Computers & Fluids最新文献_第3页

Sparse Identification for bifurcating phenomena in Computational Fluid Dynamics 计算流体力学中分岔现象的稀疏识别

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106841

Lorenzo Tomada, Moaad Khamlich, Federico Pichi, Gianluigi Rozza

{"title":"Sparse Identification for bifurcating phenomena in Computational Fluid Dynamics","authors":"Lorenzo Tomada, Moaad Khamlich, Federico Pichi, Gianluigi Rozza","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates model reduction techniques for nonlinear parameterized and time-dependent PDEs, specifically focusing on bifurcating phenomena in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). We develop interpretable and non-intrusive Reduced Order Models (ROMs) capable of capturing dynamics associated with bifurcations by identifying a minimal set of coordinates.</div><div>Our methodology combines the Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy) method with a deep learning framework based on Autoencoder (AE) architectures. To enhance dimensionality reduction, we integrate a nested Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) with the SINDy-AE architecture, enabling a sparse discovery of system dynamics while maintaining efficiency of the reduced model.</div><div>We demonstrate our approach via two challenging test cases defined on sudden-expansion channel geometries: a symmetry-breaking bifurcation and a Hopf bifurcation. Starting from a comprehensive analysis of their high-fidelity behavior, i.e. symmetry-breaking phenomena and the rise of unsteady periodic solutions, we validate the accuracy and computational efficiency of our ROMs.</div><div>The results show successful reconstruction of the bifurcations, accurate prediction of system evolution for unseen parameter values, and significant speed-up compared to full-order methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ONERA’s CRM WBPN database for machine learning activities, related regression challenge and first results ONERA的CRM WBPN数据库，用于机器学习活动、相关回归挑战和首次结果

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106838

Jacques Peter , Quentin Bennehard , Sébastien Heib , Jean-Luc Hantrais-Gervois , Frédéric Moëns

{"title":"ONERA’s CRM WBPN database for machine learning activities, related regression challenge and first results","authors":"Jacques Peter , Quentin Bennehard , Sébastien Heib , Jean-Luc Hantrais-Gervois , Frédéric Moëns","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a new Computational Fluid Dynamics database, developed at ONERA, to support the advancement of machine learning techniques for aerodynamic field prediction. It contains 468 Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes simulations using the Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model, performed on the NASA/Boeing Common Research Model wing-body-pylon-nacelle configuration. The database spans a wide range of flow conditions, varying Mach number (including transonic regimes), angle of attack (capturing flow separation), and Reynolds number (based on three stagnation pressures, with one setting matching wind tunnel experiments). The numerical quality of the database is assessed, through checking the convergence level of each computation.</div><div>Based on these data, a regression challenge is defined. It consists in predicting the wall distributions of pressure and friction coefficients for unseen aerodynamic conditions. The 468 simulations are split into training and test sets, with the training data made available publicly on the Codabench platform. The paper further evaluates several classical machine learning regressors on this task. Tested pointwise methods include Multilayer Perceptrons, <span><math><mi>λ</mi></math></span>-DNNs, and Decision Trees, while global methods include Multilayer Perceptron, k-Nearest Neighbors, Proper Orthogonal Decomposition and IsoMap. Initial performance results, using <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> scores and largest relative mean absolute error metrics, are presented, offering insights into the capabilities of these techniques for the challenge and references for future work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Versatile mixed methods for weakly-compressible flows 弱可压缩流的通用混合方法

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106833

Edward A. Miller, David M. Williams

{"title":"Versatile mixed methods for weakly-compressible flows","authors":"Edward A. Miller, David M. Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Versatile mixed finite element methods were originally developed by Chen and Williams for isothermal incompressible flows in “Versatile mixed methods for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations,” Computers & Mathematics with Applications, Volume 80, 2020. Thereafter, these methods were extended by Miller, Chen, and Williams to non-isothermal incompressible flows in “Versatile mixed methods for non-isothermal incompressible flows,” Computers & Mathematics with Applications, Volume 125, 2022. The main advantage of these methods lies in their flexibility. Unlike traditional mixed methods, they retain the divergence terms in the momentum and temperature equations. As a result, the favorable properties of the schemes are maintained even in the presence of non-zero divergence. This makes them an ideal candidate for an extension to compressible flows, in which the divergence does not generally vanish. In the present article, we finally construct the compressible extension of the methods. In addition, we demonstrate the excellent performance of the resulting methods for weakly-compressible flows that arise near the incompressible limit, as well as moderately-compressible flows that arise near Mach 0.5.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106833"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A stable and accurate finite difference approximation for the incompressible lid-driven cavity flow with focus on the corner singularities 不可压盖驱动腔体流动的稳定精确有限差分近似，重点关注拐角奇点

