Computers & FluidsPub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106039
George Vahala , Min Soe , Linda Vahala , Abhay K. Ram , Efstratios Koukoutsis , Kyriakos Hizanidis
{"title":"Qubit lattice algorithm simulations of Maxwell’s equations for scattering from anisotropic dielectric objects","authors":"George Vahala , Min Soe , Linda Vahala , Abhay K. Ram , Efstratios Koukoutsis , Kyriakos Hizanidis","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>A Dyson map explicitly determines the appropriate basis of electromagnetic fields which yields a unitary representation of the </span>Maxwell equations in an inhomogeneous medium. A qubit </span>lattice<span> algorithm (QLA) is then developed perturbatively to solve this representation of Maxwell equations. A QLA consists of an interleaved unitary sequence of collision operators<span><span><span> (that entangle on lattice-site qubits) and streaming operators (that move this entanglement throughout the lattice). External potential operators are introduced to handle gradients in the </span>refractive indices, and these operators are typically non-unitary but </span>sparse matrices<span><span>. By also interleaving the external potential operators with the unitary collide-stream operators, one achieves a QLA which conserves energy to high accuracy. Some two dimensional simulations results are presented for the scattering of a one-dimensional (1D) pulse off a localized anisotropic </span>dielectric object.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 106039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92039631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computers & FluidsPub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106036
François Dubois , Bruce M. Boghosian , Pierre Lallemand
{"title":"General fourth-order Chapman–Enskog expansion of lattice Boltzmann schemes","authors":"François Dubois , Bruce M. Boghosian , Pierre Lallemand","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In order to derive the equivalent partial differential equations of a </span>lattice<span><span> Boltzmann scheme, the Chapman Enskog expansion is very popular in the lattice Boltzmann community. A main drawback of this approach is the fact that multiscale expansions are used without any clear mathematical signification of the various variables and operators. Independently of this framework, the </span>Taylor expansion method allows to obtain formally the equivalent partial differential equations. The general equivalency of these two approaches remains an open question. In this contribution, we prove that both approaches give identical results with acoustic scaling for a very general family of lattice Boltzmann schemes and up to fourth-order accuracy. Examples with a single scalar conservation illustrate our purpose.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 106036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92039632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computers & FluidsPub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106043
A. Mariotti , M.N. Antonuccio , M. Morello , M.V. Salvetti , S. Celi
{"title":"Numerical simulation of aortic coarctations of different grades of severity: Flow features and importance of outlet boundary conditions","authors":"A. Mariotti , M.N. Antonuccio , M. Morello , M.V. Salvetti , S. Celi","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerical simulations of the blood flow inside a patient-specific thoracic aorta in presence of coarctation are considered. Different grades of severity of the coarctation are obtained by constructing parametric geometries in which the coarctation section is circular with varying diameter values. The impact of a fine-tuning of the Windkessel model resistances, at each outlet, is also investigated. A stochastic approach based on the generalized Polynomial Chaos (gPC) is used to carry out a systematic analysis. It allows obtaining continuous response surfaces of the quantities of interest in the parameter space from a limited number of simulations. Two parameters are selected: the vessel diameter, <span><math><mi>D</mi></math></span>, at the coarctation plane and a non-dimensional parameter, <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>, through which it is possible to calibrate the resistance offered by organs and vessels downstream the thoracic aorta. The value of the coarctation diameter has the strongest impact on all the flow features, i.e., flow rate, pressure, velocity, and wall shear stresses. It is also shown that, as the value of <span><math><mi>D</mi></math></span> increases, the dependence on <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span> decreases. This means that the more the geometry of the thoracic aorta approaches a healthy shape, the less significant it is to perform a fine-tuning of the Windkessel model resistances to match the patient-specific pressure waveform, whereas it should be done in cases of severe coarctations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 106043"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045793023002682/pdfft?md5=3a9dd038a3d2e464dcf20ea1599ca9ae&pid=1-s2.0-S0045793023002682-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92039638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamidreza Abbaszadeh, R. Norouzi, Veli Sume, Alban Kuriqi, R. Daneshfaraz, J. Abraham
