Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection最新文献

{"title":"Recurrence of bilateral polysegmental pneumonia associated with COVID-19 (clinical case)","authors":"L. Hryshchuk, N. Lopushanska","doi":"10.30978/tb-2022-3-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb-2022-3-45","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 (clinical case)We describe a clinical case of long-term follow-up of a patient who had experienced bilateral polysegmental pneumonia associated with COVID-19 twice within 16 months.Patient, 52 years old, resident of the countryside. He fell ill acutely on 01/06/2020. He turned to the rural outpatient clinic with a paramedic complaining of an increase in body temperature up to 39.0 °С, shortness of breath with little physical exertion, cough with massive sputum production. He began treatment at the regional hospital, later continued at the Ternopil Regional Phthisiopulmonology Medical Center. A clinical diagnosis was made — community-acquired bilateral polysegmental pneumonia, severe course, group III. COPD, group B (GOLD 2) infectious exacerbation. P I II, intoxication syndrome. After inpatient treatment, a partial improvement was clinically determined, and radiographically, the resorption of inhomogeneous infiltration, but an increase in matte consolidation fields. It was during this period that a lockdown was introduced in the country in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering certain clinical and, in particular, radiological features of the course of the disease in a patient, COVID-19 can be suspected, at that time a PCR test was not yet performed. Until August 2020, the patient received outpatient treatment and was observed by a family doctor at the place of residence. In August 2020, the patient underwent a follow-up examination. Clinical and radiological improvement was noted. But the condition deteriorated sharply in the second half of November 2020. From 11/27/2020 to 12/14/2020, he was treated at the regional CRH for COVID-19, PCR+, severe course of community-acquired bilateral pneumonia. On the control CT scan (December 30, 2020) — in dynamics from August 13, 2020, progression — an increase in the area of ​​the lesion. Treatment continued at the Ternopil Regional Phthisiopulmonological Medical Center, and after discharge on an outpatient basis. At the control examination (06/16/2021), in the dynamics from 12/30/2020, the resorption of fibrous seals, a decrease in the intensity of consolidation areas. Conclusion: CT picture of chronic fibrosing lung disease, resorption phase.The patient was diagnosed with bacterial-viral pneumonia, which clinically and radiologically resembled pneumonia associated with COVID-19. Clinical and radiographic findings showed improvement after 7 months of treatment. After 10 months from the date of the first detection of the disease, the patient was re-diagnosed with pneumonia associated with COVID-19. Long-term inpatient and outpatient treatment was carried out, as a result of which it was possible to achieve clinical and radiological stabilization of the process and resorption of changes in the lungs.","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117324047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of changes in matrix metalloproteinases-9 and tissue inhibitors-1 levels in newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculous with different profile of drug-resistance","authors":"О.S. Shevchenko, L. Todoriko, I. A. Ovcharenko, O. Pohorielova, O. Shvets","doi":"10.30978/tb-2022-3-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb-2022-3-5","url":null,"abstract":"Objective — to analyze changes in MMP-9 and TIMP-1 parameters in patients with newly diagnosed destructive pulmonary TB with different pathogen resistance profile depending on the course of the tuberculosis process. \u0000Materials and methods. The study included 124 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary TB with destruction and bacterial excretion, who were treated according to the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine N 620 in 2014—2017. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I (n = 84) — multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB); Group II (n = 40) — drug-susceptible TB. Groups Ia (n = 56) and IIa (n = 28) included patients with effective treatment; groups Ib (n = 28) and IIb (n = 12) included patients with ineffective treatment. The level of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was studied in blood serum by ELISA. Blood was taken in the morning on an empty stomach at the beginning of treatment, after 2 and 3 months. \u0000Results and discussion. The level of MMP-9 increased in both groups for 3 months. However, the dynamics of the increase was more intensive in the group of drug-susceptible TB. The level of TIMP-1 also increased within 3 months in both groups. This dynamics was more intensive in Group II. In the course of treatment, more intensive dynamics of the ratio decrease MMP-9/TMP-1 was observed in Group II with a decrease of 25 % compared with 16.6 % in Group I.In the group of patients with MDR-TB, the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 at the beginning of treatment was lower in Group Ia than in Group Ib (p < 0.001). Its decrease within 3 months was more pronounced in Group Ib (by 25 %) compared with Group Ia (7.5 %). In the group of patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis at the beginning of treatment, higher levels of the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were observed in Group IIb. Against the background of anti-TB treatment for 3 months. There was also a