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106826

Prince Nchupang , Arnaud G. Malan , Jan Nordström

{"title":"A stable and accurate finite difference approximation for the incompressible lid-driven cavity flow with focus on the corner singularities","authors":"Prince Nchupang , Arnaud G. Malan , Jan Nordström","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lid-driven cavity test case is widely used to validate incompressible Navier–Stokes flow solvers. However, the rigorous treatment of discontinuous corner boundary conditions remains a challenge for high-order methods. This is the main goal of the paper. We write the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in skew-symmetric form and we impose the boundary conditions weakly which leads to boundedness without any special treatment in the corners. The continuous procedure is mimicked in the discrete setting using high-order finite difference methods in Summation-By-Parts (SBP) form complemented with weak boundary conditions using the Simultaneous Approximation Term (SAT) technique. Stability is then formally proven using the SBP-SAT framework. Numerical tests commence with a method-of-manufactured solution and the scheme is shown to be high order accurate. The lid-driven cavity test case is finally studied using a 4th order accurate scheme and the results are compared to benchmark solutions. Accurate solutions are achieved that are devoid of spurious oscillations near the top corners and the velocities remain bounded, demonstrating the unique versatility of the weak SAT boundary treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106826"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An adaptive fifth-degree kernel for suppressing stress instability in SPH for compressible flows 一种抑制可压缩流SPH应力不稳定性的自适应五度核

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106844

Wenbo Fan , Jun Liu , Delong Xiao

{"title":"An adaptive fifth-degree kernel for suppressing stress instability in SPH for compressible flows","authors":"Wenbo Fan , Jun Liu , Delong Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phenomenon of stress instability is frequently observed in smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH), which manifests as unphysical clustering or separation of particles, and constrains the application of SPH. In this paper, we propose an adaptive fifth-degree kernel function for alleviating stress instability in compressible flows. The shape of kernel function can be adaptively modified according to the particle states, circumventing the conditions associated with instability and thus alleviating both compressive and tensile instability. For the case where two particles in a particle pair use different kernels, discrete formulations of the momentum and thermal equations within the Conservative Reproducing Kernel Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (CRKSPH) framework are employed to ensure the conservation. Several benchmark cases of compressible flows are simulated utilizing the adaptive fifth-degree kernel, and results indicate that the adaptive fifth-degree kernel can sustain homogeneous particle distributions and clear shock wave fronts after multiple bounces of shock and rarefaction waves, effectively alleviating the stress instability inherent in classical SPH methods. In addition, the adaptive fifth-degree kernel can ensure reasonable spacing of particle pairs even when negative pressure is encountered, and avoid particle clustering or voids in the computational domain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of spanwise load distribution on aerodynamic performance of compressor cascade based on inverse design method 基于反设计方法的压气机叶栅展向负荷分布对气动性能的影响

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106842

Yutian Chen, Qun Zheng, Yuting Jiang

{"title":"Effect of spanwise load distribution on aerodynamic performance of compressor cascade based on inverse design method","authors":"Yutian Chen, Qun Zheng, Yuting Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of cascade spanwise load distribution on aerodynamic loss and flow field structure is investigated. A novel inverse design method is developed based on the correlation between streamline slope and static pressure coefficient. The proposed method drives blade profile modifications to minimize discrepancies between target and actual load distributions. Using an experimentally validated cascade, the inverse design method is employed to adjust load distributions from 10 % to 50 % spanwise locations, resulting in five cascades with varying spanwise load distributions. Verification studies confirm the reliability of the inverse design method. Numerical simulations demonstrate that excessive spanwise static pressure gradients expand the corner separation region through enhanced crossflow transition, thereby reducing passage flow capacity and increasing aerodynamic losses. However, appropriate spanwise load distributions effectively control the total pressure loss coefficient across various attack angles. An optimized cascade yields a 10.4 % reduction in the total pressure loss coefficient at 0° attack angle compared to the initial cascade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A reduced-order model for segregated fluid–structure interaction solvers based on an ALE approach 基于ALE方法的分离流固耦合解的降阶模型

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106824

Valentin Nkana Ngan , Giovanni Stabile , Andrea Mola , Gianluigi Rozza

{"title":"A reduced-order model for segregated fluid–structure interaction solvers based on an ALE approach","authors":"Valentin Nkana Ngan , Giovanni Stabile , Andrea Mola , Gianluigi Rozza","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a Galerkin projection-based reduced-order modeling (ROM) approach for segregated fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems, formulated within an Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) framework at low Reynolds numbers using the Finite Volume Method (FVM). The ROM is constructed using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and incorporates a data-driven technique that combines classical Galerkin projection with radial basis function (RBF) networks. The results demonstrate the numerical stability and accuracy of the proposed method relative to the high-fidelity model.The ROM successfully captures transient flow fields and, importantly, the forces acting on the moving structure without exhibiting unphysical growth or divergence over time. This is further supported by the bounded evolution of error metrics and physical observables, which remain consistent with the full-order simulations throughout the prediction horizon. The method’s effectiveness is verified through a benchmark vortex-induced vibration (VIV) case involving a circular cylinder at Reynolds number <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn></mrow></math></span>. The hybrid ROM approach yields an accurate and efficient tool for solving FSI problems involving mesh motion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards a machine-learning-based large eddy simulation of offshore wind farms 基于机器学习的海上风电场大涡模拟