{"title":"Sill Role Effect on the Flow Characteristics (Experimental and Regression Model Analytical)","authors":"Hamidreza Abbaszadeh, R. Norouzi, Veli Sume, Alban Kuriqi, R. Daneshfaraz, J. Abraham","doi":"10.3390/fluids8080235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8080235","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effects of gate openings and different sill widths on the sluice gate’s energy dissipation and discharge coefficient (Cd). The physical model of the sills includes rectangular sills of different dimensions. The results show that the gate opening size is inversely related to the Cd for a gate without a sill. In addition, increasing the gate opening size for a given discharge decreases the relative energy dissipation, and increasing the Froude number increases the relative energy dissipation. The results also show that the Cd and relative energy dissipation decrease when the width of the sill is decreased, thus increasing the total area of the flux flowing through the sluice gate and vice versa. According to the experimental results, the relative energy dissipation and the Cd of the sluice gate are larger for all sill widths than without the sill. Finally, non-linear polynomial relationships are presented based on dimensionless parameters for predicting the relative energy dissipation and outflow coefficient.","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76626233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rakesh Basavegowda Krishnappa, S. G. Subramanya, Abhijit R Deshpande, B. Chakravarthi
{"title":"Effect of Serpentine Flow Field Channel Dimensions and Electrode Intrusion on Flow Hydrodynamics in an All-Iron Redox Flow Battery","authors":"Rakesh Basavegowda Krishnappa, S. G. Subramanya, Abhijit R Deshpande, B. Chakravarthi","doi":"10.3390/fluids8080237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8080237","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study on flow hydrodynamics for single-channel serpentine flow field (SCSFF) and cross-split serpentine flow field configurations (CSSFF) for different geometric dimensions of channel and rib width ratios with electrode intrusion over varying compression ratios (CRs) in an all-iron redox flow battery. Pressure drops (Δp) measured experimentally across a cell active area of 131 cm2 for different electrolyte flow rates were numerically validated. A computational fluid dynamics study was conducted for detailed flow analyses, velocity magnitude contours, flow distribution, and uniformity index for the intrusion effect of a graphite felt electrode bearing a thickness of 6 mm with a channel compressed to varying percentages of 50%, 60%, and 70%. Experimental pressure drops (Δp) over the numerical value resulted in the maximum error approximated to 4%, showing good agreement. It was also reported that the modified version of the cross-split serpentine flow field, model D, had the lowest pressure drop, Δp, of 2223.4 pa, with a maximum uniformity index at the electrode midplane of 0.827 for CR 50%, across the active cell area. The pressure drop (Δp) was predominantly higher for increased compression ratios, wherein intrusion phenomena led to changes in electrochemical activity; it was found that the velocity distribution was quite uniform for a volumetric uniformity index greater than 80% in the felt.","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83124139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oisín McCay, R. Nimmagadda, Syed Mughees Ali, T. Persoons
{"title":"A Parametric Design Study of Natural-Convection-Cooled Heat Sinks","authors":"Oisín McCay, R. Nimmagadda, Syed Mughees Ali, T. Persoons","doi":"10.3390/fluids8080234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8080234","url":null,"abstract":"Effective natural-convection-cooled heat sinks are vital to the future of electronics cooling due to their low energy demand in the absence of an external pumping agency in comparison to other cooling methods. The present numerical study was carried out with ANSYS Fluent and aimed at identifying a more-effective fin design for enhancing heat transfer in natural convection applications for a fixed base-plate size of 100 mm × 100 mm under an applied heat flux of 4000 W/m2. The Rayleigh number used in the present study lied within the range of 2.6 × 106 to 4.5 × 106. Initially, a baseline case with rectangular fins was considered in the present study, and it was optimized with respect to fin spacing. This optimized baseline case was then validated against the semi-empirical correlation from the scientific literature. Upon good agreement, the validated model was used for comparative analysis of different heat sink configurations with rectangular, trapezoidal, curved, and angled fins by constraining the surface area of the heat transfer. The optimized fin spacing obtained for the baseline case was also used for the other heat sink configurations, and then, the fin designs were further optimized for better performance. However, for the angled fin case, the optimized configuration found in the scientific literature was adopted in the present study. The proposed novel curved fin design with a shroud showed a 4.1% decrease in the system’s thermal resistance with an increase in the heat transfer coefficient of 4.4% when compared to the optimized baseline fin case. The obtained results were further non-dimensionalized with the proposed scaling in terms of the baseline case for the two novel heat sink cases (trapezoidal, curved).","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81049495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benet Eiximeno, Carlos Tur-Mongé, O. Lehmkuhl, I. Rodríguez