decrease in the ratio in both groups (IIa and IIb). However, the dynamics of the decrease was more pronounced in Group IIb (by 41 %), compared with group IIa (by 10 %). \u0000Conclusions. In dynamics, against the background of antimycobacterial therapy, a more rapid onset of lung healing processes was observed in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB compared with patients with MDR-TB. This is evidenced by the obtained indicators of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and their ratio. Thus, the level of TIMP-1, which is an inhibitor of MMP-9, was higher after 3 months of treatment and showed more intensive growth dynamics in Group II, that is, in patients with drug-susceptible TB, which indicates a favorable course of the disease in this group, and an earlier onset of healing processes of lung tissue destruction.When patients were divided into groups of effective and ineffective treatment, a more intensive decrease in the ratio of MMP-9 to TIMP-1 was observed in patients with an unfavorable course of the tuberculosis process, which indicates more significant changes in the connective tissue of the lungs in patients from these groups.","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133628289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and structure of inflammatory periodontal diseases in tuberculosis in school-age children","authors":"N. Smolyar, M. Shylo","doi":"10.30978/tb-2022-3-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb-2022-3-39","url":null,"abstract":"Objective — to study the prevalence and structure of inflammatory periodontal diseases in respiratory tuberculosis patients and infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) school-aged children. \u0000Materials and methods. The examination was carried out in 168 (100 %) patients with respiratory tuberculosis and MBT-infected children and adolescents of school age (from 6 to 17 years) with inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues. Among the examined schoolchildren, 102 (60.72 %) were school-aged children with respiratory tuberculosis (the first group). The second group included 66 (39.28 %) infected MTB schoolchildren. The control group consisted of 45 practically healthy school-age children. The conducted examination of the dental status included the study of the prevalence of periodontal pathology, the intensity of the lesion and the severity of its course in different age groups of school children. \u0000Results and discussion. It was established that the prevalence of periodontal tissue disease in school-aged children with tuberculosis ((87.25 ± 2.36) %) and MTB-infected ((65.15 ± 2.15) %) exceeded that of healthy children ((24.45 ± 2.12) %) by 4.0 and 3.7 times, respectively. The most common pathology was an inflammatory lesion of the gums in the form of catarrhal gingivitis, which was almost 4 times higher than such data in children of the control group. The course of catarrhal gingivitis was diagnosed in the form of acute, chronic and exacerbation of the chronic process. At the same time as the prevalence of catarrhal gingivitis increased with age, the frequency of periodontitis increased in the children of the examined groups, the prevalence of which was most pronounced among patients with tuberculosis, much less among those infected with MTB. The assessment of the intensity of periodontal tissue damage using the PMA index revealed its increase with age, most pronounced among patients with tuberculosis, somewhat less among those infected with MTB. \u0000Conclusions. The prevalence of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues in patients with respiratory tuberculosis and MTB-infected children increases with age and is manifested by gum damage in the form of both catarrhal gingivitis and periodontitis, the highest prevalence of this pathology was observed among 15—17-year-old schoolchildren with pulmonary tuberculosis, less is expressed in infected MTB.","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131139341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of the course of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in children and adolescents from focuses of chemoresistant tuberculosis infection","authors":"O. Sakhelashvili–­Bil","doi":"10.30978/tb-2022-3-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb-2022-3-27","url":null,"abstract":"Objective — to study the features of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis of the lungs of respiratory organs in children and adolescents from focuses of chemoresistant tuberculosis infection. \u0000Materials and methods. To study the features of the course of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB), an analysis of clinical, X-ray, microbiological, and generally accepted laboratory examinations was conducted in 256 patients (102 children and 154 adolescents), who were divided into two groups The main group included 145 patients with MDR-TB: of them, 67 (42.2 %) children and 78 (53.8 %) teenagers from focuses of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis infection (MDR-TBI). The control group consisted of 146 patients with «chemosusceptible» pulmonary tuberculosis (CS-TB), of which 70 (47.9 %) were children and 76 (52.1 %) were adolescents from focuses of chemosusceptible tuberculosis infection (CS-TBI). \u0000Results and discussion. In children with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB), along with classic forms of tuberculosis (primary tuberculosis complex — 14.9 % and tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes — 14.9 %), miliary tuberculosis (11.9 %), tuberculosis of the lungs and central nervous