Pulse最新文献

{"title":"The Use of Coronary Imaging for Predicting Future Cardiovascular Events.","authors":"Jung-Joon Cha, Soon Jun Hong, Subin Lim, Ju Hyeon Kim, Hyung Joon Joo, Jae Hyoung Park, Cheol Woong Yu, Do-Sun Lim","doi":"10.1159/000538044","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite advancements in coronary artery disease (CAD) treatment with drug-eluting stent, its morbidity and mortality remain high. In context, intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is increasingly recommended for better clinical outcomes in patient with CAD. Near-infrared spectroscopy-intravascular ultrasound (NIRS-IVUS), as one of the intravascular imaging methods, is effective in detecting lipid-rich plaques, which is crucial for identifying high-risk or vulnerable plaques employing near-infrared light. High lipid core burden, as identified by NIRS-IVUS, correlates with an increased risk of adverse cardiac events and shows varying degrees of efficacy in plaque management and event prevention.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This article addresses about how NIRS-IVUS can be used to predict event of CAD. The study highlights the crucial role of NIRS-IVUS in predicting future cardiovascular events. Findings indicate that the presence of high lipid core burden is related to increased risks of periprocedural myocardial infarction and reduced coronary flow during PCI. The study also outlines the predictive value of NIRS-IVUS in non-culprit lesions, where plaques with high lipid core burden significantly increase the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events as demonstrated in the PROSPECT II trial. In terms of therapeutic strategies, the study reviews the effectiveness of high-intensity lipid-lowering strategies in stabilizing vulnerable plaques, as evidenced in trials such as the YELLOW and PACMAN AMI trials.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>NIRS-IVUS emerges as a valuable diagnostic tool in treating CAD. It effectively identifies vulnerable plaques and aids in predicting and preventing future adverse cardiac events. However, to enhance its practicality and promote widespread adoption in clinical settings, further long-term outcome research of NIRS-IVUS-guided PCI is necessary. These efforts can potentially make NIRS-IVUS a more accessible and indispensable tool in cardiovascular disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"12 1","pages":"34-39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11001285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Variants Associated with Hypertension Risk: Progress and Implications.","authors":"David Curtis","doi":"10.1159/000536505","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genetic variants causing diseases with hypertension as a secondary feature have previously been identified. Studies focussing on primary hypertension have utilised common and latterly rare genetic variants in attempts to elucidate the genetic contribution to the risk of primary hypertension.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Using genome-wide association studies (GWASs), associations of hypertension with hundreds of common genetic variants have been reported, implicating thousands of genes. Individual variants have small effect sizes and cumulatively account for around 6% of genetic risk. The common variant signal is enriched for relevant tissues and physiological processes, while some variants are associated with traits expected to have secondary impacts on hypertension risk, such as fruit intake, BMI, or time watching television. Studies using rare variants obtained from exome sequence data have implicated a small number of genes for which impaired function has moderate effects on blood pressure and/or hypertension risk. Notably, genetic variants which impair elements of guanylate cyclase activation, stimulated by either natriuretic hormones or nitric oxide, increase hypertension risk. Conversely, variants impairing dopamine beta-hydroxylase or renin production are associated with lower blood pressure. Variants for which a definite effect can be designated remain cumulatively extremely rare and again make only a small contribution to overall genetic risk. Although these results are of interest, it is not clear that they provide radical new insights or identify drug targets which were not previously known. Nor does it seem that genetic testing could be useful in terms of quantifying disease risk or guiding treatment.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Research has increased our knowledge about the relationship between naturally occurring genetic variation and risk of hypertension. Although some results serve to confirm our understanding of underlying physiology, their value in terms of potentially leading to practical advances in the management of hypertension appears questionable.</p>","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"12 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10890806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arterial stiffness and incident Diabetes","authors":"Ki-Chul Sung","doi":"10.1159/000535775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535775","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes may induce multiple organ damage, therefore, early detection of individuals at high-risk of incident diabetes is important for timely risk assessment and intervention. Arterial stiffness (AS) occurs as a result of functional and structural changes in the arterial wall. Growing body of evidence suggests that arterial stiffness is a risk factor for incident diabetes. Although each studies could use different indicators for AS (ex cf-PWV, baPWV etc), they came to similar conclusion that AS was associated with higher risk of incident diabetes. The underlying mechanisms for the relationship of AS with risk of diabetes remain to be elucidated, but there could be several potential mechanisms. Diabetes and AS are expected to share common risk factors and influence each other, but recent research showed some evidence that AS can directly increase the risk of diabetes. The link between AS and incident diabetes has important clinical implications. First, it suggests that AS might be a useful marker for identifying people at high risk for developing diabetes. Second, it suggests that reducing AS may prevent or delay the onset of diabetes. Early detection and possible slowing of the vascular stiffening process with pharmacological agents and lifestyle interventions may reduce associated risks for diabetes.","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"111 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and Incident Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Korean Adults","authors":"B. Kim, Hyun-Jin Kim, Jeong-Hun Shin","doi":"10.1159/000535580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535580","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with vascular dysfunction, one of the signs of which is arterial stiffness. Carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), which is considered the gold standard measure of arterial stiffness, can be estimated using two commonly assessed clinical variables: age and blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the association between estimated PWV (ePWV) and the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD among Korean adults.