Hepatology Forum最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of triglyceride-glucose index and anthropometric obesity indices in predicting severe grades of hepatic steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among non-diabetic obese individuals.","authors":"Huseyin Karaaslan, Hasan Inan, Alper Tunga Turkmen, Ismail Altintas, Nida Uyar, Mehmet Ali Eren","doi":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0049","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The triglyceride glucose index (TyG) has been proposed as a promising indicator of both insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the efficacy of the TyG index in predicting NAFLD has not been adequately studied, particularly in obese individuals.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We analyzed 190 morbidly obese individuals. The TyG index, anthropometric obesity indices, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), and biochemical parameters were compared. NAFLD was diagnosed by hepatic ultrasonography and classified into four grades (0, 1, 2, and 3). Individuals in grades 2 and 3 are considered to have severe steatosis, while those in grades 0 and 1 do not.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The area under the curve (AUC) values of the TyG index, body mass index, neck circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio, and HOMA-IR did not differ significantly in predicting severe steatosis (0.640, 0.742, 0.725, 0.620, and 0.624 respectively). However, the AUC values of waist circumference and alanine aminotransferase provided better predictions than the TyG index (0.782, 0.744, and 0.640 respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TyG index is highly effective in predicting both the presence and severity of NAFLD. However, it did not outperform simple obesity indices in predicting NAFLD and its severity in obese patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal testing strategies for incidental anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody-positive patients.","authors":"Ilkay Ergenc, Busra Gozaydinoglu, Caglayan Keklikkiran, Yusuf Yilmaz","doi":"10.14744/hf.2024.2024.0007","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2024.2024.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From NAFLD to MASLD: Meta-analysis and systematic review of NAFLD patients in Turkiye in terms of metabolic profile and MASLD potential.","authors":"Sevginur Akdas, Nuray Yazihan","doi":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0042","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is both a cause and a consequence of metabolic disturbances. Consequently, the disease term has recently changed to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). Turkiye is one of the leading countries with high incidences of diseases such as diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver. This study aims to identify the metabolic parameters and MASLD potential of NAFLD in Turkiye. All NAFLD studies conducted in Turkiye were systematically searched using the keywords \"fatty liver disease\" AND \" Turkiye \" on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A total of 2653 articles were scanned, and 120 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. The metabolic parameters were meta-analyzed from a broad perspective. According to the meta-analysis results, there were significant increases in waist circumferences (mean difference: 10.90, p<0.00001), HOMA-IR (mean difference: 2.13, p<0.00001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (mean difference: 17.82, p<0.00001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mean difference: 5.86, p<0.00001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (mean difference: 0.95, p<0.00001). These parameters are representative biochemical findings of disturbed glucose metabolism, lipid profile, blood pressure, and acute phase response mechanisms. Furthermore, the analysis of all related parameters commonly found among the articles confirmed these metabolic dysfunctions. NAFLD is a metabolic disease that encompasses multiple pathways related to glucose and lipid metabolism, vascular function, inflammation, and acute phase responses. Additionally, our results suggest that Turkish NAFLD patients identified in previous studies mostly have MASLD. This is the first meta-analysis study indicating changes in metabolism-related parameters with a cumulative meta-analysis of all Turkish NAFLD studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution and revolution of artificial intelligence in hepatology: From current applications to future paradigms.","authors":"Cem Simsek","doi":"10.14744/hf.2024.2024.ed0001","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2024.2024.ed0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross talk between genetics and biochemistry in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Mete Ucdal, Ayse Burus, Basak Celtikci","doi":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0028","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The liver is a crucial organ in the regulation of metabolism, signaling, and homeostasis. Using recent advanced sequencing technologies, several mutations of genes in major metabolic and signaling pathways have been discovered in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These gene signatures alter expression and ultimately affect biochemical pathways by modifying enzyme/protein levels, resulting in numerous clinical outcomes related to HCC. It comes with varying forms of genetic and biochemical alterations, associated with carbohydrate, lipid, nucleic acid, and amino acid metabolism, as well as signaling pathways linked to tumorigenesis. Here, we aim to summarize the main components and mechanisms involved in the progression of HCC with a special focus on the metabolic regulation of key effectors of tumorigenesis, through the crosstalk between genetics and biochemistry. This paper provides an overview of hepatocellular carcinoma, underlying the fundamental effect of gene variations on metabolic and signaling pathways. Since there is still an unmet need for biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets, some of these signature genes or proteins can be used as novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and novel potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into COVID-19 associated liver injury: Mechanisms, evaluation, and clinical implications.","authors":"Nosheen Nasir, Iffat Khanum, Kiren Habib, Abdullah Wagley, Aleena Arshad, Atif Majeed","doi":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0025","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 has affected millions worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality. While predominantly involving the respiratory tract, SARS-CoV-2 has also caused systemic illnesses involving other sites. Liver injury due to COVID-19 has been variably reported in observational studies. It has been postulated that liver damage may be due to direct damage by the SARS-CoV-2 virus or multifactorial secondary to hepatotoxic therapeutic options, as well as cytokine release syndrome and sepsis-induced multiorgan dysfunction. The approach to a COVID-19 patient with liver injury requires a thorough evaluation of the pattern of hepatocellular injury, along with the presence of underlying chronic liver disease and concurrent medications which may cause drug-induced liver injury. While studies have shown uneventful recovery in the majority of mildly affected patients, severe COVID-19 associated liver injury has been associated with higher mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and greater morbidity in survivors. Furthermore, its impact on long-term outcomes remains to be ascertained as