Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A Review of Partial Shading MPPT Algorithm on Speed, Accuracy, and Cost Embedded","authors":"A. Asnil, R. Nazir, K. Krismadinata, Muhammad Nasir Sonni","doi":"10.24237/djes.2023.16101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2023.16101","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes several Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithms for partial shading conditions that have detrimental effects on photovoltaic systems. The method used is a literature review of articles from reputable publishers. Fifty two articles were obtained after meeting the established criteria for selection. The literature review focused on the ability of the Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithm to overcome partial shading conditions in terms of tracking speed, tracking accuracy, efficiency, and implementation complexity. As the results, some algorithms are recommended to be applied for Maximum Power Point Tracking including the Single Swam Algorithm and the Perturb And Observer algorithm, the Enhanced Adaptive Step Size Perturb and Observe algorithm, the Novel Adaptable Step Incremental Conductance algorithm, the Improved Bat Algorithm and Fuzzy Logic Controller algorithm, and the Particle Swarm Optimization with One Cycle Control algorithm. In terms of implementation complexity, these five algorithms are categorized as medium-complexity, which can be characterized as low cost, high efficiency, and even 100% with high tracking speed and accuracy  with a minimum number of sensors used.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115874462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Contribution of Adsorbent Materials (Silica Gel and Sawdust) in Removing Water Vapor; Iraq as a Study Case","authors":"Amna Samir Ibrahim, Ahmed Al-Samari, P. S. A. Banu, I.M. Mahbubul","doi":"10.24237/djes.2023.16110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2023.16110","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to remove the moisture (latent load)  generated by the occupants of the space due to the addition of water vapor resulting from the natural breathing process, the perspiration that evaporates in the air of the space. In sum, the dehumidification system (DS) reduces the amount of latent load or removes it completely to reduce the load on the air conditioner. In this study, adsorbent materials, such as silica gel-Blue and sawdust were used and their effectiveness was compared when used in dehumidification. The results of these experiments for June showed that the adsorption rate and temperature of the blue silica gel - Blue were 20% and 34°C, while the humidity and temperature increased to 52% and 36°C when using sawdust (when rotating the dehumidifying system hourly).  Moreover, for July, the adsorption percentages of silica gel-Blue were 8%, while the moisture content of sawdust increased to 49%, while the adsorption percentage in August when using silica gel - Blue was 10% and the relative humidity increased until it reached 39% when using sawdust. While the temperatures in July and August reached their maximum value when using silica gel - Blue and sawdust at 35°C and 36°C, respectively.  The water vapor absorption rate in June, July, and August is 83.39 g, 70.82 g, and 65 g, respectively.  While the drying process increased during these months due to the increase in solar radiation.  Therefore, silica gel - Blue has proven its effectiveness by absorbing moisture more efficiently than sawdust.  However, when drying sawdust, it was more effective and faster drying than silica gel - Blue.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128047602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Influents of Cutting Parameters in Drilling GFRP Composites Using Taguchi Method","authors":"Iman M. Naemah","doi":"10.24237/djes.2023.16108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2023.16108","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) is widely employed today, mainly in industries, due to its required properties of high corrosion resistance, high strength, and lightweight, this work studies the influence of the cutting parameters on the surface roughness by drilling two types of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composite material (CFRP) Composites 0° angle and 90° angle, the investigated of the drilling of CFRP by using an experimental design based on the Taguchi L18 orthogonal array. Spindle speed, feed rate, and tool diameter were the input parameters, and surface roughness was the output. The cutting settings (410, 806, and 1003) rpm and two different HSS tools were employed in the drilling operation of the CFRP composite. The feed rates used were (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) mm/rev (at 10 and 12 mm in diameter). The Taguchi approach, the cutting speed, feed rate, and tool diameter were optimized to be 1003 rpm spindle speed, 0.1 mm/rev feed rate, and 10 mm, respectively, at a 0° angle, the surface roughness was 2.74 µm, while at a 90° angle, 4.12 µm, surface roughness was created by the Taguchi optimization of the surface for the cutting variables. According to the ANOVA analysis of the surface roughness (Ra) for CFRP/0-angles, The P-value of the factor feed rate was 0.044 less than 0.05, while the p-values of the tool diameter and spindle speed were greater than 0.05. At the CFRP/90-angle, the p-values of the factors feed rate and spindle speed were both less than 0.05, while the p-value of the tool diameter was 0.208.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129199723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Screw Head- and Hook-on Bond Behavior of Flamingo Shear Reinforcing Technique in Concrete","authors":"A. Sh Mahmood, Suhad M. Abd, Isam S. Mhaimeed","doi":"10.24237/djes.2023.16111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2023.16111","url":null,"abstract":"An alternative reinforcing shear technique was proposed during this work in place of the traditional vertical stirrups. Three reinforced concrete beams with dimensions of (200 * 300) mm and a length of 1800 mm were used. A reference control beam with traditional vertical stirrups (RCWS) and two beams reinforced with flamingo with a fixed angle of 45° and free ends (50% and 50%) from effective depth were used, while the main variable was the bonding process with concrete using a screw head (FWS) and hook (FWH). In the flamingo technique, the hook was used and the screw head was used at an equal angle of 130 degrees. A significant improvement was found in the shear capacity of the beam compared to the reference sample. Also, using a screw head made the shear capacity 13.22% higher than using a hook and improved the shear ductility, final deflection, and crushing behavior of beams made with the flamingo technique.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"507 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133825991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Security Model for Medical Image Protection in Cloud","authors":"Mohammed Y. Shakor, Nigar M. Shafiq Surameery, Zuheir N. Khlaif","doi":"10.24237/djes.2023.16107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2023.16107","url":null,"abstract":"A cloud computing environment provides a cost-effective way for end-users to remotely store and retrieve private data through an internet connection anytime and anywhere. The security of these data cannot always be guaranteed because they can only be accessed by the end-user through a third-party interface, making them vulnerable to potential breaches of authentication and data integrity. This paper presents a secure hybrid approach for a medical image stored in the cloud that prioritizes data security and integrity. The suggested model employs a combination of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithms to ensure authentication and data integrity. The results demonstrate its superiority over existing methods making the proposed model compliant with regulations of sensitive data stored in the cloud, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that dictate how personal information must be handled, stored, and processed. By contrast with traditional and other hybrid systems, this paper can conclude that this is one of the best methods to guarantee the security of medical images in the cloud.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117073943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Corrosion Resistance of Silver-Hydroxyapetite (Ag-HA) Bio-Nanocomposite Coating","authors":"Basma Z. Thabet, Suha I. Al-nassar, Hiba M. Algailani, Adel K. Mahmoud, R. Nasir, Ahmed Aag. Alrubaiy","doi":"10.24237/djes.2023.16103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2023.16103","url":null,"abstract":"Silver-hydroxyapatite (Ag-HA) nanocomposite coating on stainless steel (316L) sheets was prepared by electroless deposition. Several studies have analysed the influence of bath composition on the corrosion behaviour of Ag-HA bio-nanocomposite coating produced by electroless deposition. Therefore, the present study compared the influence of varying concentrations of HA nanoparticles (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) g/L on the mechanical (microhardness) and chemical (corrosion resistance and ion release) properties of the Ag-HA nanocomposite coating. The Ag-HA nanocomposite coating exhibited a remarkable increase in microhardness from 104.7 Hv to 139.9 Hv at 0.5 g/L HA nanoparticles and improved corrosion resistance, where the corrosion rate was enhanced for the coating from 5.954×10-1 mpy to 2.633×10-2 mpy in the presence of nano-HA. The ion release analysis of the element coating revealed that the nickel content was within the permissible limit in accordance with the amount of Ni permitted to exist inside the human body, and chromium was not found.