\u0000Methods: This study used data from the Ansan–Ansung Cohort Study, a subset of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, and included 8,336 adult participants with and without NAFLD at baseline. The participants were subdivided into three tertile groups according to ePWV.\u0000Results: At baseline, the prevalence of NAFLD was 10.5, 27.5, and 35.0% in the first (lowest), second, and third (highest) tertiles of ePWV, respectively. During the 18-year follow-up period, 2,467 (42.9%) incident cases of NAFLD were identified among 5,755 participants who did not have NAFLD at baseline. After adjustment for clinically relevant variables, participants in the second (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12–1.40) and third (adjusted HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.24–1.64) tertiles of ePWV had a significantly higher risk of incident NAFLD than those in the first tertile.\u0000Conclusion: Higher ePWV is independently associated with an elevated risk of NAFLD in the general population.\u0000","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"116 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of rare variants in 470,000 exome-sequenced UK Biobank participants implicates novel genes affecting risk of hypertension","authors":"David Curtis","doi":"10.1159/000535157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535157","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction A previous study of 200,000 exome-sequenced UK Biobank participants to test for association of rare coding variants with hypertension implicated two genes at exome-wide significance, DNMT3A and FES. A total of 42 genes had an uncorrected p value < 0.001. These results were followed up in a larger sample of 470,000 exome-sequenced participants. Methods Weighted burden analysis of rare coding variants in a new sample of 97,050 cases and 172,263 controls was carried out for these 42 genes. Those showing evidence for association were then analysed in the combined sample of 167,127 cases and 302,691 controls. Results The association of DNMT3A and FES with hypertension was replicated in the new sample and they and the previously implicated gene NPR1, which codes for a membrane bound guanylate cyclase, were all exome-wide significant in the combined sample. Also exome-wide significant as risk genes for hypertension were GUCY1A1, ASXL1 and SMAD6, while GUCY1B1 had a nominal p value of < 0.0001. GUCY1A1 and GUCY1B1 code for subunits of a soluble guanylate cyclase. For two genes, DBH, which codes for dopamine beta hydroxylase, and INPPL1, rare coding variants predicted to impair gene function were protective against hypertension, again with exome-wide significance. Conclusion The findings offer new insights into biological risk factors for hypertension which could be the subject of further investigation. In particular, genetic variants predicted to impair the function of either membrane-bound guanylate cyclase, activated by natriuretic peptides, or soluble guanylate cyclase, activated by nitric oxide, increase risk of hypertension. Conversely, variants impairing the function of dopamine beta hydroxylase, responsible for the synthesis of norepinephrine, reduce hypertension risk. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource.","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"54 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts book of Pulse of Asia 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000534378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000534378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134982047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pulse of Asia 2022 Tokyo","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000525603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525603","url":null,"abstract":"None<br />Pulse 2022;10:1–34","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138538170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Chikungunya Virus and Dengue Virus in Blood at Clinical Presentation by Real Time RT-PCR","authors":"MM Rahman, R Rahim, AH Rasel, AS Murad","doi":"10.3329/pulse.v10i1.38605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/pulse.v10i1.38605","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chikungunya viral infection in Bangladesh has marked 2017 summer with unprecedented magnitude for the first time. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Dengue virus (DENV) are arboviruses that share the same Aedes mosquito vectors and thus overlap in their endemic areas.These two viruses cause similar clinical presentations, especially in the initial stages of infection. Because the outcomes and management strategies for these two viruses are different, early and accurate diagnosis is imperative. Early diagnosis is also important for surveillance and outbreak control. Objective: As virus isolation is not undergoing in the country and antigen based commercial detection assay is not available for CHIKV we used one step real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method to detect and discriminate CHIKV and DENV in blood during suspicious clinical symptoms. Results: By this RT-PCR method we have detected 603 cases of CHIKV and 233 cases of DENV and thus facilitated rapid diagnosis and clinical management in the recent CHIKV outbreaks in the country. Conclusion: This is the first report about molecular detection and differentiation of CHIKV and DENV at time of clinical presentation and further show evidence of simultaneous outbreaks of both the viral infections in the country. Pulse Vol.10 January-December 2017 p.6-11","PeriodicalId":29774,"journal":{"name":"Pulse","volume":"122 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2018-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138505779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}