ERN: Process (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Kişisel Verilerin Korunmasında Avukatın Rolü (The Role of the Lawyer In The Protection Of Personal Data)","authors":"M. Dülger","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3792338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3792338","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Turkish Abstract:</b> KVKK’nın getirdiği yükümlülükleri ihlal eden tüzel kişilerin ifşası ile idari para cezalarında yeniden değerleme oranlarına göre yapılan artışlardan dolayı cezaların üst sınırı iki milyon Türk Lirasına yaklaşsa da o zamanki hali ile üst sınırı bir milyon Türk Lirasını bulan cezaların verilmeye başlanması tüm sektörlerde hareketlenme yaşanmasına yol açtı. Bir anda, özellikle müşterilerini doğrudan gerçek kişilerin oluşturduğu sektörler, şirketlerini kanuna uyumlu hale getirecek kişilerin ve kurumların arayışı içine girdiler. İstedikleri iki şey vardı; az para harcayarak uyumlu hale gelmek ve idari para cezalarından kaçınmak. Bunu gerçekleştirmek için veri sorumlularının karşısına iki farklı alanda faaliyet gösteren iki aktör ve iki seçenek çıktı: KVKK’ya uyumlu hale gelmek ve yasal yükümlülükleri yerine getirmek için ya bilişim şirketleri ile anlaşarak bilişim uzmanlarıyla ya da avukatlık büroları ile anlaşarak avukatlar ile çalışmak. VERBİS kaydının son süresinin yeni uzatıldığı bugünlerde de bilişim şirketleri ve uzmanları ile avukatlık büroları ve avukatlar arasında uyum projelerinin yürütülmesi konusundaki çatışma, sıklıkla ve özellikle sosyal medyada yer almaya devam ediyor. Aslında ben de uyum projeleri yürüten bir avukatlık bürosunda yer aldığım için, öznel düşüncelerini yansıtıyor eleştirisinden kaçınmak için bugüne kadar bu tartışmaya girmek istemedim. Gelişmeleri ve tartışmaları yakından takip etmekle sınırlı kaldım. Ancak bugüne kadar sözlü olarak belirttiğimiz bu tartışmaya ilişkin görüşlerimi artık yazıya dökmek istedim.<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b>: Even though the upper limit of the penalties approached to two million Turkish Liras due to the disclosure of legal persons who violated the obligations of the KVKK and the increases made in the administrative fines according to the revaluation rates, the imposition of penalties with the upper limit of one million Turkish Liras as it was at that time led to movement in all sectors. Suddenly, sectors of which customers were directly formed by real persons were in search of individuals and institutions that would make their companies compliant with the law. There were two things they wanted; Compliance by spending little money and avoiding administrative fines. In order to achieve this, data controllers face two actors operating in two different fields and two options: To comply with KVKK and to fulfill legal obligations, either agree with IT companies and work with lawyers in agreement with IT specialists or lawyers. Nowadays, when the deadline of VERBIS registration has just been extended, the conflict between IT companies and experts and lawyers and lawyers in the implementation of harmonization projects continues to take place frequently and especially on social media. Actually, I have not wanted to enter into this discussion to avoid the criticism that it reflects subjective opinions, as I am also in a law firm that conducts integration projects. I was limit","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128289935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green in-store Processes and Sustainability of Large Retailers in Pakistan: The Role of Green Supply Chain Processes","authors":"Maria Mairaj, D. Siddiqui","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3757821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3757821","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – Green supply chain management and sustainability research is mostly made on studies focusing on manufacturing companies, while research on the retail sector is missing. Moreover, literature, still lack the mechanism through which the green in-store process leads to sustainable performance. For this, we applied the Petljak et. al. (2018) model to large retailers of Pakistan. We hypothesize a strong interaction between green in-store activities, GSCM, and performance outcomes. We also assess the Triple Bottom Line in retail separately. Green In-Store Process was measured by 1. Water and Energy Management (E&amp;W), 2. Waste Management (WM), and 3. Green Consumption (GC). Green Supply Chain constitutes 1, Green Logistics (GL), 2. Green Purchasing (GP), 3. Co-operation with Supplier (CWS). And Finally, Sustainability was measured by TBL i.e., Environmental (ENV), Economic (ECO), and Social (SOC) Performance.<br><br>Design/methodology/approach – The paper builds on empirical evidence gathered from 70 supermarkets and larger retail stores in Pakistan using a close-ended questionnaire. It is qualitative research. The identified relationships in the conceptual model are tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling. <br><br>Findings – The results show a positive relationship between all green in-store activities and all three sustainability performance. Similarly, green in-store activities also seem to positively affect Green Purchasing (GP) and Co-operation with Supplier (CWS). GP and CWS in turn affect social and environmental outcomes. Hence there seems to be a clear mediatory effect of GP and CMW in the impact of green in-store activities on social and environmental performance. Green logistics (GL) also seems to have a strong and positive mediation in explaining the effect of green consumption on economic and environmental performance.