{"title":"Graphical encoding for information visualization: an empirical study","authors":"Lucy T. Nowell, R. Schulman, D. Hix","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173146","url":null,"abstract":"Research in several areas provides scientific guidance for use of graphical encoding to convey information in an information visualization display. By graphical encoding we mean the use of visual display elements such as icon color, shape, size, or position to convey information about objects represented by the icons. Literature offers inconclusive and often conflicting viewpoints, including the suggestion that the effectiveness of a graphical encoding depends on the type of data represented. Our empirical study suggests that the nature of the users' perceptual task is more indicative of the effectiveness of a graphical encoding than the type of data represented.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130121568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Demystifying venture capital investing","authors":"M. C. Chuah","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173162","url":null,"abstract":"Since the crash of the dot.coms, investors have gotten a lot more careful with where they place their money. Now more than ever it becomes really important for venture capitalists (VCs) to monitor the state of the startups market and continually update their investment strategy to suit the rapidly changing market conditions. This paper presents three new visualization metaphors (Spiral Map, TimeTicker, and Double Histogram) for monitoring the startups market. While we are focusing on the VC domain, the visual metaphors developed are general and can be easily applied to other domains.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115464975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A hybrid layout algorithm for sub-quadratic multidimensional scaling","authors":"A. Morrison, G. Ross, M. Chalmers","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173161","url":null,"abstract":"Many clustering and layout techniques have been used for structuring and visualising complex data. This paper is inspired by a number of such contemporary techniques and presents a novel hybrid approach based upon stochastic sampling, interpolation and spring models. We use Chalmers' 1996 O(N/sup 2/) spring model as a benchmark when evaluating our technique, comparing layout quality and run times using data sets of synthetic and real data. Our algorithm runs in O(N/spl radic/N) and executes significantly faster than Chalmers' 1996 algorithm, whilst producing superior layouts. In reducing complexity and run time, we allow the visualisation of data sets of previously infeasible size. Our results indicate that our method is a solid foundation for interactive and visual exploration of data.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125936536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple foci drill-down through tuple and attribute aggregation polyarchies in tabular data","authors":"Nathan Conklin, S. Prabhakar, Chris North","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173158","url":null,"abstract":"Information analysis often involves decomposing data into sub-groups to allow for comparison and identification of relationships. Breakdown Visualization provides a mechanism to support this analysis through user guided drill-down of polyarchical metadata. This metadata describes multiple hierarchical structures for organizing tuple aggregations and table attributes. This structure is seen in financial data, organizational structures, sport statistics, and other domains. A spreadsheet format enables comparison of visualizations at any level of the hierarchy. Breakdown Visualization allows users to drill-down a single hierarchy then pivot into another hierarchy within the same view. It utilizes a fix and move technique that allows users to select multiple foci for drill-down.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121081209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visualizing biosequence data using texture mapping","authors":"Praveen R. Thiagarajan, G. Gao","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173154","url":null,"abstract":"Data-mining of information by the process of pattern discovery in protein sequences has been predominantly algorithm based. We discuss a visualization approach, which uses texture mapping and blending techniques to perform visual data-mining on text data obtained from discovering patterns in protein sequences. This visual approach, investigates the possibilities of representing text data in three dimensions and provides new possibilities of representing more dimensions of information in text data visualization and analysis. We also present a generic framework derived from this visualization approach to visualize text in biosequence data.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116254213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The illusion of perceived metric 3D structure","authors":"M. Lind, G. Bingham, C. Forsell","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173147","url":null,"abstract":"A large body of results on the characteristics of human spatial vision suggests that space perception is distorted. Recent studies indicate that the geometry of visual space is best understood as Affine. If this is the case, it has far reaching implications on how 3D visualizations can be successfully employed. For instance, all attempts to build visualization systems where users are expected to discover relations based on Euclidean distances or shapes will be ineffective. Because visualization can, and sometimes do, employ all possible types of depth information and because the results from vision research usually concentrates on one or two such types, three experiments were performed under near optimal viewing conditions. The aim of the experiments was twofold: To test whether the earlier findings generalize to optimal viewing conditions and to get a sense of the size of the error under such conditions. The results show that the findings do generalize and that the errors are large. The implications of these results for successful visualizations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134514984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visualization schemas for flexible information visualization","authors":"Chris North, Nathan Conklin, Varun Saini","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173142","url":null,"abstract":"Relational databases provide significant flexibility to organize, store, and manipulate an infinite variety of complex data collections. This flexibility is enabled by the concept of relational data schemas, which allow data owners to easily design custom databases according to their unique needs. However, user interfaces and information visualizations for accessing and utilizing databases have not kept pace with this level of flexibility. This paper introduces the concept of visualization schemas, based on the Snap-Together Visualization model, which are analogous to relational data schemas. Visualization schemas enable users to rapidly construct customized multiple-view visualizations for databases in a similarly flexible fashion without programming. Since the design of appropriate visualizations for a given database depends on the data schema, visualization schemas are a natural analogy to the data schema concept.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125434193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visualizing data with bounded uncertainty","authors":"Christopher Olston, J. Mackinlay","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173145","url":null,"abstract":"Visualization is a powerful way to facilitate data analysis, but it is crucial that visualization systems explicitly convey the presence, nature, and degree of uncertainty to users. Otherwise, there is a danger that data will be falsely interpreted, potentially leading to inaccurate conclusions. A common method for denoting uncertainty is to use error bars or similar techniques designed to convey the degree of statistical uncertainty. While uncertainty can often be modeled statistically, a second form of uncertainty, bounded uncertainty, can also arise that has very different properties than statistical uncertainty. Error bars should not be used for bounded uncertainty because they do not convey the correct properties, so a different technique should be used instead. We describe a technique for conveying bounded uncertainty in visualizations and show how it can be applied systematically to common displays of abstract charts and graphs. Interestingly, it is not always possible to show the exact degree of uncertainty, and in some cases it can only be displayed approximately.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125675155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interactive information visualization of a million items","authors":"Jean-Daniel Fekete, C. Plaisant","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173156","url":null,"abstract":"Existing information visualization techniques are usually limited to the display of a few thousand items. This article describes new interactive techniques capable of handling a million items (effectively visible and manageable on screen). We evaluate the use of hardware-based techniques available with newer graphics cards, as well as new animation techniques and non-standard graphical features such as stereovision and overlap count. These techniques have been applied to two popular information visualizations: treemaps and scatter plot diagrams; but are generic enough to be applied to other 2D representations as well.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131416766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Display design for the eye and mind","authors":"S. Kosslyn","doi":"10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFVIS.2002.1173164","url":null,"abstract":"Complex sets of numbers often can be effectively digested only after they are illustrated in charts, graphs or diagrams. However, some of these pictures are worth far less than the proverbial 1,000 words. If a visual display taxes the human perceptual, memory, or cognitive systems, it will be difficult to understand. This talk shows how facts about human information processing can guide one to design “articulate” graphics, which can be read easily and understood immediately. This information is organized into three general “maxims,” which in turn are used to organize sets of individual principles. Each of the principles is illustrated with “good” and “bad” displays taken from magazines, technical digests, books, newspapers, and other sources. The talk will conclude with some reflections about ways in which computational systems can take advantage of these principles, for example by providing no more and no less information than is relevant to the viewer's immediate concerns.","PeriodicalId":293232,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2002. INFOVIS 2002.","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123273098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}