{"title":"Power system frequency control using Type-4 wind turbine generators","authors":"F. Wilches-Bernal, J. Chow, J. Sanchez-Gasca","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107393","url":null,"abstract":"System frequency response can be negatively impacted by significant penetration of wind generation. This paper studies the effects of integrating Type-4 full converter wind turbine generators (WTG) on the frequency response of a test system. A controller that enables frequency response in a Type-4 WTG is then proposed to restore and improve the frequency regulation of the system. The design and performance of the proposed controller are demonstrated using linear analysis and nonlinear simulation. The results are then compared with those for Type-3 DFAG frequency regulation technology.","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114456493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing backup protection for thermal power generating stations using sampled values","authors":"Sruthi Chilukuri, Matchyaraju Alla, B. Johnson","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107323","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of relay misoperations provides an opportunity to improve the design of backup protection schemes. Existing generator station backup protection schemes use distance protection (21) or voltage controlled/restrained overcurrent protection (51V) elements for clearing phase faults that are not cleared by either line protection or generator protection. Many schemes also use transformer ground overcurrent protection (51NG) for backup protection for ground faults on the system. Since generator protection can only respond to faults with fault resistance accurately when only there is no remote infeed from the other terminals, designing a secure backup protection for a generating station during remote infeed conditions is a challenge. Apart from the remote infeed, fast response of automatic excitation controllers also affects the current seen by the generator protection relay. Considering these effects, different vendors have different approaches for setting the 21 element. In order to analyze these recommendations, this paper studies the performance of synchronous generators for a thermal power station connected through a breaker and half scheme using Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) simulations. This paper proposes a new approach to enhance the performance and coverage of backup protection schemes by using sampled values of the IEC 61850 standard. In addition to that, this paper also address the challenges associated with the existing generator protection schemes based on breaker auxiliary contacts and under current elements and proposes a solution using a synchronism check element which uses sampled values. These two techniques can be used in the existing generating station protection schemes to improve the reliability and security of these schemes.","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114993246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A review of transformer aging and control strategies","authors":"S. Gourisetti, H. Kirkham, Deepak Sivaraman","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107234","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews factors that influence the aging of distribution transformers, including root causes of transformer failure. Existing and proposed load control methods are then reviewed. A distribution model is introduced to help evaluate potential control methods. Coping with transformer aging is an important challenge in power system. The nature of transformer loads is changing with the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and electric vehicles (EVs). Distribution transformers themselves are minimally controllable, but smart meters provide excellent, new insights into electrical loads, which insights can be used to understand and mitigate transformer aging.","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"36 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116349180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of the impact of longitudinal variations in ambient conditions on transmission line voltage stability margin","authors":"Mahbubur Rahman, Christoph Braun, V. Cecchi","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107239","url":null,"abstract":"Electric power transmission lines span through wide geographical areas, experiencing different ambient conditions. Varying weather conditions along the length of the line introduce changing conductor temperatures and hence non-uniform distribution of line electrical parameters along its length. This non-uniform distribution of electrical parameters is expected to impact line power handling capabilities. In order to investigate the impact of longitudinal variations in weather conditions on line voltage stability margins, a line model segmentation approach is used in this work. This line modeling approach, which accounts for non-uniformities in line parameters, divides the line model into multiple lumped parameter segments based on the degree of change in weather conditions. The multi-segment line model and a simple weighted average approach, in which a single segment with parameters calculated at the weighted average conductor temperature along the line is employed, are used in this paper to study the impact on line voltage stability margin. Simulation results are compared with the static line rating approach, in which a set of predefined weather conditions is used for line modeling. Noticeable differences were found in line voltage stability margins when longitudinal changes in ambient conditions were taken into account.","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123216114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Position sensorless and adaptive speed design for controlling brushless DC motor drives","authors":"S. Geraee, M. Shafiei, A. Sahami, S. Alavi","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107246","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method for direct torque control of Brushless DC (BLDC) motors. Evaluating the trapezium of back-EMF is needed, and is done via a sliding mode observer employing just one measurement of stator current. The effect of the proposed estimation algorithm is reducing the impact of switching noise and consequently eliminating the required filter. Furthermore, to overcome the uncertainties related to BLDC motors, Recursive Least Square (RLS) is regarded as a real-time estimator of inertia and viscous damping coefficients of the BLDC motor. By substituting the estimated load torque in mechanical dynamic equations, the rotor speed can be calculated. Also, to increase the robustness and decrease the rise time of the system, Modified Model Reference Adaptive System (MMRAS) is applied in order to design a new speed controller. Simulation results confirm the validity of this recommended method.","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"241 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122092939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Celik, S. Suryanarayanan, A. A. Maciejewski, H. Siegel, S. Sharma, R. Roche