<br><br>Implications – It is recommended that organizations, particularly big retailers in Pakistan should focus on environmental problems and executing green practices to get long term benefit.<br><br>Originality/value – Although the number of studies conducted on environmental issues increases in Pakistan, but this is the first study that has capture GSCM along with TBL on the big scale retail sector of Pakistan. Moreover, it is the first empirical analysis on the relationship between green in-store activities and GSCM that has cover social performance as well as performance outcomes in the context of Pakistan. <br>","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114686646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Обнаружение сговора на государственных закупках в России (Collusion Detection on Public Procurement in Russia)","authors":"Aleksey Rey, Dmitriy Shagarov, Ekaterina Andronova, Glafira O. Molchanova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3634005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3634005","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> При государственных закупках на рынках часто возникают ситуации, когда участники, вместо того, чтобы конкурировать друг с другом за государственные контракты, распределяют между собой доли на рынке государственного заказа и завышают ценовой уровень выше конкурентного. В настоящей работе предлагается использовать методы эконометрики, математической статистики и машинного обучения для прогнозирования вероятности того, что закупка с участием данных контрагентов на стороне поставщика и других кандидатов на победу в конкурсе, будет предметом успешной жалобы в ФАС с точки зрения картельного сговора между поставщиками.<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> In public procurement in the markets, situations often arise when participants, instead of competing with each other for government contracts, distribute shares in the public procurement market and overestimate the price level above the competitive one. In this paper, it is proposed to use the methods of econometrics, mathematical statistics and machine learning to predict the likelihood that a purchase involving these counterparties on the supplier side and other candidates to win the competition will be the subject of a successful complaint to the FAS in terms of a cartel agreement between suppliers.","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129604956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Best of both Worlds: Expanding the Depth and Breadth of Multiple-Choice Questions","authors":"K. Siren","doi":"10.21125/inted.2020.1895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2020.1895","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple-choice questions are a common means of assessment thought to be an objective way to evaluate students’ knowledge recall. However, there are several limitations when utilizing multiple-choice questions for assessment. Depending upon the way the question is formulated, multiple-choice questions often do not allow for assessment of higher order cognitive skills. Well-designed short-answer questions are generally considered superior to multiple-choice questions at requiring students to analyse, synthesize, and apply their knowledge. Additionally, when answering multiple-choice questions, students may be able to guess the correct answers, thus nullifying the ability of the question to validly assess student knowledge. This paper introduces a type of expanded multiple-choice question requiring students to explain why they chose the answer they did. Such examination questions potentially capitalize on the advantages, and minimize the disadvantages, of traditional multiple-choice questions. This paper discusses the use of expanded multiple-choice questions for assessment and compares student responses to expanded multiple-choice questions vs. short-answer questions to determine the effectiveness of such questions in an undergraduate class in speech acoustics.","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128038041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Communication","authors":"Tiffany Nguyen, Shayla White, Kenneth Hall, Reginald L. Bell","doi":"10.33423/ajm.v19i2.2068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/ajm.v19i2.2068","url":null,"abstract":"Educational credentials and work experience are not enough to become an effective manager. In this article, we explore emotional intelligence (EI) and its effects on managerial communication. Our findings show continuous effort to improve your emotional courage leads to enhanced communication skills, better team environments and increased productivity. The literature on EI from books, published scholarly articles, and blogs are used to frame our argument. We find that corporations need managers to understand EI and personality strategies to enhance their managerial communication effectiveness. Managers will be able to improve their EI skills if they adhere to our 3 key takeaways: 1) master the four EI factors, 2) maintain personal identity by strengthening relationships, and 3) enhance your communication skills with