recent studies report an association with metabolic-fatty liver disease. This present review provides insight into the subject by describing the postulated mechanism of liver injury, its impact in the presence of pre-existing liver disease, and its short- and long-term clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The preliminary data of gene expressions and bioinformatics analysis of miR-146b-5p and miR-4510 in the Turkish population in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Duygu Bircan Kadioglu, Coskun Ozer Demirtas, Dilek Pirim, Feyza Dilber, Fatih Eren","doi":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0054","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>It is reported that miRNAs play an important role in hepatocellular carcinogenesis and may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MiR-4510 and miR-146b-5p expression levels have been found to be associated with HCC. However, their associations with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC (HBV-HCC) are yet to be explored. We aimed to assess the predictive value of expression levels of serum miR-4510 and miR-146b-5p in patients with HBV-HCC and performed bioinformatics analyses based on the miRNA expression profile.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used the serum of 16 patients with Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB), 15 hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis (HBV-cirrhosis), 15 HBV-HCC, and 16 healthy subjects. The total RNA was isolated from serum, and the expression of miRNAs was measured by qRT-PCR, calculated using the 2^-ΔΔCt methods. MIENTURNET was used to predict miRNA-target gene interactions. The Network Analyst was used to build protein-protein interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in miR-146b-5p between study groups (p=0.009). MiR-146b-5p expression was found to be significantly reduced in HBV-HCC compared to the HBV-cirrhosis group and healthy controls (p=0.005 and p=0.006, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The serum miR-146b-5p levels might be a promising tool to be used as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for HCC. Our findings shed light on potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of HBV-HCC in terms of selected miRNAs. The target pathways of miR-146b-5p identified by our in-silico analysis to reveal the functional mechanism are \"MAPK signaling pathways\" and \"Pathways in cancer.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A brief communication of patients with homozygous C282Y mutation-related hereditary hemochromatosis.","authors":"Hale Gokcan, Didem Kuru Oz, Emin Bodakci, Esra Tunc, Ramazan Idilman","doi":"10.14744/hf.2024.2024.0020","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2024.2024.0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive inherited iron-loading disorder and is characterized by chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, diabetes, and bronze skin. The hemochromatosis gene (C282Y homozygosity)-related hemochromatosis is the most common form of HH. The prevalence of HH is varied. Here, we defined six cases with C282Y homozygosity-related HH in a single center in Turkiye.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the recommendation of international autoimmune hepatitis pathology group 2022 and the simplified criteria for autoimmune hepatitis 2008: A preliminary study.","authors":"Kenan Moral, Berkay Simsek, Veysel Baran Tomar, Cihad Albayrak, Mustafa Ergin, Guner Kilic, Ali Karatas, Nergiz Ekmen, Murat Kekilli, Mehmet Ibis, Tarkan Karakan, Mehmet Cindoruk, Guldal Esendagli, Gulen Akyol","doi":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0061","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The histological diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is challenging. A new consensus recommendation was provided by the International AIH Pathology Group to address the problems in the histological diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to compare the 2008 'simplified' criteria for AIH with the 'consensus recommendation' of 2022 in terms of diagnostic sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on pathological specimens of patients diagnosed with Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) between 2010 and 2022. Out of 188 patients enlisted, 88 were selected based on exclusion criteria. The specimens were examined by two experienced hepatopathologists and a resident pathologist. All specimens were analyzed using both the \"simplified\" criteria and the new consensus recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of a total of 78 patients, the 2022 consensus recommendations raised the diagnostic category of 16 patients (20.5%) to a higher level. Six patients who were previously diagnosed as \"atypical\" were now considered \"possible AIH\", while 10 patients with a \"compatible\" diagnosis were elevated to \"likely AIH\" category. No patients were found to fall into a lower diagnostic category according to the new recommendations. A significant difference in diagnostic sensitivity was observed between the 2008 criteria and the 2022 consensus report (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 2022 consensus recommendation may be more sensitive in the diagnosis of AIH in comparison to the 2008 'simplified' histological criteria. More studies are needed both for the validation of the sensitivity of the new consensus recommendation and for the determination of the specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for relapse after discontinuation of tenofovir or entecavir in hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients.","authors":"Cigdem Mermutluoglu, Omer Karasahin, Mustafa Kemal Celen","doi":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0060","DOIUrl":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>This study aimed to define the relapse frequency and risk determinants in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who discontinued nucleoside analog (NA) treatment, were HBeAg-negative, and had achieved both a virological and biochemical response.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study reviewed patients with HBeAg-negative CHB who received antiviral therapy for at least 65 months between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2020. These patients discontinued treatment after demonstrating a biochemical and virological response and were evaluated at 6, 12, and 24 months post-treatment discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-seven patients with CHB who received NA therapy for at least 65 months, discontinued treatment, and had undetectable HBV DNA and normal ALT values were evaluated. After cessation of NA therapy, a relapse was observed in 38 patients (56.7%). The relapse rate was 71.0% in patients treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) as the last NA type and 37.9% in patients treated with entecavir (ETV) (p=0.017). The cutoff value for the best estimate of age for predicting relapse was 42 years. The relapse rate was 69.2% in patients aged ≥42 years and 39.2% in patients aged <42 years (p=0.007). The relapse rate was 51.3% in patients with a pre-treatment fibrosis score of 2, 56.0% in those with a fibrosis score of 3, and 100% in those with a fibrosis score of 4 (p=0.089).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among HBeAg-negative CHB patients who achieved a virological and biochemical response to long-term antiviral therapy, those aged 42 years and older, those with high fibrosis scores before treatment, and those who used TDF before treatment cessation should be closely monitored for relapse, especially in the first 12 months after stopping NA treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}