Japanese Journal of Sociology最新文献

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12169

引用次数: 0

Women's career development through everyday life in post-war Japan: Survey of the Shufuren (the Japanese Association of Consumer Organizations) 战后日本妇女在日常生活中的职业发展：日本消费者组织协会调查

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12165

Takako Hama

{"title":"Women's career development through everyday life in post-war Japan: Survey of the Shufuren (the Japanese Association of Consumer Organizations)","authors":"Takako Hama","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijjs.12165","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the career development process of women in postwar Japan who belonged to the Shufuren (the Association of Consumer Organization), the homemakers' federation, and who became experts in everyday life through studying and researching to improve their lives. It analyzes the organizational chart, hours and fundings for activities, details of activities, formation of the cooperative relationships, and career development of the leaders. The women who gathered at the Shufuren studied and researched the issues that arose in daily lives. By accumulating survey and research data and presenting scientific evidence, they made requests and proposals for improvements to the Diet, governments, and industries. Through these activities, they contributed to establish laws and systems protecting consumer rights. The women also developed partnerships with other civic groups in sharing current social issues. They expanded the circle of the movement and asserted their demands to the Diet, government agencies, industries, and the public. The members grew as experts in everyday life by steadily building their careers with passion for daily activities. Their activities were not limited to the Shufuren; some women went beyond the Shufuren to become leaders of organizations. Conventionally, homemakers are viewed as not having career development aspirations. When discussing women's career development in Japan, attention has focused on career development through work and balancing work and family life. However, the activities and steps taken by the female members of the Shufuren to improve their lives should also be considered a form of career development.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"33 1","pages":"93-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Careers in “woman-friendly” occupations: Investigating the role of beauty consultant in the era of neoliberalism 女性友好型 "职业：调查美容顾问在新自由主义时代的作用

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12161

Riho Nagayama, Fumika Sato

{"title":"Careers in “woman-friendly” occupations: Investigating the role of beauty consultant in the era of neoliberalism","authors":"Riho Nagayama, Fumika Sato","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijjs.12161","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the paradoxical nature of beauty consultant careers in Japan. Despite being considered a “woman-friendly” occupation, it reveals the challenging aspects of this profession in a neoliberal context. Japan's gender gap in employment is stark, with women often engaged in precarious positions, earning significantly less than men. The beauty industry, perceived as advancing women's empowerment, presents opportunities for women in management roles. However, the profession of a beauty consultant demands continuous beauty upkeep, making it a potentially unsustainable career. The research draws on interviews with former and current beauty consultants, supplemented by statistical data and observational research. It highlights their working environment, including entry requirements, training, career advancement, and aesthetic labor demands such as wearing company uniforms, using specific makeup, and maintaining a youthful appearance. Despite a seemingly supportive environment with maternity leave and career advancement prospects, the research reveals the reality of aesthetic labor demands, limited career progression, and challenges faced by women in sustaining their careers after life events like childbirth. Neoliberal norms impact these women, emphasizing self-fulfillment, maintaining youth and beauty, and working post life events. In conclusion, the research offers insights into the gendered labor dynamics in Japan and broadens understanding of women's labor in the neoliberal context. It calls for a deeper examination of “woman-friendly” workplaces and underscores the need to recognize the challenges women face in career progression in such environments.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"33 1","pages":"27-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Career formation of Japanese women entrepreneurs 日本女企业家的职业发展

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12168

YounHee Lee

引用次数: 0

Introduction: Women's careers in the midst of diversifying change 导言：多样化变革中的女性职业生涯

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12167

Fumiya Onaka, Akwi Seo, Kaori Takahashi, Rokuro Tabuchi

引用次数: 0

Mentoring and creativity: Resources for working women to thrive in a challenging workplace after COVID-19 指导与创造力：COVID-19 之后职业女性在充满挑战的工作场所茁壮成长的资源

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12160

Keiko Sakakibara

{"title":"Mentoring and creativity: Resources for working women to thrive in a challenging workplace after COVID-19","authors":"Keiko Sakakibara","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijjs.12160","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the association between mentoring and creativity among male and female office workers. A web survey was administered to individuals aged 20–59 years using the survey monitors of an internet company; 2106 valid responses (1048 men and 1058 women) were analyzed to examine the association between mentoring and creativity. A three-way analysis of covariance was conducted using mentoring, gender, and managerial status as the independent variables, which were adjusted for occupation. The analysis of the main effects showed that mentored individuals had higher creativity than nonmentored individuals, regardless of gender or managerial status. In addition, managers had significantly higher creativity than nonmanagers. There was no significant difference in creativity between men and women. The interaction effect of gender and managerial status was significant, and the analysis of the simple main effects indicated that male nonmanagers had higher creativity than female nonmanagers, whereas no significant gender difference was found between male and female managers. The difference in the creativity score between mentored and nonmentored female managers was 0.467, whereas the difference between mentored and nonmentored male managers was 0.357; this suggests that mentoring is critical, particularly for female managers. The primary focus of mentoring research has been the role of mentoring in promoting career-related behaviors and attitudes. This study illustrates the potential to enhance creativity, which is an asset for working women in managing challenges after COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"33 1","pages":"7-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijjs.12160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender mainstreaming in the Japan Self-Defense Forces 日本自卫队的性别平等主流化

