Construction and Building Materials最新文献

{"title":"Effect of waterborne polymer on mechanical properties, carbonation resistance and freeze-thaw resistance of cement mortar","authors":"Zuquan Jin ,&nbsp;Lingling Zhao ,&nbsp;Bo Pang ,&nbsp;Jin Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Song","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The performance of concrete infrastructure deteriorates with the extension of service time. Traditional cement repair materials have defects such as brittleness, poor interface bonding and insufficient durability. In this paper, a kind of waterborne epoxy resin emulsion (WEP) was designed and synthesized. The effects of WEP, vinyl acetate powder (VAE), styrene butadiene rubber emulsion (SBR) and waterborne polyurethane emulsion (WPU) on the properties of cement mortar were systematically studied, and the modification mechanism was explained. The experimental results show that the bending strength of WEP modified cement mortar is 13.47 MPa, which is 17.1 % higher than the control, and the bond strength is 1.69 MPa, which is 164.06 % higher than the control. VAE modified mortar showed similar excellent performance, while SBR and WPU modified effect was relatively weak. The uniform particle size distribution and optimal epoxy value of WEP synthesized by phase inversion emulsification technology enable it to form a continuous interpenetrating polymer network in the cement matrix, and significantly improve the carbonation resistance and chloride ion penetration resistance of the material. The microstructure analysis revealed that the epoxy group of WEP formed a chemical bond with the hydration product of cement, creating a strong and tough interface structure, and the molecular characteristics of different polymers determined the difference of their modification effects. When the P/C ratio is 15 %, the polymer network and cement hydration products form the best synergistic structure. The comprehensive performance evaluation shows that WEP and VAE modified mortar are especially suitable for repair applications with high performance requirements such as marine and hydraulic engineering, while SBR and WPU are more suitable for general maintenance engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142922"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carboxymethyl chitosan-mediated biomineralization for the bio-solidification of graphite tailings with different particle sizes: Strength, leaching, and mechanism","authors":"Chengwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Changbo Du ,&nbsp;Bing Liang ,&nbsp;Fu Yi ,&nbsp;Jiangshan Li ,&nbsp;Qi Sun ,&nbsp;Xiangguo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) and microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) are emerging mineralization technologies that improve soil mechanical properties and control heavy-metal pollutants. However, graphite tailings with different particle sizes exhibit substantially different mineralization uniformities and remediation performances during the mineralization process, which limits the effective application of EICP and MICP in tailing solidification. In this study, a novel method using carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-mediated biomineralization was proposed for the bio-solidification of graphite tailings with varying particle sizes. The application potential of CMCS in biomineralizing tailings of varying particle sizes was evaluated for the first time using unconfined compressive strength (UCS), CaCO₃ generation rate, heavy-metal leaching effect, and pH. CMCS-EICP and CMCS-MICP effectively addressed the significant decrease in solidification performance present in traditional biomineralization as the tailing particle size decreased. At CMCS contents of 0.15 % and 0.10 %, UCS increased by 664.3 kPa and 1022.7 kPa for particles &gt; 200 mesh compared to EICP and MICP, while CaCO₃ generation increased by 225.42 % and 307.74 %. The post-treatment leachate pH remained stable (7.90–8.37 and 8.01–8.46, respectively), and heavy metal ion fixation reached 90.97–100 % and 92.09–100 %, respectively. Microscopic characterization revealed that CMCS induced the formation and distribution of carbonate through the synergistic mechanism of electrostatic adsorption and chelation, while reshaping the pore structure of tailings by constructing a three-dimensional cross-linking network, thereby facilitating the formation of composite protective barriers and aggregates. These results provide a useful reference for the application of modified biomineralization technology in the multiscale bio-solidification of tailings with different particle sizes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142948"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An improved method to calculate stripping inflection point (SIP) and its application in evaluating moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures","authors":"Ping Jiang ,&nbsp;Bo Lin ,&nbsp;Yizhuang David Wang ,&nbsp;Jenny Liu ,&nbsp;Seyed Alireza Ghanoon","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately assessing asphalt mixtures’ moisture susceptibility is critical because moisture damage can significantly reduce pavement durability, leading to premature failure and structural