Japanese Journal of Sociology最新文献_第10页

Why Has the Ethics of Care Become an Issue of Global Concern? 为什么护理伦理成为全球关注的问题?

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2016-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12048

Yayo Okano

{"title":"Why Has the Ethics of Care Become an Issue of Global Concern?","authors":"Yayo Okano","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12048","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijjs.12048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 Since Carol Gilligan published her masterpiece, In a Different Voice, many scholars, especially feminist scholars in various fields, including moral theory, philosophy, and political and legal theory, have been inspired to establish a more inclusive approach to social injustice as well as sexual inequality. The purpose of this article is to explore the depth and expanse of the ethics of care for its potential as a political philosophy. To pursue this end, the article analyzes first the main claims of care ethics by responding to its typical counterarguments, which criticize the ethics of care as being too dependent on gender differences, particularism, and essentialism. The second section examines three challenges that care ethics poses to the male-oriented mainstream of political philosophy, especially the theory of justice. The ethics of care provides us with a new approach to moral and political issues because it focuses responsively on social injustice, proposes a new idea of relational self and takes the social connection model to justice. With these three perspectives proposed by the ethics of care in mind, the article turns its eyes to global implications of care ethics by referring to the issue of the “comfort women” of Japanese troops during the Second World War.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"25 1","pages":"85-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ijjs.12048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62686364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Introduction: Being Migrants, Being Carers: Globalization and its Implications 引言：成为移民，成为看护人：全球化及其启示

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2016-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12045

Yuko O. Hirano, Aya Kitamura, Yuiko Fujita

引用次数: 0

Hesitant Madams in a Global City: Japanese Expat Wives and their Global Householding in Hong Kong 国际都市中犹豫不决的太太:日本外籍太太和她们在香港的国际家庭

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2016-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12047

Aya Kitamura

{"title":"Hesitant Madams in a Global City: Japanese Expat Wives and their Global Householding in Hong Kong","authors":"Aya Kitamura","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12047","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijjs.12047","url":null,"abstract":"Care work, once a sanctioned labor of love, is increasingly commodified in transnational contexts. The picture of migrant women shouldering the housework and child care of local professonal women may seem like a mutually beneficial arrangement—matching the “needs” of the haves and have-nots—, but the global care chain ultimately works to maintain the traditional gendered division of labor as well as global inequality. To this trend of globalization of care work, Japan has been an exception; however, how much longer it will be so is now in a question, as the government paves the way for importing domestic labor from abroad. This article focuses on Japanese expat wives in Hong Kong in order to locate Japanese women vis-à-vis the global care chain. The narrative analysis on how they decide whether to hire a domestic worker in their home away from home highlights the sociopolitical nature of their supposedly private choices. Some drew on cultural ideal of wifehood and motherhood to rationalize their choice while others referred to racialized or even overtly racist and classist images of foreign domestic workers. A few women spoke against the system itself, showing awareness of its inherent social injustice. All such narratives are never purely personal; their decisions and the rationalization behind them sustain the prevailing discourses of gender, race, ethnicity, culture, and class, which, in turn, envelop their attempts at global householding.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"25 1","pages":"54-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ijjs.12047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62686352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Health-care Work in Globalization: News Reports on Care Worker Migration to Japan 全球化中的保健工作:关于护理工作者向日本迁移的新闻报道

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2016-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12049

Chika Shinohara

引用次数: 12

“Who Are You?”: The Making of Korean “Illegal Entrants” in Occupied Japan 1945–1952 “你是谁?”: 1945-1952年在被占领的日本制造朝鲜“非法入境者”

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2016-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12042

Sara Park

引用次数: 2

Issue Information - IFA 问题信息-IFA

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2016-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12052

引用次数: 0

Social Support and the Mental Health of Family Caregivers: Sons and Daughters Caring for Aging Parents in Japan 社会支持与家庭照顾者的心理健康:日本儿子和女儿照顾年迈父母

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2016-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12041

