Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Various Cross-Section","authors":"Marwa Saleem, Ahmad A. Mansoor, Wissam D. Salman","doi":"10.24237/djes.2022.15105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2022.15105","url":null,"abstract":"The deflection of reinforced concrete beams with various cross-sections was investigated in this work. The experimental program comprised of four reinforced concrete beams that were simply supported. They were put through a two-point load test. High to width ratio (h/b) was (0.36, 0.64, 1, and1.56), concrete compressive strength was from 27 MPa. The gradual increase in the (h/b) ratio (from 0.36 to 0.64, 1 and 1.56) with (27 MPa) compressive strength of concrete leads to increase the first crack load for the (N2, N3 and N4) by (74%, 111% and 122%) respectively as compared with (N1), the beams (N2, N3 and N4) exhibits an increase in the yielding load by (41.2%, 70.6% and 64.7%) respectively as compared with (N1), increase the ultimate load by (25% - 130%). The ductility index is reduced with gradual increase in the (h/b) ratio (from 0.36 to 0.64, 1 and 1.56) for (27 MPa) concrete compressive strength by (1.2% - 25.5%).  For the beams (N1, N2, N3 and N4) it is noticed that the central deflection of the four beams reduced gradually at the same load with increase in the (h/b) ratio from (0.36 to 0.64, 1 and 1.56) with constant (27 MPa) compressive strength concrete. The maximum crack width decreases gradually with gradual increase in the (h/b) ratio (from 0.36 to 0.64, 1 and 1.56) for constant (27 MPa).","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"281 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120895674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Soap Factory Wastewater on the Physical and Mechanical Performance of Concrete","authors":"Zoyem Gouafo Mathurin, Talla Pierre Kisito, Gouafo Casimir, Ngapgue Francois, Médard Fogue","doi":"10.24237/djes.2022.15101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2022.15101","url":null,"abstract":"The management of water resources is one of the major priorities in all countries of the world and even more so in developing countries such as Cameroon. The purpose of this research project is to assess the influence of the use of soap wastewater on the physical and mechanical performance of concrete. The experimental test program was designed to assess the impact of varying the concentration of soap factory wastewater as a replacement for tap water. Cylindrical concrete test pieces were made by varying the proportion of wastewater from soap factories at a rate of 0%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%; depending on the water/cement ratio of 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7. These cylindrical concrete specimens were tested at the ages of 3, 7, 28, 60 and 90 days; the load was applied consistently and the breaking stress was measured automatically at failure. The results of the experimental tests carried out in this project indicate that the use of wastewater from the soap factory for the preparation of concrete as a replacement for tap water induces a decrease in the value of the subsidence at the abrams cone of the concrete, delays the start of the setting of the cement, leads to a reduction in the compressive strength of the concrete, causes the formation of pores in the concrete matrix at early ages. Correlations have been developed to quantify the loss in the strength of concrete as a function of the polluted water content and the variation of the water / cement ratio.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124644154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and Analytical Study on Pull-out Force of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Blocks","authors":"T. K. Mohammedali","doi":"10.24237/djes.2022.15103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2022.15103","url":null,"abstract":"Reinforcing bar bonding in concrete is essential for reinforcing bar anchoring and reinforced concrete cracking control. A pull out test of a reinforcing bar embedded in a concrete block is commonly used to determine it. When compared to plain concrete, steel fiber enhanced the mechanical properties of reinforced concrete. This paper presents experimental and analytical study on pull-out force of steel fiber-reinforced concrete blocks. Experimental program consists of six specimens. Two parameters are considered in this study, which are steel bar diameter and content of steel fiber. The numerical analysis was conducted by the finite element ANSYS software and was carried out on the experimental specimens. An analytical analysis was conducted to investigate the developing of the shear stress in surrounding concrete in XZ-plan and stresses in steel bar. Test results show that the steel fibers had significant influence on the increase of the pull-out force. The pull-out force increased by 3%, 4% and 15%, for CS1, CS2 and CS3 compared with specimens without steel fiber C1, C2, and C3 respectively.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127029778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of User-Pairing on the Performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) System","authors":"Ayad Q. Abdulkareem, Z. Al-Abbasi, Mustafa Nadhim Ghazal, Khalid Awaad Humood","doi":"10.24237/djes.2022.15108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2022.15108","url":null,"abstract":"Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is being considered as a candidate to meet the expected traffic demand growth in 5G and beyond 5G (5GB) networks. Due to the complexity of applying multiuser detection at the NOMA receiver, a number of works have suggested applying user-pairing to simplify dealing with all users as a whole. This paper addresses the effect of applying user-pairing on the performance of NOMA assisted system in general proposes three different user pairing approaches to examine which one is best for boosting the performance of multiuser NOMA system and