Corrosion SciencePub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113638
Lifei Zhang , Jialei Zhang , Xinchun Lu
{"title":"Ultraviolet catalysis assisted chemical mechanical polishing of cobalt: Mechanism of corrosion inhibition and atomic-level planarization","authors":"Lifei Zhang , Jialei Zhang , Xinchun Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the feature sizes of integrated circuits shrink to 5 nm node and below, interconnection fabrication is approaching atomic-level precision requirements. Cobalt (Co) has emerged as a key interconnection material to replace copper due to its superior electrical property. However, achieving an atomically smooth Co surface remains challenging. This work modifies the conventional chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process by introducing ultraviolet catalysis (UV-CMP). The approach precisely controls the oxidation process of the Co surface via UV irradiation, enabling the formation of a protective passive layer that effectively inhibits corrosion. Experiments demonstrate that UV irradiation catalytically activates H2O2 to generate highly reactive hydroxyl radical (·OH), facilitating the rapid formation of a dense and protective Co3O4 passivation layer on Co surface. Under the optimized condition, the in-situ formed passivation layer effectively suppresses corrosive dissolution and yields an atomically smooth surface with a roughness as low as 0.15 nm, representing a nearly 50 % reduction compared to the non-UV-irradiated case. Electrochemical measurements confirm the highest charge transfer resistance under the optimal condition, corroborating the exceptional surface protection capability of the passivation layer. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that ·OH exhibits a much stronger electron-withdrawing capability than H₂O₂ on various Co surfaces, promoting substantial electron transfer from Co and thereby driving the surface to a higher oxidation state. This work elucidates the mechanism of photocatalytic passivation in the CMP of Co, thereby providing both theoretical insights and technical support for the atomic-level precision surface fabrication of Co interconnects at advanced technology nodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 113638"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corrosion SciencePub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113607
Gareth Jones , Patrick Keil , Enrico Andreoli , Stephen Shearan , Geraint Williams
{"title":"Investigating the anticorrosion properties of inhibitor-modified perfluorinated cerium-based metal-organic frameworks on the cathodic delamination of organically coated galvanised steel","authors":"Gareth Jones , Patrick Keil , Enrico Andreoli , Stephen Shearan , Geraint Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The corrosion protection and inhibitor delivery properties of the F4_MIL-140A(Ce) metal organic framework (Ce-MOF in short) in preventing corrosion-driven cathodic delamination when dispersed within polyvinylbutyral (PVB) coatings applied to hot-dip galvanized steel is investigated. The inhibition efficiency of F4_MIL-140A(Ce) is evaluated using time-lapse imaging and an in-situ scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) technique to quantify coating delamination rates. Delamination rates become progressively reduced upon addition of increasing quantities of F4_MIL-140A(Ce) to the PVB, which is attributed to the release of the organic linker into the underfilm electrolyte. The properties of F4_MIL-140A(Ce) as a means of storing and releasing potential inhibition species is investigated by adsorbing Benzotriazole, 8-hydroxyquinoline and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole on the surface of the Ce-MOF to produce a series of pigments which were subsequently dispersed within PVB. The incorporation of all inhibitors to F4_MIL-140A(Ce) significantly improves performance, with no delamination observed over a 24 h period when stored 2-mercaptobenzothiazole is present. Quantification of inhibitor release from the F4_MIL-140A(Ce) pigment is confirmed by UV–vis and SEM/EDX analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 113607"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corrosion SciencePub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113606
Naizhi Liu , Chengze Liu , Jinping Wu , Jianping Xu , Yi Liu , Zhonglin Shen , Lai-Chang Zhang , Yusheng Zhang
{"title":"Ti-induced amorphous/nanocrystalline oxide films enabling high-potential SCC immunity to zirconium alloys in nitric acid","authors":"Naizhi Liu , Chengze Liu , Jinping Wu , Jianping Xu , Yi Liu , Zhonglin Shen , Lai-Chang Zhang , Yusheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To mitigate stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and improve the breakdown resistance of Zr alloys in high-temperature nitric acid, we developed a series of Zr-Ti alloys with varying Ti contents. Their mechanical and electrochemical properties were evaluated by slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests in 6 M HNO<sub>3</sub> at 95 °C under both open-circuit potential (OCP) and a constant potential of 1.5 V conditions. While pure Zr exhibited brittle fracture and significant oxide thickening (∼96 μm) with severe cracking at 1.5 V, Zr702L (Zr-6Ti) maintained superior strength and ductility, forming only a nanoscale, crack-free oxide film. We found that the addition of Ti facilitated the formation of a dense hybrid oxide film composed of nanocrystalline ZrO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> and an amorphous phase. Compared with other works, this composite structure ensured the preservation of the alloy's mechanical integrity while concurrently inhibited crack initiation and blocked the invasion of corrosive species. Our results highlight the critical role of Ti in stabilizing the oxide film and enhancing the SCC resistance of Zr alloys under aggressive electrochemical conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 113606"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corrosion SciencePub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113600