system (5.9 %), caseous pneumonia (8.9 %) and fibro-cavernous tuberculosis (4.5 %) were diagnosed. In the case of MDR-TB of the lungs, adolescents were statistically significantly more likely to be diagnosed with infiltrative tuberculosis (29.4 %) and disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis (35.9 %). At the same time, destructive changes were observed 1.6 times more often in adolescents with MDR-TB than in children, especially with multiresistant specific process (70.5 % vs. 43.3 %, p < 0.05).In children with MDR-TB, 3.5 times more often than in chemosusceptible tuberculosis, signs of the progression of a specific process due to lymphogenous and hematogenous dissemination in the form of tuberculosis of peripheral, intrathoracic and mesenteric lymph nodes, miliary tuberculosis were observed in adolescents, along with complications of a specific complications of a non-specific nature were observed: respiratory failure and non-specific catarrhal endobronchitis). In both children and adolescents, the intensity of bacterial excretion is greater in the presence of MDR-TB than in CS-TB. In the foci of multiresistant infection, an almost complete coincidence of the nature of MTB resistance in children with the source of infection was established. However, teenagers are most often found to be resistant to the combination of HRSE (66.1 %), HRESZ (13.6 %), unlike adults and children. \u0000Conclusions. The majority of contact children and adolescents with MDR-TB was detected when referring to a general practitioner or a pediatrician (62.3 % of children and 70.5 % of adolescents), which became the main reason for underdiagnosis of tuberculosis in children and adolescents in general. Our studies show the importance of a thorough examination of all contact children and a","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133218881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimally invasive assisted surgeries in surgical treatment of patients with chemoresistent tuberculosis","authors":"M. Opanasenko, O. Tereshkovich, V. Lysenko, M. Shamray, O. Shestakova, B. Konik, L. Levanda, M. I. Kalenichenko, S. Shalagay, S. Bilokon, A. Stepaniuk","doi":"10.30978/tb-2022-2-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb-2022-2-24","url":null,"abstract":"Objective — to analyze in our own experience the possibility of using minimally invasive video-assisted resection surgery in the surgical treatment of patients with chemoresistant tuberculosis. \u0000Materials and methods. An analysis of the results was conducted application of 79 VATS resections in patients with HRTB for the period from 2008 to 2022. When selecting candidates for VATS resection, preference was given to patients with limited peripheral processes. \u0000Results and discussion. Among the operated patients in almost half of the cases a typical VATS-lobectomy was performed — 40 (50.6 %). The most common typical upper lobectomy on the right was 14 (16.8 %) observations. In second place in terms of frequency are segmental resections: typical segmentec­tomy — 16 (19.2 %); atypical segmentectomy — 11 (13.2 %) observations. Other types of VATS resections were performed less frequently: pulmonectomy — 5 (6 %), lower whitebectomy — 3 (3.6 %), combined resection of the lower lobe and S6 — 4 (4.8 %) observations.The most frequently studied patients were operated on for tuberculosis 36 (43.2 %), on the second stage of the operation were performed for pulmonary FCT — 33 (39.6 %) observations. There were 4 (4.8 %) patients operated on for cerotic tuberculosis. Pulmonary FCT — 33 (39.6 %). Operations for pneumothorax, hemoptysis and HRT complicated by aspergilloma were performed 2 (2.4 %) in each of the nosologies. The results show that the indications for VATS operations were limited forms of HRTB. \u0000Conclusions. VATS-resections of the lung lobe are minimally invasive and promising treatments that provide anatomical preparation of the elements of the root of the lung. They can be considered as an alternative to open lobectomy. Extensive use of this method is hampered by severe pulmonary fibrosis and the connective tissue process, due to the long inflammatory process and long-term medical treatment, and the cost of endoscopic instruments.","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127796201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the risk of developing EBV­-associated lymphoma in HIV-­infected patients","authors":"O. Kushnierova, L. Shostakovich–­Koretska, K. Lytvyn, O. Shevelova","doi":"10.30978/tb2022-2-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb2022-2-12","url":null,"abstract":"Objective — to increase the efficiency of predicting the development of EBV-associated lymphomas in patients with HIV infection. \u0000Materials and methods. In order to improve the prediction of the development of Epstein—Barr associated lymphomas in HIV-infected patients, a comparative analysis of various indicators (clinical-epidemiological, laboratory, serological, etc.) was carried out in 57 HIV patients who had clinical and laboratory confirmation of the presence of co-infection with the Epstein—Barr.Of the 57 patients, manifestations of primary CNS lymphoma were registered in 7 patients (12.3 %), another 1 patient was diagnosed with B-cell large cell lymphoma of the frontal sinus, centroblastic variant (1.8 %), in 1 patient — Burkitt’s lymphoma with lesions of the cervical lymph nodes (1.8 %). To clarify the main trends in the development of lymphomas in patients with HIV and EBV coinfection, a detailed analysis was carried out in two groups: the main group consisted of 9 patients with lymphomas, the remaining 48 