making it reaches its potential. This paper evaluates the performance of NOMA system with organized (uniform), random, and distance-based user pairing schemes. Simulation results show that the organized pairing assisted NOMA scheme offers the best performance as compared to its pairing peer techniques in terms of the overall sum rate and the energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133039097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance Capacity of Inclined Anchored Pile Group to Lateral Load in Sandy Soil","authors":"Ali H. Ahmed, Hassan Obaid Abbas","doi":"10.24237/djes.2022.15107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2022.15107","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the lateral behavior of inclined anchored pile group by using (3 pile) model embedded in sandy soil by relative density 65% under lateral static load. The distances used between the piles are 60 mm which represents (3) Dh (helix diameter), noting that the diameter of the pile is 10 mm. The types of piles used are three types, and they are a pile with a single helix, a pile with a double helix and a pile without a helix (ordinary pile), noting that the depth embedded in the soil of piles (L/d) 330 mm. The angles of inclination used in this study are (5°, 10°, 15°). The results showed that increasing the angle of inclination of the pile leads to a higher amplitude of the lateral resistance of the pile group, the side resistance of pile with a single helix increase to about (9% and 18%) upon inclination angle increase from 5° to (10°,15°) respectively. While piles with double and single helix in the groups in same angle of inclination which is (10°) increases the lateral resistance from ordinary pile (pile without helix) about 24% and 19% respectively","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126978983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing And Comparative of Polymer-45S5BG and Polymer- HA Coating by Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD)","authors":"N. A. Al-Ali, Makarim H. Abdulkareem, Iman Adnan Anoon","doi":"10.24237/djes.2021.14402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2021.14402","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, two systems of bio-ceramic coating (45S5 bioactive glass and hydroxyapatite) were used in order to compare between them for biomedical applications. Each system consists from two layers of coating done by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique on 316L stainless steel material as substrate. Two types of biopolymer were used (Chitosan with Gelatin) as first layer of coating. Taguchi approach with L9 array was used in order to choose the best conditions (concentrations, voltage and time) for coating layers. Each system consists of two layer (biopolymer (first layer) and bioceramic (second layer)) materials. The optimum parameters for first layer of biopolymer was (3g/L concentration, 20 voltage and 3 minute) while optimum parameter for second layer (6g/L concentration, 30 voltage and 1 minute) for two bioceramic group. Zeta potential test were employed to measure suspensions stability. The tape test method was used to evaluate the adhesion between substrate and coating layers, the results show that the percentage of removal area for optimum coating layer (biopolymer, 45S5 BG and HA   8.06%, 10.668%, 6.23% subsequently). XRD inspection was used for identify the phases of coating layers. The Cyclic polarization test was used for evaluation of pitting corrosion resistance, the results show all layers gives good corrosion resistance but 45S5BG gives the best corrosion resistance when compared with HA system.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125667613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Assessment of a Sustainable Blast Protection Wall","authors":"A. Ghalib, Assal T. Hussein","doi":"10.24237/djes.2021.14404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2021.14404","url":null,"abstract":"Terrorist attacks have increased in the past few years in different countries. Explosions are problem that has significant impact on human life, as well as the social and economic situations. Engineers have designed targeted structures to mitigate blast effects. However, design blast-resistant systems is pricey and not suitable choice in most cases. Therefore, install blast barriers to protect occupants and instructed can reduce casualties and losses. Most current studies have investigated the performance of multi-layer composite blast barriers composed of advanced materials, which is not only costly, but require skilled labour to construct. The present study conducts numerical analysis of eco-friendly composite blast protection wall to mitigate blast. The wall structure consists of two face-sheet of adobe brick and core layer of crushed recycled aggregate. The analysis framework includes three different blast wall models using ABAQUS®. The explosive charge of 1-kilogram TNT is placed at different standoff distances from 0.25 to 4.0 meter in front of the wall. The authors conclude sustainable materials to design blast barriers could be effective in reducing the intensity of explosions in certain blast scenarios. The thickness of the core layer and standoff distance have the main contribution to identify the blast response of the blast wall. For instance, the calculated out-of-plane displacement results showed when 1- kg TNT place at 0.5-m from the wall, and thickness of the core increases from 30-cm to 60-cm, the displacement decreases by 38.74%. While the acceleration decreases by 75% for the same range of increase of thickness of the core layer. The present study calls researchers to investigate the performance of low-cost, and environment-friendly materials to attenuate abnormal loads wether are man-made or natural hazards.