integrity of the pavement. The stripping inflection point (SIP), a moisture susceptibility index derived from the Hamburg Wheel Track (HWT) test, has practical merits in evaluating moisture susceptibility. However, current methods for determining the SIP showed low accuracy and high variability due to poor regression quality. Hence, this study aims to propose an improved method for calculating the SIP by modifying existing approaches to better capture the characteristics of rutting curves. Typical asphalt mixtures were used to conduct moisture susceptibility tests. Results from the TSR (T283) test and the Moisture Induced Stress Tester (M.i.S.T) test were used to verify the effectiveness of SIP. Results showed that the proposed model provided a better fit than existing models due to its ability to identify steep upturn tails, and it yielded more reasonable SIP values with much lower variability. In addition, SIP results based on the improved method exhibited a significant correlation with the results from M.i.S.T method, suggesting a promising approach for evaluating the moisture susceptibility of mixtures under field conditions. It is noted that a significant discrepancy was observed between the recommended SIP threshold and existing SIP limits. This indicates the necessity of further assessing the evaluation methods for the moisture susceptibility of mixtures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142851"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing mechanical and microstructural properties of cement mortar using bio-based organic additives: A sustainable approach","authors":"Anila C. Shaju,&nbsp;Praveen Nagarajan,&nbsp;J. Sudhakumar,&nbsp;Blessen S. Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To effectively reduce the use of costly chemical admixtures for improving the mechanical and durability properties of cement mortar, this study investigates an alternative approach that involves the introduction of novel bio-based organic additives (OA) and evaluated their impact on the mechanical and microstructural properties of cement mortar. The OA formulation consists of extracts from Kulamavu bark (Persea macranta), Oonjaal Valli (Cissus glauca Roxb), Kadukkai (Haritaki), Ramacham (Chrysopogon zizanioides), and Jaggery, included at different dosages (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, and 25 % by weight of cement). Comprehensive experimental evaluations including compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, flowability, and abrasion resistance were conducted, along with microstructural analyses. Results indicate that the inclusion of OA significantly enhances performance parameters, with 20 % OA dosage yielding optimal outcomes. At this dosage, compressive strength increased by 30 %, accompanied by proportional improvements in flexural and splitting tensile strength. Flowability improved by 63 %, while mass loss during abrasion testing reduced by 33 % compared to the control. FT-IR and EDS analyses revealed the presence of whewellite (CaC₂O₄·H₂O), and a notable reduction in the Ca/Si ratio, indicating refined C–S–H gel formation. SEM imaging confirmed a denser and more polymerized microstructure. These findings affirm that bio-based OA not only improve the strength and durability of cement mortar but also offer a sustainable alternative in construction materials. The study demonstrates a promising pathway for green material development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142905"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prepare nano-CaCO3 by secondary carbonation of steel slag for carbon capture utilization and storage","authors":"Jie Ouyang ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Zhang ,&nbsp;Haoyan Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiaxiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CO₂ is the main greenhouse gas, steel slag is the main solid waste, Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technology can be a good combination of them, simultaneous realization of solid waste utilization and energy conservation and emission reduction. Using Shougang converter slag (SCS) and Nangang electric furnace slag (NES) as raw materials and acetic acid as leaching agent, nano-CaCO₃ was prepared by secondary carbonation. The difference of leaching efficiency between SCS and NES was compared, and the microscopic mechanism of leaching process was analyzed. X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the effect of carbonation destinations on the properties of carbonation products. The results showed that when the leaching conditions changed, the calcium ion leaching rate (<em>f</em>_Ca) of the two kinds of steel slag changed in the same trend, but there were differences in the size of <em>f</em>_Ca. The maximum <em>f</em>_Ca of the two kinds of steel slag was 81.486 % and 91.358 %, respectively. The carbonation was carried out by the secondary carbonation. The obtained CaCO₃ particle size changed from 70 to 80 nm to 500 nm, the crystallinity increased with the decrease of pH value, the purity of CaCO₃ could reach 99.484 %, 453.34 kg CaCO₃ could be obtained and 199.47 kg CO₂ could be absorbed after carbonation per ton of steel slag, it makes this method have considerable application potential in low-carbon environmental protection and high-value utilization of steel slag.