness are studied scarcely. Pulse wave analysis (PWA) offers a non-invasive measurement of the same that we studied in diabetic hypertensives.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a case-control study on 333 treated diabetic hypertensive cases and 333 euglycaemic normotensive controls. Oscillometric PWA was performed by Mobil-o-Graph (IEM, Aachen, Germany). Parameters were further analysed in relation to gender, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), glycaemic control, blood pressure control, and disease duration (cut-off 5 years). Multiple linear regressions were done to find significant associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cases had significantly higher brachial haemodynamics (blood pressure, heart rate (HR), and rate pressure product); arterial stiffness measures (augmentation pressure, augmentation index, pulse wave velocity, total arterial stiffness, and pulse pressure amplification), and central haemodynamics (central blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke work) than controls. In the case group, female gender, BMI ≥23, and uncontrolled blood pressures were significant factors that affected the results while other factors such as glycaemic control, physical activity, and duration did not. HR was significantly associated with study parameters. Brachial pressures were not significantly associated with corresponding aortic pressures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diabetic hypertensives had adverse profile of cardiovascular parameters beyond bBP, related to female gender, and HTN and its control, more than that of diabetes. This baseline work suggests further study on these potential parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"9 3-4","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8739359/pdf/pls-0009-0089.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39739617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}