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"2002 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128575811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilize BIM Technology for Achiveing Sustainable Passengers Terminal in Baghdad International Airport","authors":"Fatima M. Kareem, Abbas M. Abd, Requiem N. Zehawi","doi":"10.24237/djes.2021.14406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2021.14406","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of airport infrastructures usually consumes huge amount of energy. In fact, the airport buildings are among the largest energy consumers entities due to their huge size and special operation pattern as well as their unique configuration that facilitate the large number of accommodated passengers. Despite the local energy shortage in Iraq in the last two decades, there is a quite scarce number of researches that deal with sustainable airport buildings. The aim of this research is to analyze the terminal building in Baghdad International Airport in order to find out the best set of modifications that result in an optimal energy consumption and least carbon dioxide emissions. The analysis was conducted by the use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology and the associated programs such as; Auto desk Revit 2021 and Auto desk Insight 360, in order to determine the optimal strategies by which the most applicable alternative construction materials and procedures are considered in order to obtain an environmentally and economically sustainable airport terminal buildings. By applying this analysis on Nineveh terminal building in Baghdad International Airport revealed that many alternatives are capable of making tangible reduction in the Energy Use Intensity (EUI). Such reductions are noticed when altering, in the optimum manner, the windows configurations in terms of size, glazing type, and shadings. The alteration of construction materials for walls and roofs also reduces the EUI. It was also found out that the change in lighting control systems and lighting efficiency may reduce EUI. But the major impact could be resulted when altering the Heating/Ventilating/ Air conditioning Systems (HVAC) in the optimum manner which reduces the EUI by 67.15kw/m2/year, and the proper use of photovoltaic panels which provides a sustainable electricity and reduces EUI by 57.08 kWh/m2/year.  Accordingly; in the quest of the best procedure to develop a sustainable terminal building, it is highly recommended to alter the HVAC systems and the utilization of the photovoltaic panels on rooftops.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128866625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive Powder Concrete Beam's Behavior in Flexural : Review","authors":"Sheelan Mahmoud Hama, Dhifaf Natiq Hamdullah, Shaho Mahmoud Hama","doi":"10.24237/djes.2021.14410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2021.14410","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive Powder Concrete can be considered  as a special type of concrete in which the coarse aggregate will be eliminated to get a homogenous microstructure with a maximum density for final result. Many researchers presented a state of the art review on reactive powder's production,  mechanical properties, durability, development and applications. But the review about structural behavior is hardly to found. Because of importance of this type of concrete and its structural applications. This paper focused on review the researchers that deals with structural behavior of reactive powder concrete beams under bending load. Also review the proposed design equations related with reactive concrete behavior.  Before starting a review of strength , stress-strain relation and  ductility are presented because of their importance and effect on structure behavior of beams under bending. According to review of previous studies the type of fibers and its content as volumetric ratio, type of pozalanic materials and its content , amount of longitudinal steel reinforcement  are main factors that affected the flexural behavior of  reinforced Reactive Powder Concrete","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115229286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinforced Concrete Circular T-Shaped Deep Beams – Finite Element Investigation","authors":"Wisam AL-Karawi, Abdullah A. Talal, Baidaa N. Hassan, Khattab S. Abdul-Razzaq","doi":"10.24237/djes.2021.14409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2021.14409","url":null,"abstract":"The current work investigates the behavior and strength of T-shaped cross section ring deep beams through a Finite element parametric study. Currently, ring diameter, loading type, concrete compressive strength and number of supports are taken into consideration. It is found that increasing ring diameter of beam by 12.5-25% leads to increase the maximum positive moment, maximum negative moment, maximum torsional moment and midspan deflection by 1.1-2.2%, 2.2-4.3%, 3-6% and 16-33%, respectively, while the load ultimate capacity increases by 11-17%. The positive and torsional moments at midspan and midspan deflection decrease by 23-36%, 3-11% and 6-14%, respectively when the loading type varies from concentered to full uniformly load over a span length of 33, 50, 67 and 100%, respectively. In a related context, this change in load type leads the negative moment at support and the load ultimate capacity to increase by 2-21% and 6-85%, respectively. The midspan positive moment, negative moment, torsional moment and load ultimate capacity increase by 20.4-71.3%, 20-69.7%, 15.6-43.8% and 21-73%, respectively, whereas deflection decreases by 1.4-11%, when increasing the compressive concrete strength by 45-190%. Finally, it is found that the load ultimate capacity increases by 82-348%, when number of supports increases by 25-100%, while torsional moment, maximum positive moments, maximum negative moments and midspan deflection decrease by 11-50%, 38-76.4%, 38.6-76.8% and 14-39%, respectively due to this increase in the number of supports.","PeriodicalId":294128,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121027052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}