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142892"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbonated steel slag powder in cement: Retardation mechanism and triethanolamine-enhanced hydration strategy","authors":"Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Yahui Gu ,&nbsp;Jingkui Zhong ,&nbsp;Jiahua Kuang ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Huang ,&nbsp;Fei Jin ,&nbsp;Mingshan Zhao ,&nbsp;Liwu Mo","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for low-carbon construction materials has driven interests in utilising carbonated steel slag powder as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). Accelerated carbonation enhances the reactivity of steel slag and contributes to CO₂ sequestration, making it a promising route for sustainable cement production. However, this study reveals that carbonation also alters the steel slags’ physicochemical properties, specifically by lowering basicity and increasing specific surface area SSA, which in turn adversely affects early-age cement hydration. When incorporated into cement, carbonated steel slag powder elevated Ca^2 + concentration in the pore solution, suppressing gypsum dissolution and delaying ettringite formation. These effects retard the hydration of aluminate phases and reduce early-age compressive strength of cement pastes. Moreover, in slags with high P₂O₅ contents, carbonation further inhibits tricalcium silicate (C₃S) hydration, preventing Ca(OH)₂ formation and exacerbating performance loss. Adding 0.05 wt% triethanolamine (TEA) to the mixing water effectively promotes gypsum dissolution and ettringite formation, enhancing early hydration kinetics and significantly increase the compressive strength of carbonated slag-blended composite cements. This study offers new mechanistic insights into the interaction between carbonated steel slag and cement hydration, and demonstrates a simple, scalable strategy to overcome early-age performance limitations, supporting high-value utilisation of metallurgical wastes in low-carbon cements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142881"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a low-carbon cementitious materials: A new carbonation hardened ternesite-belite binder","authors":"Jixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Kai Cui ,&nbsp;Jun Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addressed the carbon emission problem in the cement industry and developed a new low-carbon cementitious material: a carbon-hardened ternesite-belite binder. High purity tennesite and belite minerals were synthesized, mixed in different proportions for accelerated carbonation. The results show that the carbonation products of ternesite and belite differ significantly in composition and morphology. Ternesite tended to form aragonite and amorphous calcium carbonate, accompanied by the formation of gypsum, while belite primarily produced well-crystallized and large-sized calcite particles. When ternesite was present in the samples, the aragonite became the dominant calcium carbonate crystalline phase in the carbonated samples. The carbonated ternesite had the maximum carbonation degree of 35.65 % and the lowest compressive strength of 38.7 MPa. In contrast, carbonated belite exhibited the highest compressive strength of 95.2 MPa and the lowest carbonation degree of 30.44 %. Ternesite exhibited a higher carbonation degree than belite, however, belite demonstrated superior strength and CO₂ sequestration capacity during the carbonation process. Microstructural analysis revealed that carbonated belite developed a dense calcite layer, with its compressive strength primarily attributed to the packing effect and mechanical interlocking of calcite particles. Conversely, the microstructure of ternesite was relatively loose, facilitating the ongoing progression of the carbonation reaction. The carbonation reactions and hardening properties of these two minerals differed significantly, primarily due to the presence of SO₄^2- in ternesite, which reacts with Ca²⁺ during carbonation to form gypsum and influences the crystallization of calcium carbonate. Notably, the study identified an optimal proportion of 20 wt% ternesite and 80 wt% belite, which improved the overall CO₂ sequestration, albeit with a reduction in strength. This research provides a comprehensive investigation into the synergistic effects and hardening mechanisms of ternesite and belite within a multi-mineral carbonation-hardening binder, offering theoretical support for the development of high-performance, high-carbon-sequestration, and low-carbon cementitious materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142895"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial or complete replacement of cement and natural aggregate in concrete with phosphogypsum-based cementitious material/aggregate: Mechanical properties, frost and water resistance, and microstructure","authors":"Xiantao Qin ,&nbsp;Yihu Cao ,&nbsp;Siyue Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhihao Liu ,&nbsp;Bo Hu ,&nbsp;Zeyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Rong Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stockpile