Economics Ecology Socium最新文献

{"title":"Risk Assessment of Water Transport Enterprises by Modeling Direct and Indirect Threats","authors":"S. Kotenko, S. Ilchenko, Valeria Kasianova, A. Kens","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2023.7.1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2023.7.1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The methods of traffic modeling by water transport and assessing the risks associated with it is needed to identify the issues of the past period, proposing methods for assessing not only direct but also indirect risks to form the preconditions for preventing them in the postwar reconstruction. The coordination of different transport type’s actions of transport requires an assessment of risks impact of the previous stages of mixed transportation on the formation of the following risks’ stages. Existing methods of assessing such impact need to be improved. \u0000Aim and tasks. The aim of this study is creation of methodological approach to risk management in water transport based on a mathematical model for assessing the impact of both direct and indirect risks. The tasks are: to prove that the additive approach of taking risks into account leads to the systematic deviation appearance from the result; take into account the impact on the risk of cargo transportation. \u0000Results. It has proved that the calculation of risk as an additive function leads to a systematic deviation from the relevant result. It stated that the risk of each of the next stages of transportation depends on the risks of the previous stages. To increase risk analysis relevance in water transport, the use of an oriented graph in a multidimensional parameter space proposed. It stated that in order to calculate the integrated risk, it is essential building not only the risk matrix but also the risk incidence matrix to take into account their relation to business entities. It established the impact of even minor risks could take the form of a catastrophe, which leads to cargo flows reorientation. It established that: for calculation of integral risk, it is crucial consider direct and indirect influences of risks; risk calculation for water transport also requires risk analysis in related modes of transport. \u0000Conclusions. It was established that, when calculating integral risk, it is necessary to consider direct and indirect influences on risks and that the risk calculation for water transport also requires risk analysis in related modes of transport. The proposed approach significantly increases the relevance of water transport risk analysis and allows for managing changes in transportation routes in real time.","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85611743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Economics of Technology Transfer in The Environmental Safety of Enterprises for the Energy Transition","authors":"Y. Sribna, S. Skakovska, Tetiana Paniuk, Iryna Hrytsiuk","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2023.7.1-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2023.7.1-8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. European countries are at different stages of transition to a new energy system due to different levels of energy dependence, geographical conditions, and priorities of national administration. The use of information technology and innovative developments in the energy field allows for reducing energy production costs, improving resource use efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and ensuring energy security. Modern energy is reaching a new qualitative level due to technology transfer and government policy. Such an energy transition in the industry requires time, unfolding globalization processes, implementing sustainable development strategy and solving greening problems.  \u0000Aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to assess the level of the economic base of technology transfer in the creation and functioning of a new energy system based on the principles of environmental safety of modern enterprises in EU countries. \u0000Results. The theoretical model is considered, which explains the essence and factors in the implementation of the new energy system of production enterprises in the cross-section of the EU countries. The ranking of European countries is given based on the calculation of the use of final electricity consumption per dollar per capita and one percent of renewable energy consumption minus the tax burden. Thus, some countries already have significant indicators that indicate the effectiveness of the transition to a new energy structure of their national enterprises. And such results do not directly depend on the share of the use of renewable energy sources and the reduction of the use of coal. But the share of more than 60% of the use of renewable energy and the significant tax burden placed on the final household consumers of electricity are general signs of the implementation of such a transition. Enterprises use such a transition mechanism more effectively in EU countries, where more than 60%. In economic terms, such transitions of enterprises are carried out at the expense of the lion's share of the tax burden on electricity use by end consumers – households. \u0000Conclusions. The study of the economic basis of technology transfer in the creation and functioning of a new energy system based on the principles of environmental safety of modern enterprises in EU countries is of great importance for improving energy efficiency and achieving environmental safety in the region as a whole. The research will be useful for government bodies that are engaged in shaping energy policy, regulating the energy sector, and ensuring environmental safety.","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82511593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Employer