{"title":"The Spaces of Domestic Religion in Late Antique Egypt","authors":"D. Frankfurter","doi":"10.1515/arege-2016-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2016-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Domestic religion-or family religion, or household religion-should be considered as a cluster of concerns and orientations, not just “religion in the home.” More importantly, the ritual resolution of these concerns is typically pursued- by the agents of domestic religion (more often women)-in a variety of places, not just in the home: that is, the local environment and neighborhood and even further afield. For example, a pilgrimage shrine is not in itself a phenomenon of domestic religion; it is its own religious phenomenon. But it is in the nature of domestic religion to include that pilgrimage shrine as part of a “domestic” topography of ritual spaces. This is the kind of extra-domestic space that this paper addresses.","PeriodicalId":29740,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur Religionsgeschichte","volume":"18-19 1","pages":"24 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/arege-2016-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48658014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Missing Sacrament? Foot-washing, Gender, and Space in Early Christianity","authors":"A. Mcgowan","doi":"10.1515/arege-2016-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2016-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although the story recounted in John 13 has often been taken to suggest a communal foot-washing practice existed in some Christian communities, the actual evidence for foot-washing in earliest Christianity suggests not a communal ritual, but women and particularly widows washing the feet of prisoners and others confined and in need. This custom seems to have waned across the third and fourth centuries as expectations of gender roles, liturgical practice, and space shifted, while different readings of the John 13 story encouraged a variety of newer, communal, and more public foot-washing practices, including those connected to initiation, and the monastic communal washings that underlie the medieval and later pedilavium.","PeriodicalId":29740,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur Religionsgeschichte","volume":"18-19 1","pages":"105 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/arege-2016-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41780168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"King Osiris and Lord Sarapis","authors":"Nicolas Cacace","doi":"10.1515/arege-2016-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2016-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Osiris and Sarapis find their common origin in the funeral field. The articulation between the two gods has been demonstrated through another osirian form, Osiris-Apis. However, the two gods are not separated from each other following the cultural context of evocation. According to the bilingual funeral documentation of Greco-Roman Egypt, they appear jointly: Osiris can be pictured and listed, Sarapis only called. From these specific sources, it is possible to understand the link between Osiris and Sarapis, in particular through their divine sovereignty. This royal function is particularly linked with the osirian rites of Khoiak, the celebration of the divine burial of Osiris, and the renewal of his sovereign power over the world. Nevertheless, if “King Osiris” and “Lord Sarapis” are jointly present and can reach each other through some common ways, the relationships established between them in Coptos, Abydos and Terenouthis, appear as factors of separation. The living and the dead wished to reach the eternity, following Osiris’ example, or requested the divine justice; but using Egyptian or Greek vocabulary, they could not unite them. Osiris and Sarapis are jointly present, but always separated, because their cultural expressions reveal two dynamics opposed.","PeriodicalId":29740,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur Religionsgeschichte","volume":"18-19 1","pages":"285 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/arege-2016-0015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41793604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“When the Saints Go Marching in”. Gregory of Tours and his domestic Oratory","authors":"K. Greschat","doi":"10.1515/arege-2016-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2016-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the Glory to the Confessors 20 Gregory of Tours describes how he establishes an oratory for the veneration of the relics of Martin of Tours, Julian of Brioude, Saturninus of Toulouse, and Illidius of Clermont in his own house. This paper will show that Gregory does not only establish his personal relic cult in honor of members of his family or their patron saints to promote his family and himself, but that he uses elements of the Roman domestic cult together with the ceremonies of dedication and adventus of the saints in order to demonstrate that he is the rightful bishop of Tours and a powerful aristocratic leader of his civitas.","PeriodicalId":29740,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur Religionsgeschichte","volume":"18-19 1","pages":"157 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/arege-2016-0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44935863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sacra Privata, Family Duties, and the Dead: Insights from the Fathers and Cultural Anthropology","authors":"Ulrich Volp","doi":"10.1515/arege-2016-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2016-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract When discussing boundaries between domestic and public religion, society and family, a look at ancient rites and rituals proves to be illuminating despite the given difficulties in reconstructing non-verbal ritual acts through verbal texts and archeaological remains. Ever since the discipline’s origins in the 18th and 19th century, cultural anthropology has attempted to describe, analyse and systematize the ritual functions of defining and maintaining boundaries between different realms and stages of human life. The essay endeavours to investigate some more and some less successful attempts by the Church Fathers to come to terms with complicated ritual dynamics, and suggests ways to access critically historical plausibilities of claims made by the ancient sources.","PeriodicalId":29740,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur Religionsgeschichte","volume":"18-19 1","pages":"171 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/arege-2016-0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41445649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Domestic religion, family life and the apocryphal Acts of the Apostles","authors":"Marco