of phosphogypsum (PG), a by-product of phosphoric acid and bulk industrial solid waste, has been sharply rising and now poses serious environmental issues. Therefore, recycling PG as artificial aggregate and cementitious material to create concrete incorporating partial or complete solid waste is advantageous in maximizing waste utilization and making concrete more environmentally friendly and sustainable. In this study, a type of new PG-recycled aggregate (PGRA) partially or completely replaced the natural aggregate (NA), and new PG-based cementing materials completely replaced cement; the two were used to prepare PGRA concrete (PGRAC) and PG-cementing/recycled aggregate concrete (PGCRAC), respectively. The mechanical properties, frost resistance, and water resistance of PGCRA and PGCRAC were studied. In addition, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were conducted to illustrate the hydrated products and micromorphology. At 100 % replacement of NA with PGRA, PGRAC’s compressive strength at 28 days (d) reached 41 MPa, its frost resistance grade achieved F100, and its softening coefficient was more than 0.95 and 0.90 after soaking for 7 d and 28 d. Comparatively, PGCRAC’s compressive strength approached 34 MPa, and its softening coefficient still exceeded 0.85 and 0.70 after soaking for 7 d and 60 d. The primary hydration products of PGCRAC and PGRAC are gypsum and ettringite; distinctively, PGCRAC contains gypsum, while PGRAC contains calcium carbonate. These two kinds of concrete created from partial or complete solid waste—PGRAC and PGCRAC—can be applied in various circumstances instead of conventional concrete, which is beneficial in promoting the recycling of PG and accelerating the creation of green and carbon-neutral concrete.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142913"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the role of calcined clay in yield stress evolution of LC3 with ultra-high volume of calcined clay and limestone","authors":"Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Oğuzhan Çopuroğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcined clay plays a critical role in controlling the rheology of limestone-calcined clay cement (LC³). This study shows that the yield stress of LC³ mixtures with ultra-high volumes of calcined clay and limestone evolves significantly faster within the first 90 min than that of plain cement pastes at the same solid volume fraction. Two key mechanisms were identified: (1) calcined clay alters particle packing through its layered structure and micro-cavities, promoting physical water absorption; and (2) it enhances interparticle attractive forces via “bridge” formation (C-(A)-S-H bridges and colloidal attractive forces) between cement and calcined clay particles in the fresh state, accelerating rigidification. However, this bridging effect can be hindered by the addition of PCE-based superplasticizers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142898"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial compatibility and fusion mechanism between modified emulsified asphalt and aged asphalt in cold recycled mixture","authors":"Hang Yu ,&nbsp;Yafeng Qian ,&nbsp;Wenjing Xia ,&nbsp;Tao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interfacial compatibility and fusion behaviors of emulsified asphalt and aged asphalt on reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates greatly affects cold recycled mixture’s properties. To evaluate the compatibility and reveal fusion mechanism between shape-memory hydrogenated epoxy modified emulsified asphalt (SHEA) and aged asphalt on RAP aggregates, fused asphalt specimens were prepared. The dynamic evolution changes in molecular weight, surficial morphology, micromechanical characteristics, chemical composition and phase structure of asphalt specimens during the fusion progress were investigated. Results indicate that a concentration gradient occurs between SHEA and aged asphalt, where high-molecular-weight components from aged asphalt diffuse into SHEA, promoting molecular-level compatibility. This compatibility exhibits a more uniform molecular distribution, enrichment of long-chain structures, reduced asphaltenes content, and improved overall performance. Also, long-chain SMHE molecules in SHEA form complex aggregations with aged asphalt. Three-dimensional SMHE network permeates into asphalt matrix, filling voids and contributing to reduced surface roughness, decreased hardness, and improved viscoelasticity. The surficial undulation of fused specimen is small, and its viscoelasticity is restored. The presence of –C–O– and sulfoxide absorption peaks indicates that chemical reaction between SHEA and aged asphalt occurs, resulting in uniform fusion at a molecular level. Next, X-ray diffraction reveals significant changes in interplanar spacing and crystallite size. Crystalline structures resembling MoS₂ and sodium silver chloride are identified in fused asphalt, further supporting molecular-level interaction between the above components. These findings offer a theoretical basis for performance enhancement of SHEA cold recycled mixture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 142923"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}