Jun Wu , Ke Zhao , Da Wang , Sirui Liu , Xianfeng Ma
{"title":"Unveiling the dual corrosion mechanisms of 15–15Ti austenitic steel in lead-bismuth eutectic: The pivotal role of manganese","authors":"Jun Wu , Ke Zhao , Da Wang , Sirui Liu , Xianfeng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) is a promising coolant for advanced nuclear systems, but its corrosion compatibility with structural steels remains a critical challenge. This work reports an unusual corrosion behavior of 15–15Ti austenitic stainless steel in oxygen-controlled (5 ×10<sup>−7</sup> wt%) LBE at 550 ℃. Through a combined microscale and nanoscale characterization approach (SEM, EDS, EBSD, TEM), two distinct oxidation morphologies are identified. The first is a conventional triplex structure with an outer magnetite layer, an inner Fe-Cr spinel, and a Ni-rich internal oxidation zone (IOZ). The second is an unusual structure, characterized by an outer magnetite layer, an epitaxially-grown Mn-Cr spinel layer sandwiched between two nanoscale Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layers, atop a ferritization zone. The Mn-Cr spinel forms via a solid-state transformation from an initial Fe-Cr spinel, driven by Mn diffusion, which densifies the oxide and significantly retards its growth. However, this Mn-Cr spinel layer is susceptible to LBE penetration, leading to complex LBE decomposition and Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> precipitation within the ferrite layer. The ferritization process is shown to initiate via solid-state diffusion, forming a continuous layer, and progresses via a dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism, resulting in a fragmented morphology. This study provides novel insights into the critical role of minor alloying elements, particularly Mn, in steering corrosion pathways, offering essential guidance for designing corrosion-resistant steels for LBE service.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 113600"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corrosion SciencePub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113625
Yuanxing Ning , Peixun Yang , Ming Song , Yan Wang , Yuxing Li , Cuiwei Liu , Cailin Wang
{"title":"Investigation on hydrogen embrittlement behaviour of X65 steel base metal and girth weld metal under in-situ hydrogen environment","authors":"Yuanxing Ning , Peixun Yang , Ming Song , Yan Wang , Yuxing Li , Cuiwei Liu , Cailin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigates the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) behavior of X65 pipeline steel base metal (BM) and weld metal (WM) in gaseous hydrogen environments. The hydrogen permeation characteristics, fatigue properties and fracture behaviour of both the BM and WM under various hydrogen partial pressure environments were considered intensively. Electron backscatter scanning diffraction (EBSD) was employed to characterize crystallographic features of the BM and WM. The results indicate that the BM exhibits no pronounced texture and contains a low proportion of high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs). The WM shows distinct texture and possesses relatively low dislocation density. Under in-situ gaseous hydrogen charging conditions, the hydrogen diffusivity for various regions of WM are about half an order of magnitude greater than that of the BM. With the increase of hydrogen partial pressure, the correlation between partial pressure and the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) weakens. At the hydrogen partial pressure of 1.26 MPa, the FCGRR of WM is approximately 1.4 times that of the BM, which is more susceptible to hydrogen effects. Macroscopic and microscopic analyzes of the specimen fracture surfaces were conducted using a 3D super depth of field microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Comparing with BM specimens, WM specimens accompany more abundant brittle fracture characteristics and exhibit lower fracture toughness. Under the identical hydrogen partial pressure, the embrittlement index (EI) of BM and WM are comparable, whereas the fracture toughness of WM was approximately 37.7 % and 14.6 % lower than those of BM respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 113625"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corrosion SciencePub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113608
Jinghua Tian , Linqian Wang , Bingqiang Wei , Min Zha , Xiangyang Yuan , Shenbao Jin , Fei Zhang , Zulai Li , Hui-Yuan Wang
{"title":"Laser-assisted wire-arc additive manufacturing of Mg-Al-Ce-Mn-Ca alloy with enhanced corrosion resistance","authors":"Jinghua Tian , Linqian Wang , Bingqiang Wei , Min Zha , Xiangyang Yuan , Shenbao Jin , Fei Zhang , Zulai Li , Hui-Yuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mg alloys prepared by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) typically exhibit low corrosion resistance due to the presence of defects and microstructural inhomogeneities. In this study, laser was integrated into the WAAM process of a Mg-0.7Al-0.6Ce-0.5Mn-0.5Ca (wt%) alloy to tailor its microstructure. The influence of laser input power on alloy’s microstructural characteristics, including defect, grain size, texture and residual stress was systematically investigated. Furthermore, the resulting changes in corrosion behavior associated with these microstructural modifications were examined. The results reveal that applying a laser power of 200 W significantly reduced both defect size and grain size, which mitigated pitting corrosion and enhanced the protectiveness of the surface film. Consequently, a corrosion rate of 1.37 mm/y in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was achieved, ∼28.6 % lower than that of the alloy prepared without laser assistance (1.92 mm/y). However, excessive laser power (e.g. 500 W) led to the formation of coarse grains with non-basal orientation and high residual stress, which preferentially corroded and initiated severe localized corrosion, increasing the corrosion rate to 2.61 mm/y. Overall, these findings demonstrate that incorporating laser heating with optimized input power is an effective strategy to enhance the corrosion resistance of WAAM-fabricated Mg alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 113608"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corrosion SciencePub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113603