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106823

H. Ali Marefat , Jahrul Alam , Kevin Pope

{"title":"Towards a machine-learning-based large eddy simulation of offshore wind farms","authors":"H. Ali Marefat , Jahrul Alam , Kevin Pope","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a Scale-Adaptive Machine-Learning Subgrid-Scale model developed to predict subgrid-scale turbulence within the framework of large eddy simulations for offshore wind farms. Unlike traditional subgrid-scale models that rely on blending of isotropy and scale similarity, the proposed approach leverages a supervised learning framework based on physically informed flow observables derived from mixed modelling theory and Leonard decomposition. The model employs a novel encoder–decoder neural network architecture designed to capture coherent enstrophy dynamics and multi-scale turbulence interactions. Skip connections and latent representations serve as implicit filters, enabling the model to represent both structural and functional aspects of turbulence. Trained using data from a scale-adaptive LES method, outcome of the presented model has been validated for its ability to learn and reproduce key turbulence characteristics, such as intermittency and energy transfer, across resolutions and flow scenarios. A-priori tests confirm its capacity to capture statistical turbulence features, while a-posteriori tests demonstrate that the model dynamically predicts eddy viscosity and produces flow fields comparable to high-resolution LES with traditional SGS models. When applied on coarser meshes, the model maintains accuracy, as evidenced by agreement in the ratio of subgrid to total kinetic energy. These findings support the potential of this machine-learning-based model as a physics-aware, scalable modelling approach for complex turbulent flows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A class of single-stage fully-discrete weighted compact nonlinear scheme for hyperbolic conservation laws 一类双曲型守恒律的单阶全离散加权紧非线性格式

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106825

Tong Zhou, Shilong Shi, Shucheng Pan

{"title":"A class of single-stage fully-discrete weighted compact nonlinear scheme for hyperbolic conservation laws","authors":"Tong Zhou, Shilong Shi, Shucheng Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose a single-stage weighted compact nonlinear scheme based on the framework of solution formula method, which can achieve arbitrary consistent spatial and temporal accuracy for hyperbolic conservation laws. The main idea in the construction of the new scheme consists of three parts. Firstly, we construct and discretize the (quasi-) exact solution of the Hamilton–Jacobi equation by a flux linearization technique, due to the flux of it can be written in a same form with conservation law. Once we obtain the numerical flux, it is directly applied to construct conservative schemes. Secondly, we apply a shock detector in the flux linearization procedure to enhance its robustness property in high-order situation. Finally, with a combination of the weighted compact nonlinear scheme, we achieve a single-stage high-order scheme with no need of the time-consuming Runge–Kutta or complicate Lax–Wendroff method. The algorithm was numerically validated by various one-dimensional and multi-dimensional test cases, are thoroughly analyzed through both theoretical considerations and numerical experiments. Numerous numerical results demonstrated that the proposed method had an essentially similar even better performance as that based on Runge–Kutta method, while its computational speed is approximately 2.4 times faster than three-stage TVD-RK3 for Euler equations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106825"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stabilizing a tensor-represented viscosity model for variationally consistent particle methods 稳定张量表示的变分一致颗粒方法粘度模型

IF 3 3区工程技术

Computers & Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106834

Masahiro Kondo , Kyuya Matsumoto , Kazuya Shibata , Junichi Matsumoto

{"title":"Stabilizing a tensor-represented viscosity model for variationally consistent particle methods","authors":"Masahiro Kondo , Kyuya Matsumoto , Kazuya Shibata , Junichi Matsumoto","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A tensor-represented viscosity model was developed for variationally consistent particle methods, which conserves linear and angular momentum and reduces instabilities related to particle distributions. The particle method adopted in this study can be interpreted as a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method except that it employs multiple kernels, including non-bell-shaped ones; therefore, it is termed the Multi-Kernel SPH (MK-SPH (MPH)) method. In this method, the kernels are chosen to avoid undesired particle agglomeration. In addition, two stabilization terms are proposed while maintaining variational consistency and momentum conservation. One is compensation viscosity, which reduces the oscillatory mode (e.g., zero-energy modes) with respect to the tensor-represented viscosity model. The other is regularization potential, which further suppresses particle agglomeration (e.g., tensile instability) even under negative pressure. Furthermore, a non-slip fixed particle boundary is proposed corresponding to the viscosity models. The present model was verified by calculating Kolmogorov flow, Taylor–Green flow, and lid-driven cavity flow, and its performance is demonstrated by calculating viscous rotating square patch, viscous square drop, and anisotropic compression. Specifically, the convergence with respect to particle size and the applicability of the two stabilization terms are investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 106834"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0