practice.","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115045417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What a Difference a Word Makes: Understanding Threats to Performance in a VUCA World","authors":"N. Bennett, James Lemoine","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2406676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2406676","url":null,"abstract":"VUCA is an acronym that has recently found its way into the business lexicon. The components it refers to — volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity — are words that have been variously used to describe an environment which defies confident diagnosis and befuddles executives. In a 'VUCA world,' both pundits and executives have said, core activities essential to driving organizational performance — like strategic planning — are viewed as mere exercises in futility. VUCA conditions render useless any efforts to understand the future and to plan responses. When leaders are left with little to do other than wring their hands, organizational performance quickly falls at risk. In this installment of Organizational Performance, we demonstrate that by overlooking important differences in the conditions that volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity describe, we have disempowered leaders. We show how leaders can appreciate the differences among each of these challenging situations in order to properly allocate scarce resources to preserve and enhance organizational performance.","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129948621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positioning on a Multi-Attribute Landscape","authors":"Ron Adner, Felipe A. Csaszar, Peter Zemsky","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1553128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1553128","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding positioning is a central concern for strategy. We offer a rich, but tractable, formalization of competitive positioning that is explicit about how the success of firms’ policy choices in the face of competition is impacted by the multiple attributes along which firms can create value for consumers. On the supply side, our theory incorporates multiple organizational design choices; on the demand side, it incorporates heterogeneous buyers with preferences over multiple product attributes. Critical parameters are the extent of trade-offs firms face in setting attribute levels and the degree of interactions among organizational design decisions. We use a value-based approach to characterize competitive interactions in the marketplace. In contrast to classic arguments by Porter, we find that increasing the extent of trade-offs can increase the number of viable competitive positions that can be occupied in an industry, and thereby reduce the need for choice. In contrast to prior work on NK models of rugged landscapes, we find that increases in policy interdependencies among design decisions (i.e., increases in K) can decrease the number of viable competitive positions, and thereby reduce heterogeneity in competitive positions in an industry. Finally we use our model to examine the well known, but under-conceptualized, notion of \"stuck in the middle\" positions, and characterize the extent to which the Porterian claims regarding competitive disadvantage hold.","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128105753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Role of ‘Process’ in Value Co-Creation","authors":"A. Agrawal, Z. Rahman","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2434411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2434411","url":null,"abstract":"Existing research on value co-creation enumerates value as an outcome of co-creation process The purpose of this article is to lay emphasis on process, not only for its role in co-creation of value but process itself being a value. Process has been largely studied from the viewpoint of value creating framework between firm and customer. Value co-creation is divided into three phases i.e., pre, during and post value co-creation phase to make an elaborated inquiry of process aspect. Interaction implicit in co-creation is deemed to be the source of value for customers. The result provides fresh perspective on process dimension along with its significance as a value proposition for both firm and customer.","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128182127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metodología para el análisis de la gestión financiera en Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (Pymes) (Methodology for the Analysis of Financial Management in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs))","authors":"M. A. Vera-Colina","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2591117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2591117","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish Abstract: Tradicionalmente, los estudios sobre la problematica de las pequenas y medianas empresas (Pyme) se concentran en analizar los obstaculos y retos del entorno a los que se enfrentan estas organizaciones. En menor proporcion, algunos autores comienzan a interesarse en el tema de los procesos internos que utilizan las Pyme en sus operaciones y en sus sistemas de planificacion y control. La presente investigacion propone una metodologia de analisis de los procesos que caracterizan a la gestion financiera de las Pyme, como