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125289702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"استراتيجيات النقل المستقبلي للمدن الكبرى مدينة بغداد 2030","authors":"اريج محي عبد الوهاب","doi":"10.24237/djes.2017.102122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2017.102122","url":null,"abstract":"تعاني المدن الكبرى عادة من مشاكل متعددة منها النقل نتيجة لأسباب مختلفة منها زيادة عدد السكان، وعدم استيعاب شبكة النقل لهذه الزيادة، فضلاً عن ضعف بالطاقة الاستيعابية مع زيادة اعداد السيارات الخاصة والعامة.\u0000أن الارتقاء بالنقل في المدن الكبرى من اهم المؤشرات على التطور الحضري والحضاري، أذ هو مقياس لتقدم الدول وذلك بموجب العلاقة التكاملية فيما بينه وبين جميع القطاعات التنموية الاخرى، خصوصاً بوجود وسائل وانظمة حديثة تعتمد التكنولوجيا الذكية والحديثة.\u0000تعاني مدينة بغداد من مشاكل نقل مختلفة منها ضعف الطاقة الاستيعابية للشوارع مع زيادة اعداد السيارات بشكل ملحوظ خصوصاً بعد 2003، فضلاً عن قدم شبكة النقل وعدم توسعها مع ازدياد السكان، كذلك عدم تكامل واحادية وسائط النقل واعتمادها بنسبة أكبر على النقل الخاص.\u0000يتم الآن وضع مخطط اساس جديد لمدينة بغداد 2030 تراعي الزيادة السكانية ومحاولة اسكانهم لسنة الهدف، فتتطلب اعداد قطاع نقل قادر على استيعاب الزيادة السكانية المستقبلية وحل مشاكل النقل الحالية.\u0000فاقترحت خطة تقرير الإنمائي الشامل لمدينة بغداد 2030مجموعة من الاستراتيجيات اهمها:\u0000\u0000التكامل بين مراكز الحضرية الجديدة المقترحة بالمخطط بحافات المدينة عن طريق ربطها مع بعضها بطرق سريعة.\u0000الاهتمام بالنقل البري عن طريق اكمال واضافة طرق حلقية محيطة بالمدينة، وزيادة نسبة النقل الجماعي بالحافلات السريعة والسكك الحديد والمترو والقطار المعلق (المونوريل) والدراجات الهوائية والمشاة (النقل المستدام).\u0000تفعيل خطة النقل النهري والاستفادة من اختراق نهر دجلة وسط مدينة بغداد.\u0000توسيع مطار بغداد الدولي لاستيعاب الاعداد المتزايدة لسنة الهدف.\u0000الاهتمام بمركز المدينة عن طريق انشاء محطات سريعة باعتماد مبدأ الايقاف والركوب وزيادة عدد مواقف السيارات.\u0000\u0000Abstract \u0000Major cities usually suffer from multiple problems, including transport because of various reasons, including increasing the number of the population and not to accommodate the transport network for the increase as well as weak energy absorption with the increase in the number of private and public vehicles.\u0000To improve transport in the major cities of the most important indicators of the urban development of civilization, as it is to measure the progress of states in accordance with the complementary relationship between him and all the other development sectors, especially the presence of the means of modern and smart systems based systems and modern technology.\u0000The city of Baghdad suffers from different transferred failing the capacity of the streets with the increased number of cars significantly, especially after the 2003 problems, as well as the transport network and the lack of expansion presented with the increase in population, as well as the lack of integration of mono modes of transport and adoption largest by the private transport.\u0000It is now a new basis for the city of Baghdad in 2030 plan takes into account the population increase and housed an attempt to put the target year, require the preparation of transport is able to accommodate future population growth and resolve the current problems of the transport sector.\u0000The plan, proposed a range of strategies including:\u0000(A) The integration of the proposed new urban centers scheme edge ","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116652591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Exterior Beam-Column Joints Under Limited Cycles of Repeated Loading","authors":"Hadeel Ali Handel Sabah, Ibrahim S. I. Harba","doi":"10.24237/djes.2022.15410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2022.15410","url":null,"abstract":"The beam-column joints play an important role in the structures where the functions of connection shortage by transport the forces like shear, moment, and torsion from the beam to the column. So, this study represents an attempt to investigate the performance and the effect of limited cycles of repeated load on the strength of the exterior beam-column joint core. Therefore, 34 specimens have been investigated by using a numerical analysis that used the finite element method. To simulate these specimens, the concrete damage plasticity model was used to define the concrete materials and the nonlinear isotropic/kinematic (combined) hardening model for steel material definition. These