Prevalence and structure of inflammatory periodontal diseases in tuberculosis in school-age children

Abstract

Objective — to study the prevalence and structure of inflammatory periodontal diseases in respiratory tuberculosis patients and infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) school-aged children. Materials and methods. The examination was carried out in 168 (100 %) patients with respiratory tuberculosis and MBT-infected children and adolescents of school age (from 6 to 17 years) with inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues. Among the examined schoolchildren, 102 (60.72 %) were school-aged children with respiratory tuberculosis (the first group). The second group included 66 (39.28 %) infected MTB schoolchildren. The control group consisted of 45 practically healthy school-age children. The conducted examination of the dental status included the study of the prevalence of periodontal pathology, the intensity of the lesion and the severity of its course in different age groups of school children. Results and discussion. It was established that the prevalence of periodontal tissue disease in school-aged children with tuberculosis ((87.25 ± 2.36) %) and MTB-infected ((65.15 ± 2.15) %) exceeded that of healthy children ((24.45 ± 2.12) %) by 4.0 and 3.7 times, respectively. The most common pathology was an inflammatory lesion of the gums in the form of catarrhal gingivitis, which was almost 4 times higher than such data in children of the control group. The course of catarrhal gingivitis was diagnosed in the form of acute, chronic and exacerbation of the chronic process. At the same time as the prevalence of catarrhal gingivitis increased with age, the frequency of periodontitis increased in the children of the examined groups, the prevalence of which was most pronounced among patients with tuberculosis, much less among those infected with MTB. The assessment of the intensity of periodontal tissue damage using the PMA index revealed its increase with age, most pronounced among patients with tuberculosis, somewhat less among those infected with MTB. Conclusions. The prevalence of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues in patients with respiratory tuberculosis and MTB-infected children increases with age and is manifested by gum damage in the form of both catarrhal gingivitis and periodontitis, the highest prevalence of this pathology was observed among 15—17-year-old schoolchildren with pulmonary tuberculosis, less is expressed in infected MTB.