Branding Practices on Management of Employee Attraction and Retention","authors":"N. Ada, M. Korolchuk, I. Yunyk","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2023.7.1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2023.7.1-5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. An employer brand includes everything practiced to position an organization as a preferred employer. Nowadays, business companies are having more difficulty procuring qualified employees who are vital for company success under keenly competitive business conditions. To cope with this difficulty, companies carry out different practices to attract and retain talent, and the employer brand concept has become one of the tools that business companies use to attract and retain talent. \u0000Aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to investigate, determine and describe how business companies are efficacious in their employer brand management practices to meet the expectations of current and potential employees. It is also aimed to determine which activities are carried out by the business companies for employer branding. In this context, a literature review is carried out within the scope of employer branding to brief the concepts of organizational attractiveness and to ensure organizational commitment. \u0000Results. Within the scope of the research, the semi-structured in-depth interviews with the human resources professionals of seven large-scale, domestic, and foreign companies operating in the Izmir, Istanbul, and Manisa provinces were examined. The findings of the interviews are evaluated by the qualitative analysis method according to the research methodology. The result of the research conducted and the references to the definition of the employer brand were compiled under five nodes. These are the work environment, economic benefits, work-life balance, career development opportunities, and social activities. On the other hand, the economic benefits node was compiled under two different sub-nodes, namely wages and fringe benefits. The characteristics and contributions of the employer branding were investigated, and the effects of the employer brand on retention within the scope of talent management were investigated. \u0000Conclusions. It has been observed that the organizations' awareness level of the employer brand concept is high, and it has been discovered that they have many practices for both potential candidates and current employees. These practices have revealed that they differentiate themselves from their competitors in terms of business characteristics, working environment, and global opportunities. All these efforts provide many benefits such as increases in the number of applications, increases in attractive employer rankings, increases in employee motivation, and decreases in employee turnover rates.","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83257330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Development Management Factors in The Regional Economy of Ukraine","authors":"O. Borodina, Lyuda Burdonos, V. Stetsenko, O. Kovtun","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The functioning of the Ukrainian economy with a large number of restrictions necessitates its restoration on the basis of high-quality strategizing, taking into account foreign experience. The formation of financial support tools for the development of a regional development strategy raised the question of the need to change financial strategies to ensure the conditions for sustainable development, which determined the relevance of the study. \u0000Aim and tasks. The aim of this study is a theoretical and methodological review of modern financing of regional projects in Ukraine at the subregional level and the provision of proposals for their conceptual improvement in order to ensure sustainable development of the economy based on the European experience of regional strategizing. \u0000Results. The research contains a thorough modern analysis of individual factors of sustainable development of the regions of Ukraine in the medium-term perspective, namely: use of the opportunities of the administrative-territorial system; effective financing of regional development; concepts and models of \"green\" development of the regions of Ukraine. The need to organize a qualitatively new financing of regional development with the aim of achieving stable economic growth in post-war Ukraine is substantiated, and ways and forms of state assistance for this process are proposed. Based on the indicators of tax revenues in Ukraine in 2015–2021, a conceptual model of a system of institutions at the district (subregional) level is proposed that contributes to regional development, taking into account smart specialization and environmentalization. For its effective functioning, a mechanism for financing such a system is proposed based on the fiscal scheme of deductions from corporate income tax in the estimated amount for each territorial level. \u0000Conclusions. Synchronization of the administrative-territorial division with European countries made it possible to implement the EU experience in financial support of the sub-regional level of management and to offer a new vision of this process in Ukraine. Forecast calculations of the percentage of deductions from the tax revenues of enterprises' income tax to the relevant development funds were carried out using the apparatus of economic and mathematical modeling. The prospects for sustainable development and models for achieving this goal are analyzed, within which the vision, regional, and sectoral goals of such models are systematized.","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84296641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming Financial