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12162

Hitoshi Kawano

{"title":"Gender mainstreaming in the Japan Self-Defense Forces","authors":"Hitoshi Kawano","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijjs.12162","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of “gender integration” within the military organization has long been a major research topic in military sociology. In the last two decades, however, specific topics such as “gender mainstreaming,” “diversity management,” and “diversity and inclusion” have pervaded sociological studies on military organizations. In this article, I examine the current state of gender integration in the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF), focusing on efforts to promote gender mainstreaming. In particular, following the National Action Plan to implement the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 was formulated in 2015, the Ministry of Defense issued the JSDF Female Personnel Empowerment Initiative in 2017, in which previous challenges for career development of female SDF personnel were to be removed by making virtually all job categories available for women including combat pilot, missile boat crew, and tank driver. While the number and ratio of female personnel have increased and their prospects of career development have substantially improved in the last few years, work–life conflict and sexual/power harassment remain to be challenging issues for the retention of female personnel. Due to the deep-rooted male-dominant organizational culture of the military organization, further organizational challenges remain for JSDF to shift its overarching human resource management paradigm from “Diversity 1.0” to “Diversity 2.0,” with the strong commitment of top leaders to innovate organizational culture.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"33 1","pages":"42-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Has globalization of the Japanese economy contributed to satisfying career-building for women? The case of Japanese female migrants to East Asia 日本经济的全球化是否有助于妇女获得令人满意的职业发展？日本女性移民到东亚的案例

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12164

Chie Sakai

{"title":"Has globalization of the Japanese economy contributed to satisfying career-building for women? The case of Japanese female migrants to East Asia","authors":"Chie Sakai","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijjs.12164","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the shift in career strategies among Japanese women due to the globalization of Japan's economy since the 1980s. It highlights how economic changes led to a gender-based division of labor, propelling women to seek opportunities abroad. The research draws on interviews with 81 women who moved to financial centers in East Asia, mainly in Hong Kong and Shanghai, examining their experiences in the workforce, the impact of human resource agencies in their migration, and the challenges and opportunities they encountered. The study reveals a complex landscape where Japanese women navigate gendered expectations and discrimination both in Japan and abroad in pursuit of career advancement. The conclusion emphasizes three points. First, women found opportunities abroad to do what they wanted, even if it was not what they initially expected before leaving Japan. Second, although supportive and subordinate to male managers, their work was indispensable to the management of Japanese companies abroad. Their contribution has long been underestimated but needs to be considered. Third, the experience abroad gave them direct interaction with various clients and colleagues and a view of rapid societal change in Hong Kong and China, contributing to choosing their diverse career trajectories and life plans.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"33 1","pages":"58-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toyota City in transition: A motor town facing globalization and social changes. By NibeNobuhiko, MariNakamura, HiroshiYamaguchi (Eds.), Singapore: Springer. 2022. pp. 240. US$ 139.99 (hardback). ISBN: 978‐981‐16‐9831‐6 转型中的丰田市：面临全球化和社会变革的汽车城。作者：NibeNobuhiko、MariNakamura、HiroshiYamaguchi（编著），新加坡：新加坡：施普林格出版社。2022 年。139.99 美元（精装本）。ISBN: 978-981-16-9831-6

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12157

Ashita Matsumiya

引用次数: 0

The effectiveness of vocational secondary education on entry‐level job outcomes in Japan: Safety net for low‐educated youth in a vocationally weak educational system 日本职业中等教育对入门级工作结果的影响:职业薄弱教育体系中低学历青年的安全网

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12154

Katsunori Ogawa

{"title":"The effectiveness of vocational secondary education on entry‐level job outcomes in Japan: Safety net for low‐educated youth in a vocationally weak educational system","authors":"Katsunori Ogawa","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijjs.12154","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyze the sociodemographic compositions and labor market entry of low‐educated youth in Japan. The paper specifically focuses on whether vocational education provides a safety net for labor market insecurities during an era of educational expansion. While past literature has shown that vocational education contributes to occupationally specific skills and a smooth transition from school to work, less is known about its effectiveness when low‐educated youth become a minority group. The case of Japan provides a unique perspective, given its historically low youth unemployment rate and strong connections between schools and employers, despite its academically oriented high school education system. The 2015 Social Stratification and Social Mobility Survey in Japan is used to evaluate trends in vocational education and their impact on employment. The key variables under examination are entry‐level job outcomes. The results show that, over the past decades, high school graduates in Japan have become a more disadvantaged group than university graduates. Among high school graduates, those from general schools tend to have more advantageous sociodemographic backgrounds than their counterparts from vocational schools. Despite the limitations, vocational high school graduates have been better rewarded in the transition to work throughout recent decades. Furthermore, the labor market premium for vocational school graduates remains stable even after accounting for the influence of school networks. Sensitivity analysis confirms the robustness of these effects. The implications of the findings are discussed within the context of the skill formation regime in Japan.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135207655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0