models are involved in the ABAQUS software package, version 2020. This study involves key parametric studies on beam-column joints, which are summarized as changing the ratio of shear reinforcement of the joint core in addition to using two types of shear reinforcement. This study also includes the effect of flexural reinforcement of the beam as well as the beam’s shear reinforcement effect on the strength of the beam-column joint. To calibrate the software to simulate a realistic result, three specimens have been used, which have been tested in previous studies. It has been found that this numerical model accurately predicts the experimental response under limited cycles of repeated loading. The ultimate load from modelling was compared with the experiment once, having a difference of less than 10% and the ultimate displacement having a difference of less than 11%. It has been found that increasing the ratio of the joint’s shear reinforcement to double has no significant effect on the ultimate load. Otherwise, decreasing it to half leads to a decrease in the ultimate load compared with a specimen that is designed according to ASCE352-02R. This study has studied the effectiveness of increasing the shear reinforcement by adding an x-shape reinforcement. Also, the flexural reinforcement of the beam has found it has increased the ultimate load capacity by 48% Where the ratio of flexural reinforcement increased to 1.8%, the load bearing capacity was enhanced.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123080681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Data Based Method Road Surface Parameters Estimation for Anti-Lock Braking System","authors":"Ayad Qays, Abdulrahim Thiab Humod, Oday Ali Ahmed","doi":"10.24237/djes.2022.15411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2022.15411","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate road surface parameter identification is considered essential for selecting the appropriate controlling threshold in the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) utilized in modern vehicles. This paper presents a data-based method for road surface parameter estimation. The proposed method utilizes a pattern recognition technique that works to estimate the road type during braking. A detailed analysis and related comparison is provided for several pattern recognition techniques such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Decision Tree (DT), which were chosen among previously studied pattern recognition techniques. A model for the ABS system is implemented with MATLAB Simulink, and the required data is extracted to be utilized to train each model individually. After training is complete, a test has been applied in order to obtain the performance of each trained model. In particular, accuracy and sensitivity are utilized to compare the effectiveness of these models, with 96% for the SVM, 95.2% for the DT model, and 94% for the KNN model. Although the SVM classifier accuracy was better than both the KNN and DT classifiers, all classifiers presented a high performance accuracy that proves the possibility of utilizing a data-based method for road surface parameter identification that increases the reliability of safety systems like the ABS.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125220617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Two Layers Al/Cu Metal Composite by Roll Bonding Technique","authors":"S. Alzubaidi, Jabbar Gattmah, Sadettin Orhan","doi":"10.24237/djes.2022.15401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2022.15401","url":null,"abstract":"The sheet metal of two-layer composite (Al/Cu) is considered as one of the most important products used in different engineering applications. The roll bonding technique (RBT) is an active process to fabricate the metal composite due to the occurrence of high deformation that leads to layers bonding together. In this study, Al8112 and pure Cu were selected as the metals to create a sheet composite (Al8112/Cu) by employing RBT on the basis of one cycle at various thickness reductions (R%; 45%, 50%, 55%, and 60%) and bonding temperatures (T; 300 °C, 400 °C, and 450 °C). The microstructure behaviour was examined to check the overlap bonding area for the composite layers. Vickers microhardness and tensile tests were also performed to measure the hardness, yield strength, and tensile strength. The results revealed that the R% had a strong effect on the interface bonding zone and hardness. It also had a significant effect on yield and tensile strength. However, T had a small effect on the hardness and a disparate effect on the yield and tensile strength.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129828965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}