Outsourcing Services for Sustainable Business Development: A Review on Green Finance","authors":"Olga Laktionova, Yu. O. Kovalenko, Tetiana Myhovych, O. Zharikova","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-4","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Financial outsourcing services contribute to the effective management of economic relations arising in the process of the formation and use of financial resources. With the unchanged goal of financial outsourcing, its services are being transformed, associated with the development of the financial market and the emergence of innovative financial instruments, technologies and mechanisms. \u0000Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to form a methodology for studying financial markets, growth points and development trends of \"green\" finance and tools for sustainable business development that require the transformation of financial outsourcing services. \u0000Results. A review of sustainable business development based on the methodology of researching the green financial market and financial instruments was carried out, which consists in the use of biometric, predictive, and other methods of analysis that allow timely identification of innovative financial instruments, their development trends, empirical data on their significance, sources of funding, scale, models and trends in the development of economic relations arising in the process of environmental modernization of production. The proposed methodology for researching the financial market will make it possible to transform financial outsourcing services in a timely manner, especially for clients engaged in the development and implementation of engineering innovations aimed at developing a sustainable economy based on green finance. \u0000Conclusions. The dynamics of the development of green bonds is significantly ahead of the dynamics of the development of the financial market as a whole. The concept of organizing regional sustainable financial systems is proposed, the infrastructure of which includes a financial outsourcer that contributes to the effective attraction and use of financial resources for sustainable business development. A classification of client groups of financial outsourcing services is proposed depending on the size of business entities and the involvement of specific financial instruments and management mechanisms carried out by an outsourcer, which provides capital management using financial management mechanisms, accelerating its turnover and reuse.","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72986932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic Development of International Corporate Social Responsibility in Agribusiness","authors":"O. Soloviova, O. Krasnyak, Valeriy Cherkaska, Anna Revkova","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The identification of the interdependent development of society and business contributed to the introduction of corporate social responsibility in entrepreneurship as a guarantee of obtaining from its activity not only an economic effect but also the stimulation of social and environmental development. After all, the development of society requires constant changes in the consumption of various types of goods and services under the condition of a safe level of ecology and agriculture as the basis of food security in society, which necessitates the stimulation of productive activities of corporate social responsibility in agrarian business and its serving industries. \u0000Aim and tasks. The aim of the study is an analysis of the strategic development of international corporate social responsibility in agribusiness. The main tasks are: to investigate the modern strategic directions of the development of corporate social responsibility, focusing on agrarian businesses, to identify problems and find resources to overcome them. \u0000Results. Strategies for the development of corporate social responsibility in business are generally formed in relation to the goals and directions of the development of business activity and aim, as a final result, to increase the level of development of business activity, society, and preservation and protection of the environment. Social, ecological, economic, intra-economic, and external strategic directions of CSR influence have been identified, with implementation carried out directly by enterprise employees or with the assistance of interested participants, or \"stakeholders.\" An analysis of CSR business strategies was carried out with the aim of forming the optimal option for obtaining mutual benefits for all interested parties. It was determined that the relevant strategies do not have permanence and need improvement, correction, and adaptation in accordance with evolutionary changes in the development of society. \u0000Conclusions. The process of implementing CSR in business has a long-term nature and requires determining the optimal relationship between the chosen areas of social responsibility development in combination with the economic activity of business structures. The main directions of CSR development in agribusiness are assistance and promotion of the development and motivation of labor personnel; introduction of waste-free economic production; maintenance of relationships with clients; brand distribution; and environmental protection. The international direction of CSR is oriented in the direction of \"green activity,\" affecting the reduction of the level of poverty and inequality.","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88709864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary Higher Accounting Education for Social Responsibility","authors":"Galina Chipriyanova, Radosveta Krasteva-Hristova, A. Kussainova","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Nowadays