Saeko Kikuzawa

{"title":"Social Support and the Mental Health of Family Caregivers: Sons and Daughters Caring for Aging Parents in Japan","authors":"Saeko Kikuzawa","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12041","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijjs.12041","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of depressive symptoms among family caregivers has been documented as a serious social problem that could threaten the lives of the elderly and their family caregivers. Social support is considered to be a promising remedy for this problem, although a comprehensive examination of the availability and effectiveness of social support that includes both formal and informal support across multiple dimensions remains limited. In addition, little research has been conducted in Japan on gender differences in stress processes. This study tried to fill those gaps by analyzing recent survey data on sons and daughters who are caring for their elderly parents. The results indicate that sons and daughters have similar levels of formal and informal support for daily care and advice, while there are some gender differences in regard to the availability of other types of social support. It was also found that many types of informal support were significantly associated with a lower caregiver burden for daughters, although this was not necessarily the case for formal support. General instrumental support from formal sources was even associated with higher levels of distress. For sons acting as caregivers, daily caregiving support was the only formal support that was significantly associated with their lower level of distress. Issues of formal support are discussed, in order to reduce the psychological burdens borne by sons and daughters who care for their parents at home.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"25 1","pages":"131-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ijjs.12041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62685678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Editor's Note 编者按

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2016-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12051

Daishiro Nomiya

引用次数: 0

Two Components of Wage Gaps Induced by Individual-level Variables: Intra-firm or Inter-firm? 个体水平变量诱导的工资差距的两个组成部分:企业内还是企业间?

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2016-01-22 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12040

Koji Takahashi

{"title":"Two Components of Wage Gaps Induced by Individual-level Variables: Intra-firm or Inter-firm?","authors":"Koji Takahashi","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12040","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijjs.12040","url":null,"abstract":"Individual-level variables such as gender, education, occupation, and employment type are well-known factors that induce wage gaps in the labor market. This article aims to divide wage gaps into two components—those arising within each firm (the intra-firm wage gap) and those arising between different firms (the inter-firm wage gap)—and measure their respective proportions by individual-level variables, as studies suggest that each wage gap based on an individual-level variable has a unique mix of an intra-firm and inter-firm wage gap. This measurement can help enrich investigation into the generative process of wage gaps and formulate effective labor policies to reduce them. Accordingly, we compared the coefficients of the independent variables of the wage function estimated by a pooled ordinary least squares model and a fixed-effect model, using nationwide employer–employee matching data collected by the Japanese government. We found that wage gaps by gender and employment type mostly consist of intra-firm wage gaps, and those by education and occupation have a larger share of inter-firm wage gaps. The findings suggest that different research strategies are required to investigate the generative process of each wage gap, and that regulations on and interventions in organizational processes are important to reduce wage gaps based on gender and employment type.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"25 1","pages":"117-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ijjs.12040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62685668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Combining Egalitarian Working Lives with Traditional Attitudes: Gender Role Attitudes in Taiwan, Japan, and Korea 结合平等主义工作生活与传统观念:台湾、日本与韩国的性别角色观念

Japanese Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2015-07-14 DOI: 10.1111/ijjs.12039

Maki Takeuchi, Junya Tsutsui

{"title":"Combining Egalitarian Working Lives with Traditional Attitudes: Gender Role Attitudes in Taiwan, Japan, and Korea","authors":"Maki Takeuchi, Junya Tsutsui","doi":"10.1111/ijjs.12039","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijjs.12039","url":null,"abstract":"In a simple theoretical framework, egalitarian gender role attitudes emerge as more and more women participate in the labor market. Most advanced Western nations enjoy relatively gender-egalitarian working environments, and consequently more egalitarian gender attitudes than their East Asian counterparts. Women in East Asian societies, on the other hand, are said to support both the conditions resulting in stagnant female labor-force participation and traditional attitudes toward gender roles. In Taiwan, however, women are more economically active than in two other East Asian societies—Japan and South Korea—even though women in all three societies favor the traditional gender division of labor. Thus, in Taiwan, women experiencing inconsistencies between their active working lives and their traditional values. This study hypothesizes that this inconsistency, or the coexistence of the old and the new, is reflected in the very mind-set of women. Using comparative data from the 2006 East Asian Social Survey, we analyzed the gap between responses to questions on gender attitudes in relation to working conditions, and other general gender role attitudes. We found there were significant differences in the size of these gaps. Taiwanese women expressed more egalitarian views insofar as the questions were concerned with practical economic interests, while they retained their basic traditional attitudes towards gender roles in their homes. This gap is larger in Taiwan than in Japan or South Korea.","PeriodicalId":29652,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Sociology","volume":"25 1","pages":"100-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ijjs.12039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62685463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15