Frenschkowski","doi":"10.1515/arege-2016-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2016-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Exploring the ancient family and household religion is still a field of surprises and possible discoveries, especially as the question of sources and their possible evidential value is far from obvious. Interviews and strict statistical studies not being available, we have to do the second best thing, and survey all possible sources for the kind of information they may possibly yield. Only in juxtaposition of as many sources as possible, and with corroborative evidence from different quarters an image will emerge that spans different social strata and allows for a detailed and diversified perception. How are private, personal, family and public expressions of “religion” interconnected? And very simply, where does “religion” take place? Christianity as a missionary movement competes with traditional religions and ritual systems, and to some degree is also defined by this competition.1 How is religion expressed in household artefacts and rituals of everyday life? As Christianity originally was a religion of radical reduction of ritual complexity compared to ancient public ritual life2, it is of special importance to look out for all information we can get about domestic religion in its earlier centuries. Non-Christians in antiquity will have quickly observed what Christians do not have: sacrifices, temples, public shrines and dedication inscriptions, oracles, asylums and hikesia, mysteries, fumigations, libations, publicly visible purification rites, processions, dances, service of cult images, contests and games and other public performances, consecration rituals, cult places of traditional renown and complex personnel, taboo and eating rules (though fasting is well-known), and others. It did have of course prayers, banquets, some sacramental rites (radically reduced compared to pagan ritual life) and congregational meetings of different kinds (not to forget cemetery rituals, only recently acknowledged as central for early Christianity)3, and it slowly developed its own cult personnel,","PeriodicalId":29740,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur Religionsgeschichte","volume":"18-19 1","pages":"123 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/arege-2016-0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49381491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The roles of Isis in Roman domestic cults: A study of the “Isis-Fortuna” bronze statuettes from the Vesuvian area 37","authors":"Nicola Amoroso","doi":"10.1515/arege-2016-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2016-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Among the material evidence related to the Isiac cults, the so-called “Isis- Fortuna” bronze statuettes are well attested throughout the Roman world. These objects were mainly discovered in domestic contexts with other divine figurines. Based on a survey of the archaeological and iconographic evidence for “Isis-Fortuna” from the Vesuvian area, this paper aims at examining the contexts of production and the geographical distribution of the bronze statuettes. In view of the information already published, we need to provide new answers by analysing how these images were created, transformed and/or adapted in specific contexts or geographical areas. Insofar as the images of Isis were commonly combined with elements borrowed from other deities, the iconographic type of “Isis-Fortuna” raises serious questions about terminology, typology and the so-called “syncretic phenomenon”. These questions will be discussed in the light of the preliminary results of our research, trying to frame the historico-religious background that conditioned the role(s) of Isis in Roman domestic cults.","PeriodicalId":29740,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur Religionsgeschichte","volume":"18-19 1","pages":"37 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/arege-2016-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45974519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Re-envisioning Ekklēsia Space: Evidence of the Flexible Use of Household Space for Religious Instruction and Practice in the Pastoral Epistles","authors":"M. Macdonald","doi":"10.1515/arege-2016-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2016-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While the Pastoral Epistles do not explicitly mention church groups meeting in houses, they are infused with household ethics and preoccupations. The purpose of the essay is to challenge dominant notions of religious instruction and practice being restricted to communal gatherings of the ekklēsia. Drawing especially on scholarship on education in the Roman world, it is argued that a much more flexible use of household space framed the life of early church communities involving a merging of aspects of home and school.","PeriodicalId":29740,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur Religionsgeschichte","volume":"18-19 1","pages":"104 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/arege-2016-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42417660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Location of Domestic Rituals in the Roman Empire: An Interprovincial Comparison","authors":"G. Schörner","doi":"10.1515/arege-2016-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2016-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Concerning the location of domestic cults a homogenous practice within the entire Roman empire is generally assumed. When the placement of domestic shrines and other cultic installations is discussed, it is usually in terms of conceptual differentiations like private or public spaces (atrium, peristyle vs. kitchen, cubicula). In so far, however, the problem arises, that ‘privateness’ as a modern concept is difficult to grasp in Roman houses. In contrast to that problem-laden approach the paper focuses on the physical setting of domestic shrines within the house. Based on methods of architectural sociology the location of these cultic installations, their accessibility and their integration into the domestic structure are analysed and measured. These quantifiable parameters enable interprovincial comparisons: Using the best-known structures in the Vesuvius area as a starting point and comparative basis the location and shape in different regions of the Roman Empire are examined with the result that the setting and design of domestic shrines and the ritual activities taking place there are characterized by the use of Italic models, the transmission of local traditions or even the development of new forms.","PeriodicalId":29740,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur Religionsgeschichte","volume":"18-19 1","pages":"25 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/arege-2016-0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67354140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}