Zhumin Li , Yuan Li , Jiansheng Li , Yusheng Li , Yuehong Zheng , Wei Jiang , Ao Meng , Qingzhong Mao , Yonghao Zhao
{"title":"Microstructural characteristics and oxidation behaviors of heat-resistant Cu-Ni-Al alloys with co-addition of Cr and Zr","authors":"Zhumin Li , Yuan Li , Jiansheng Li , Yusheng Li , Yuehong Zheng , Wei Jiang , Ao Meng , Qingzhong Mao , Yonghao Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of advanced copper alloys with excellent oxidation resistance and high thermal stability is crucial for the application of key hot-end components. Herein, we systematically investigate the effects of the co-addition of Cr and Zr on the microstructure and oxidation behavior of coherent γ' phase-strengthened Cu-Ni-Al alloys. Through comprehensive microstructural characterization, thermodynamic calculations, and first-principles calculation, their microstructural evolution and oxidation resistance mechanisms were elucidated. The results indicate that the strong negative mixing enthalpies of Cr-Ni (Δ<em>H</em><sub>Ni-Cr</sub> = −7 kJ/mol) and Zr-Ni (Δ<em>H</em><sub>Ni-Zr</sub> = −49 kJ/mol) facilitate the complete solid solution of Cr and Zr in the γ and γ′ phases of the Cu<sub>49.66</sub> alloy. With increasing Cu content, the volume fraction and size of the γ′ phase decreases, and excess Cr and Zr precipitate predominantly as BCC-Cr and Ni<sub>5</sub>Zr phases. When the Cu content is ≤ 86.66 at%, the alloys exhibit outstanding oxidation resistance, with mass gains of only 0.22–3.54 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> at 850 ℃. This behavior is attributed to: (1) Cr promotes the formation of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layer and healing its micro-defects via rapid diffusion, suppressing cation/anion interdiffusion; (2) Zr possesses a pronounced tendency for grain boundary segregation, effectively impeding oxygen diffusion along grain boundaries. (3) BCC-Cr and Ni<sub>5</sub>Zr phases exhibiting high oxygen adsorption energies (−8.79 eV and −7.62 eV, respectively), which enhance surface oxygen adsorption and promote the formation of a protective oxide scale. This study provides both theoretical and experimental foundations for the composition design and oxidation protection of high-temperature-resistant copper alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 113603"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corrosion SciencePub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113636
Haoxuan Feng , Shuai Li , Yao Du , Mingyu Wu , Mingli Shen , Zebin Bao , Shenglong Zhu , Fuhui Wang
{"title":"Effects of Pt contents on oxidation behavior of single-phase Pt-modified γ′-Ni3Al","authors":"Haoxuan Feng , Shuai Li , Yao Du , Mingyu Wu , Mingli Shen , Zebin Bao , Shenglong Zhu , Fuhui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comparative study was conducted on the isothermal oxidation behavior at 1050 °C of three Pt modified single-phase γ′ alloys with different Pt contents (12, 16 and 30 at%) and the binary γ′-Ni<sub>3</sub>Al in air. Results revealed that 12 at% Pt was high enough to form a continuous external alumina scale. Both the growth rate and the residual stress of the alumina scale were significantly reduced by Pt addition, and the higher Pt content, the lower oxidation rate and residual stress. Besides, Pt suppressed the formation of interfacial voids, and retarded the phase transformation from θ → α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, while delayed the γ' → γ transformation in the underlying metals. Analysis thought that the enhanced Al diffusion rate by Pt modification may play key roles in promoting the selective oxidation of Al, while the reduced Al activity may play minor roles. This work strongly suggests that addition of 30 at% Pt in single-phase γ′ coating is favorable to low oxidation rate and excellent scale adherence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 113636"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corrosion SciencePub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113589
Long Zhou , Xu Zhang , Ziyu Zhang , Jibo Tan , Xinqiang Wu
{"title":"Effect of strain amplitudes and ductility dip cracking on corrosion fatigue behavior of stainless steel weld metal in high-temperature pressurized water","authors":"Long Zhou , Xu Zhang , Ziyu Zhang , Jibo Tan , Xinqiang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corrosion fatigue (CF) behavior of stainless steel weld metal in high temperature water environment at the strain rate of 0.004 %s<sup>−1</sup> was investigated under different strain amplitudes (0.3 %, 0.6 %, 0.8 %). A degradation in fatigue life was observed and the environmental fatigue correction factor (F<sub>en</sub>) increased with decreasing strain amplitude. Intergranular ductility dip cracking (DDC) welding defects were found in stainless steel weld metal, promoting initiation and propagation of CF cracks. It was found that stress concentration and the obstruction of Cr oxides at the γ/δ phase boundary increased the susceptibility to phase boundary cracking under high strain amplitude. Mechanisms involving DDC cracks, strain amplitude, phase boundary and δ-ferrite on CF damage are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 113589"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}