instrumento de diagnostico y base para la propuesta de programas de mejoramiento. En primer lugar se sigue un proceso de investigacion exploratoria, basada en la revision bibliografica de expertos en Pyme y temas financieros, con base en la cual se propone el cuestionario base de la metodologia disenada (validado por jueces y valorado como confiable en prueba piloto). Seguidamente, el cuestionario fue aplicado con un diseno de campo no experimental, transversal y correlacional, en una muestra de 64 Pyme venezolanas, para explicar la metodologia propuesta. Los resultados para esta muestra permiten afirmar que la variable gestion financiera muestra una presencia media en las empresas, con niveles medios y bajos de articulacion entre sus componentes. Se concluye que la metodologia presentada es util para analizar diferentes componentes de la gestion financiera en las Pyme, y que su aplicacion puede ser replicada en diferentes regiones y paises que permitan un analisis comparativo de los procesos internos en las organizaciones.English Abstract: Generally, most of the research related to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) tends to focus on analyzing the obstacles and challenges they confront outside the firms. Lesser extent, some authors discuss issues regarding to internal processes and their planning and control systems. This paper proposes a methodology for analyzing the financial management process of SMEs, as a tool for diagnosis and design of improvement programs. It is based on exploratory research and literature review of SME and financial matters, to propose a questionnaire that measures financial management qualities; it was validated by judges and assessed as reliable in pilot test. After that it was applied to a sample of 64 Venezuelan SMEs (cross-sectional design), to show how the suggested methodology works. The results for this sample show a trend of medium presence of financial management process in these companies, with low and medium levels of articulation between its components. We conclude that the proposed methodology is useful for analyzing different components of financial management in SMEs, and that its application can be replicated in different regions and countries that allow a comparative analysis of internal processes in organizations.","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133675025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic Reputation Building and Norm Enforcement: An Experimental Study in a Capital Budgeting Setting","authors":"M. Arnold, Dominik Schreiber","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1910108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1910108","url":null,"abstract":"This experimental study investigates the effects of the superiors’ and the subordinates’ abilities to build reputations on ex post controls in capital budgeting. Investigating reputational aspects is particularly important in the context of capital budgeting as there is strong evidence that norms and norm enforcement affect superior and subordinate behavior in this setting. This means that both the willingness to conduct ex post controls and the control intensity might crucially depend on the reputation building abilities of superiors and subordinates. In particular, both the subordinate reputation as a “norm violating subordinate” as well as the intention to strategically build a reputation as a “norm enforcing superior” to prevent future slack creation might be strong triggers of ex post controls. However, there is no or little evidence so far that superiors or subordinates (successfully) build reputations in capital budgeting and that counterparts react to these reputations. This is surprising given the high relevance of norm enforcement and its potential interaction with reputations as well as the high importance of reputation as an (auxiliary) control mechanism in many other settings. The findings of our experimental study indicate that both the superiors’ control willingness and their control intensity depend on the superiors’ and the subordinates’ abilities to build reputations. The results show that both the non-monetary motive of norm enforcement as well as the monetary motivation of self-interested superiors to build reputations as norm enforcing superiors strongly influence decisions to conduct ex post control. Moreover, we find that ex post controls like internal audits are particularly useful in disciplining slack creation when reputational mechanisms are relevant. This contributes to the literature in several important ways: First, we add to the evidence on the role of reputations in capital budgeting and contribute to solve conflicting evidence as to the importance of reputations in capital budgeting. Second, our results contribute to explain how different superior motivations to conduct controls affect their control willingness and the control intensity which contributes to explain the way controls are conducted. Finally, our findings add to the growing literature on the effects of socially-mediated controls and norm enforcing motives in management control processes. Our results imply that reputational considerations may represent an important (auxiliary) control mechanism for capital budgeting.","PeriodicalId":290908,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Process (Topic)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132487383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}