patients without detected neoplasms formed the comparison group. \u0000Results and discussion. To improve the efficiency of the forecast, multifactorial logistic regressions were constructed, taking into account not only the independent, but also the joint influence of the considered risk factors. To do this, the sum of the scores for each observation was calculated using the corresponding predictive coefficient rank qualification created using the Wald analysis. Based on a multivariate prognostic model, an algorithm was created to determine the risk of developing EBV-associated lymphomas in patients co-infected with EBV and HIV. \u0000Conclusions.The created algorithm for determining the risk of developing EBV-associated lymphomas in patients with HIV makes it possible to identify patients with different risks of developing lymphomas under conditions of infection with EBV and HIV, which further creates the possibility for predicting an unfavorable course of HIV infection.The proposed algorithm has a high predictive efficiency, which makes it possible to determine the risk at the individual level and lays the foundation for optimizing the diagnosis of Epstein—Barr virus infection in HIV-infected patients.","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132464259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of the chemo­drug resistance of M. tuberculosis to anti­tuberculous medications among children and adolescents from multidrug­resistant tuberculous focies","authors":"M. Sakhelashvili, O. Kostyk, O. Sakhelashvili–­Bil, Z. Piskur, J.J. Didyk","doi":"10.30978/tb-2022-2-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb-2022-2-5","url":null,"abstract":"Objective — to study the peculiarities of the resistance of M. tuberculosis (MTB) to antimycobacterial drugs (AMBD) among children and adolescents living in multidrug-resistant tuber­culous focies. \u0000Materials and methods. 246 children were examined, 145 of them had drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), 101 children — susceptible form of the specific process, and 102 adult patients who became the source of the disease. Microbiological study in children, adolescents and adults included: detection of MTB in sputum by smear microscopy, seeding on Levenstein—Jensen medium, typing of isolated MTB on BACTEC MGIT 960, determination of drug susceptibility test of MTB strains to AMBD I and II lines, and molecular genetic testing of sputum, including the Gene Xpert MTB/RIF method and the Hain Lifescience linear probe analysis. \u0000Results and discussion. Researches show that children under one year of age (29.8 %) and up to 4 years of age (73.1 %) are the most vulnerable to TB in the multidrug-resistant tuberculous focies. Study of the resistance profile of MTB in multidrug-resistant foci was found almost complete coincidence of the profile of the resistance of MTB in children with a source of infection. In particular, children from contact compared with sick adolescents are in 3.5 times more likely to be resistant to the combination of HRS, in 2.7 times — to HR, in 1.8 times — to HRE, in 2.7 times less often — to HRESZ, in 1.6 times — to HRES. In adolescents resistance is most often found to the combination of HRSE (66.1 %), HRESZ (13.6 %), in contrast to the source of TB infection and children. Extensive drug resistance is 2.8 times more common in adolescents than in children (14.1 % vs. 5.0 %, p > 0.01). \u0000Conclusions. Researches have shown a high risk of MDR-TB of lungs among children (42.7 %) from multidrug-resistant tuberculous focies. This indicates the need to improve the methods of obtaining respiratory samples to determine the susceptibility/resistance of MTB to AMBD. In the centers of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis infection, more than a third of children (35.8 %) were not vaccinated in the maternity hospital and no chemoprophylaxis was prescribed for contact persons.","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125915974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The course of pregnancy and relapse of tuberculosis after COVID-19","authors":"О. Raznatovska, O. S. Shalmin, V. Syusyuka, Yu. V. Mironchuk, A. Fedorec, O. Svitlytska","doi":"10.30978/tb-2022-2-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb-2022-2-29","url":null,"abstract":"The own observation of pregnancy and tuberculosis after COVID-19 in a patient who was treated in the pulmonary tuberculosis department N 2 of the Zaporizhia Regional Phthisiopulmonology Clinical Medical Diagnostic Center is presented. According to the presented clinical case, a woman, who had pulmonary tuberculosis 9 years ago, underwent mild COVID-19 at the 20th week of pregnancy and did not receive any treatment. The patient had of the dispensary observation in the phthisiatrician and regularly underwent preventive check-­up, because of her previous tuberculosis. However, the patient was hospitalized in the intensive care unit of the PNE «Regional Perinatal Center» ZRC with moderate preeclampsia, signs of intrauterine fetal hypoxia, in which the mother needed medical care, at the 32nd week of pregnancy. Three days after hospitalization, in view of the fetal distress and preeclampsia, it was made a decision to perform assisted delivery by cesarean section. The child was born alive, vertical transmission of COVID-19 was not diagnosed. Taking into account the history of tuberculosis in anamnesis, the woman underwent X-­ray examination of the thoracic cavity organs, where the reactivation of a specific process, on the background of metatuberculous changes, were revealed. The woman was diagnosed of