{"title":"A comparison of three parallel processing methods for a resource allocation problem in the smart grid","authors":"B. Celik, S. Suryanarayanan, A. A. Maciejewski, H. Siegel, S. Sharma, R. Roche","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107204","url":null,"abstract":"Aggregators are market participants that bridge the gap between the bulk electricity market and the emerging active end-user (smart home) by efficiently scheduling or allocating resources to meet certain objectives in the electricity grid. The computational burden and processing time of such allocation problems increases with the number of resources. Using high performance computing and parallel processing techniques, the computational time for simulating the environment can be managed. In this paper, we present and compare three parallel processing techniques executed on a dedicated high performance computer for simulating a multi-day aggregator-based resource allocation problem in the Smart Grid.","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123938215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An innovative localized retail electricity market based on energy broker and search theory","authors":"Tao Chen, Wencong Su, Yi-Su Chen","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107199","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to propose an innovative local energy market to accommodate localized energy trading and exchange for communities, buildings and campuses, which may own the surplus local energy produced by distributed energy resources (DER). These energy entities can participate in or form a localized trading platform, either buying or selling energy with searching local partners, without necessarily referring to a utility every time. An important new role, named the energy broker (EB), and working as a middleman or trader in this localized retail electricity market is introduced to get buyers and sellers together, serving as a solution to search friction. The trader itself also needs to maximize the transaction efficiency or revenue with consideration for search cost. In this way, the proposed market structure can be modeled based on search theory and an optimal stopping problem (OSP).","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123943694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A multiobjective approach to the management of opt-in distributed energy resources","authors":"S. Tu, Boris Defourny, S. Moazeni","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107268","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the problem of coordinating Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in a radial distribution work below a substation, in order to meet an injection schedule at the substation. Loads, dispatchable resources, nondispatchable resources, and energy storage are modeled in the problem. Uncertainty in load and nondispatchable generation is considered using scenarios. The focus is on situations where there are many identical agents willing to participate, but only a subset of them can be scheduled, due to network congestion. A multiobjective approach is proposed, where the first objective is chosen to promote the equity of network access among agents over time, and the second objective is concerned with the control of the overall deviation from the injection schedule. A fundamental tradeoff is to determine the extent to which generation is provided from non-dispatchable resources, and the level of risk of deviation from the schedule that can be tolerated. Simulations are used to illustrate the tradeoff between the objectives, and assess the level of nondispatchable resources that can be integrated.","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129430393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of communication latencies and availability on droop-implemented primary frequency regulation","authors":"F. Wilches-Bernal, Ricky J. Concepcion, R. Byrne","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107356","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method to modulate the power output of converter interfaced generators (CIGs) according to frequency variations. With the proposed approach, CIGs can successfully engage in the primary frequency regulation of a power system. The approach is a variation on the traditional droop-like proportional controller where the feedback signal is a global frequency measurement instead of a local one. Obtaining the global measurement requires transferring data using communications. This paper analyzes the performance of the proposed approach with respect to communications issues such as latencies and data dropouts. The approach implemented and tested in a simulation environment is compared against a method entirely based on local information. The results show that using global information in droop control provides benefits to the system as it improves its frequency regulation. The results also indicate that the proposed approach is robust to latencies and communication failures.","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129777653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Internal model control of solid state transformer for microgrid stability enhancement","authors":"M. Monika, R. Meshram, S. Wagh, A. Stankovic","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2017.8107221","url":null,"abstract":"The challenge of integration and control of electric energy posed by microgrid can be addressed by introducing the solid state transformer proposed by the FREEDM center. This research focuses on the voltage regulation issue of SST by adopting dynamic phasor-based modeling and internal model control based nested loop PI control. The main contribution of the paper is use of internal model control design technique for tuning of PI controller. The internal model control method is a systematic model based approach mainly used in process industries. The advantage of the IMC formulation is the tuning of a single parameter for determining the gains of PI controller. The Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach in the presence of load variations and process disturbances.","PeriodicalId":296428,"journal":{"name":"2017 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127106791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}