participants in the business and social life face challenges in the context of the sustainability and the social responsibility. The only way to successfully overcome them is by all of them working together in one direction at all levels and in all fields. All efforts to harmoniously achieve the goals of sustainable development by the various communities of the planet are extremely relevant today and will continue in the future. Higher accounting and economic education are in support of sustainability, management of natural resources and social responsibility. \u0000Aim and tasks. The aim of the research is to analyze the possibilities for further development of economic solutions in the context of application integration approaches with care for our unique planet and its riches for the future. The tasks of the research find expression in: 1) to prove the need to pay attention to the issues of sustainable development when making decisions about the economy; 2) to analyze the essence and principles of an up-to-date concept for a sustainable way of doing business and management of natural resources; 3) to indicate the path that business and society shall take in order to develop responsibly; 4) to prove the importance of developing an international and national strategy for corporate social responsibility. \u0000Results. The data shows that today it is required that the specialist with a higher economic and accounting degree possess knowledge and competences for the quality realization of reporting, controlling, and other activities in the private and public sectors. Specifically, the investments in new knowledge and competences of such specialists in the context of sustainability, management of natural resources, and social responsibility create prerequisites for a more competitive and resilient business. At the same time, the data shows that the degree of balance between the three aspects (social, economic, and environmental) and the whole direction of higher education towards the problems of sustainable development as of this moment is not satisfactory. \u0000Conclusions. The dominant idea is that successful implementation of flexible educational schemes, accelerated digital transformation, and full adaptation to relevant business challenges (the practice) will result in the establishment of a new model of educational policy that will contribute to the successful realization of sustainability, natural resource management, and social responsibility. ","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86532809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Bank Size on Its Financial Indicators in Bulgaria","authors":"Zhelyo Vаtev, M. Marinov, T. Ismailov","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. One of the frequently used criteria for classifying banks is according to their size. The question of the existence of a dependence between the size of credit institutions, on the one hand, and their financial condition and results of activity, on the other hand, was logically raised. In recent years, this issue has increased its significance in Bulgaria against the background of the following circumstances: first, a process of consolidation of the banking sector in the country has begun; second, the new dimensions of the macroprudential policy impose higher regulatory requirements on banks, according to Basel III regulations; third, there is a significant number of relatively small credit institutions whose activity has a relatively limited scope; fourth, weak economic activity and low rate of economic growth of the country; fifth, the search for ways to increase the efficiency of banking activity. \u0000Aim and tasks. The aim of the research is to establish the extent to which the size of the credit institutions in the country has an impact on various aspects of banking activity, as well as the strength of this impact. The subject of the study is focused on delineating the comparative advantages and disadvantages of big and small banks in terms of the scale of their operations. \u0000Results. The analysis is based on information on the status and results of the activities of 18 banks in Bulgaria. The study covers observations on the development of the banking sector in 2020 and 2021. When specifying the size of banks, the traditional criterion is used, which is most often used to determine their size, namely the amount of their assets. It examines the impact of the size of credit institutions on 7 financial indicators reflecting different aspects of banking activity: Return on Assets, Efficiency of Administrative Costs, Staff Productivity, Asset Quality, Asset risk rating, Liquidity Coverage Ratio, Total Capital Ratio. On this basis, a correlation analysis is made, in which the correlation coefficient is used as the statistical measure of the dependence between the size of credit institutions (the assets), on the one hand, and their financial indicators, on the other hand. In parallel, the average values of the analyzed indicators for the respective years are calculated separately for each group of banks. \u0000Conclusions. There is reason to claim that one of the possible instruments for increasing the efficiency of the banking sector in the country is its further consolidation. Of course, the conclusions drawn are not universal. This reflects the specifics of the banking industry in Bulgaria and the specifics of the period to which the analyzed data refer. With almost all analyzed indicators, a strong or moderate dependence between the size of the banks and the values of the considered financial indicators is outlined. This dependence is most pronounced in relation to the Return on Assets– as the size of credit institutions increases, the retu","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88231275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods of Assessing the Level of Market Capitalization of Joint-Stock Companies: Economic and Managerial Aspect","authors":"M. Blikhar, Mariia Vinichuk, Olga Patsula, N. Shevchenko","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.4-6","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Effective assessment of the market capitalization of public joint-stock companies is an important strategic aspect that determines the level of corporate governance, competitiveness of manufactured goods or services, investment attractiveness, publicity, and transparency of the company in the stock market. In this regard, there is a need to study the advantages of various methods of market capitalization assessment, which will ensure not only the determination of the effectiveness of the corporate and financial activities of domestic joint-stock companies but also the investment value at the state level, ensuring the strategic necessity of satisfying social needs. \u0000Aim and tasks. It consists in researching current methods of assessing the market capitalization of public joint-stock companies and proposing new ones for the purpose of a more comprehensive analysis of the company's activity at the stock market. \u0000Results. The peculiarity of legal management and regulation of the market capitalization of Ukrainian public joint-stock companies is determined; the methods of assessing the market capitalization of joint-stock companies and the goals set by the entities that apply it in the evaluation are distinguished, namely: the method of the current market value of a public joint-stock company, the method of the average market value of a joint-stock company and the method of the maximum market capitalization of a joint-stock company. Ensuring the legality of market capitalization assessment, was carried out. A factor method of market capitalization assessment and a comparative method have been developed for the purpose of a more thorough assessment. It consists in presenting the author's approach to assessing the level of market capitalization through the use of comparative and factor approaches, which include not only an assessment of the market position of a joint-stock company at the stock market, but also individual balance indicators at the beginning of various reporting periods, establishing transparency and competitiveness. \u0000Conclusions. The proposed research results will be useful for a comprehensive assessment of not only the financial, stock and marketing strategy of a public joint-stock company at the stock market, but to ensure its own competitiveness, liquidity and investment attractiveness, take into account factors affecting the comprehensive business, investment and financial position of a joint-stock company.","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"255 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76861194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Maritime Logistics on Statistical Characteristics of Foreign Trade Indicators of Georgia","authors":"N. Abesadze, N. Robitashvili, Otar Abesadze, R. Kinkladze","doi":"10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.3-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2022.6.3-1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Most of the cargo in foreign trade is transported by the sea. That is why the development of foreign trade relations without proper sea logistics is impossible. During the period of the pandemic, this was the area that functioned most successfully.  In 2021, Georgia has increased the volume of exports, imports, re-exports, local exports by sea transport, while improving the structure of exports and imports. \u0000Aim and tasks. The aim of the paper was revealing the trends of foreign trade by sea transport in Georgia. In the research process, general methods, as well as specific statistical methods were used, such as: observation, aggregation and analysis: mean values, ratios, variation analysis, dynamic sequences, selective observations, etc. \u0000Results. Since 2016, sea transport has consistently held one of the leading positions in trade relations. In 2021 alone, maritime exports increased by 27% compared to the previous year. In period of 2016-2021, foreign trade in maritime transport increased by an average of 8.4% annually. In 2016-2021, Georgia mainly exports copper ores and concentrates, Ferroalloys, passenger cars and nitrogen, mineral or chemical fertilizers. Statistics in the dynamics over the years show that no change has taken place in the export commodity structure and in general, 73.7% of exports are local exports, which is an increase of 12.5 percentage points compared to 2019. The share of exports by sea in local exports was 57.3% in 2021, which is 2.8 percentage points higher than in 2019. During the whole study period, the volume of locally produced products exported by sea increased by an average of 18.1% per year. The average annual growth rate of re-exports by sea transport in Georgia in 2016-2019 was 140.9%, although in 2020 its volume decreased by 22.2% compared to the previous year, and in 2021 increased by 17% compared to 2020. \u0000Conclusions. In conclusion, it can be said that sea transport is used quite actively in foreign trade in Georgia, a large part of foreign trade flows in the country are based on maritime transport. The statistical characteristics of foreign trade in the country have improved.  The growth trend was maintained even during the period of severe pandemics and lockdowns, which once again emphasizes the advantages of conducting trade processes by sea and the need to use it for other purposes. ","PeriodicalId":29705,"journal":{"name":"Economics Ecology Socium","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78388043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}