multidrug­-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-­TB) with a destructive process in the lungs by further examination, that’s why, she was hospitalized to Zaporizhia Regional Clinical and Diagnostic Center of Phthysiatry and Pulmonology» of Zaporizhia Regional Council for further treatment. A course of antimycobacterial therapy (AMBT), according to the modified short­-term treatment regimen, was prescribed to the patient. Against the background of AMBT, rapid positive dynamics was determined: stable cessation of bacterial excretion was determined after 1 month of AMBT, and healing of destruction with the formation of residual post-­tuberculosis changes — after 2 months. The presented clinical case demonstrates the negative impact of COVID-19 both on the course of pregnancy (moderate preeclampsia, which led to cesarean section at 32nd weeks of pregnancy) and on the reactivation of the tuberculous process, with its course in the form of MDR­-TB.","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125288447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life quality, anxiety and depression in patients with сhronic obstructive pulmonary disease (literature review)","authors":"O. Shevchenko, V. Kiba, V. Petrenko, L. Todoriko, O. Pohorielova","doi":"10.30978/tb-2022-2-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb-2022-2-41","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an irreversible disease, the main symptoms of which are shortness of breath and cough. With progression, these symptoms worsen the patients’ life quality, limit their physical activity and lead to psychological problems. COPD is the fourth most common disease in the world and one of the leading causes of death. A review of epidemiological studies shows that depression occurs in patients with COPD in 6—80 % of cases, with an average of about 40 %. Also, these patients often have anxiety disorders in 10 to 55 % of cases.158 literature sources in Pubmed database on request COPD AND depression AND anxiety for last 10 years were included to the study and 44 of them were selected for further detailed study.According to the analysis of literature sources, possible relationships between COPD, life quality, anxiety and depressive disorders were found, approaches to their detection, monitoring and treatment were described, as well as the importance of controlling COPD symptoms to improve the patients’ life quality and reduce the manifestations of psychological and mental disorders. Evidence has been found indicating that an increase in physical activity when COPD symptoms are controlled changes the state of functioning of central monoamines, increases the regulation of the hypothalamic­-pituitary-­adrenal system, increases the release of endogenous opioids and decreases the severity of systemic inflammation, which reduces the manifestations of anxiety and depression.Due to the bidirectional relationship of patients’ life quality, depression and anxiety, and COPD, the most effective is an integrated approach that improves the patient’s condition through the impact on both physical and psychological factors. However, there is still a need for randomized trials to definitively study the benefits of psychological, pharmacological, and combined treatments for depression and anxiety disorders in COPD.","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130737660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibilities of radiomics in processing data of CT scan of the chest organs in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis","authors":"M. Lynnyk, I. Liskina, І.А. Kalabukha, V. Ignatieva, O. Tarasenko","doi":"10.30978/tb-2022-2-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/tb-2022-2-36","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows the possibility of applying radiomics in the processing of chest CT data in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Currently, a subjective method based on the knowledge and experience of a radiologist is used to process CT images. A new approach to CT image analysis can fundamentally change the diagnostic process. Its essence is to create mathematical models and computer algorithms that take medical images as input and produce pathophysiological features of tissues.Dragonfly software, provided free of charge by OBYECT RESERCH SYSTEMS (ORS), Montreal, Canada, is used for CT slice analysis, which enables segmentation, mathematical and statistical processing of images, construction of ordinary and segmented histograms. To work with the program, dicom - CT files are transformed into raster files (Tiff, Jpeg, Raw) and further analysis of CT slices is performed by grayscale gradations (behind image pixels, not behind dicom file voxels). It should be emphasized that the grayscale analysis correlates with the Hounsfield units.It has been shown that based on the data of pathomorphological examination of the affected tissue, it is impossible to determine the difference between chemoresistant and susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis.Processing of CT data with the construction of conventional and segmental histograms using Dragonfly software tools makes it possible to identify pathophysiological features of tissues in the diagnosis of sensitive and chemoresistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Further research is needed to identify patterns and differences in the determination of densities in the diagnosis of sensitive and chemoresistant pulmonary tuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":292478,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128710241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}