{"title":"Hybrid Computation of the Aerodynamic Noise Radiated by the Wake of a Subsonic Cylinder","authors":"Benet Eiximeno, Carlos Tur-Mongé, O. Lehmkuhl, I. Rodríguez","doi":"10.3390/fluids8080236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8080236","url":null,"abstract":"The noise radiated by the flow around a cylinder in the subcritical regime at ReD=1×104 and at a subsonic Mach number of M=0.5 is here studied. The aerodynamic sound radiated by a cylinder has been studied with a wide range of Reynolds numbers, but there are no studies about how the Mach number affects the acoustic field in the subsonic regime. The flow field is resolved by means of large-eddy simulations of the compressible Navier–Stokes equations. For the study of the noise propagation, formulation 1C of the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings analogy is used. The fluid flow results show good agreement when comparing the surface pressure coefficient, the recirculation length, the vortex shedding frequency and the force coefficients against other studies performed under similar conditions. The dynamic mode decomposition of the pressure fluctuations is used to relate them with the far-field noise. It is shown that, in contrast to what happens for low Mach numbers, quadrupoles have a significant impact mainly in the observers located in the streamwise direction. This effect leads to a global monopole directivity pattern as the shear fluctuations compensate for the lower value of the aeolian tone away from the cross-stream direction.","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82456484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computers & FluidsPub Date : 2023-08-19DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106024
L. Reynier , B. Di Pierro , F. Alizard , A. Cadiou , L. Le Penven , M. Buffat
{"title":"A preconditioning for the spectral solution of incompressible variable-density flows","authors":"L. Reynier , B. Di Pierro , F. Alizard , A. Cadiou , L. Le Penven , M. Buffat","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, the efficiency of preconditioners for solving linear systems associated with the discretized variable-density incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with semi-implicit second-order accuracy in time and spectral accuracy in space is investigated. The method, in which the inverse operator for the constant-density flow system acts as preconditioner, is implemented for three iterative solvers: the General Minimal Residual, the Conjugate Gradient and the Richardson Minimal Residual. We discuss the method, first, in the context of the one-dimensional flow case where a top-hat like profile for the density is used. Numerical evidence shows that the convergence is significantly improved due to the notable decrease in the condition number of the operators. Most importantly, we then validate the robustness and convergence properties of the method on two more realistic problems: the two-dimensional Rayleigh–Taylor instability problem and the three-dimensional variable-density swirling jet.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 106024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2907057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Korteweg–De Vries–Burger Equation with Jeffreys’ Wind–Wave Interaction: Blow-Up and Breaking of Soliton-like Solutions in Finite Time","authors":"M. Manna, A. Latifi","doi":"10.3390/fluids8080231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8080231","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the evolution of surface water solitary waves under the action of Jeffreys’ wind–wave amplification mechanism in shallow water is analytically investigated. The analytic approach is essential for numerical investigations due to the scale of energy dissipation near coasts. Although many works have been conducted based on the Jeffreys’ approach, only some studies have been carried out on finite depth. We show that nonlinearity, dispersion, and anti-dissipation are the dominating phenomena, obeying an anti-diffusive and fully nonlinear Serre–Green–Naghdi (SGN) equation. Applying an appropriate perturbation method, the current research yields a Korteweg–de Vries–Burger-type equation (KdV-B), combining weak nonlinearity, dispersion, and anti-dissipation. This derivation is novel. We show that the continuous transfer of energy from wind to water results in the growth over time of the KdV-B soliton’s amplitude, velocity, acceleration, and energy, while its effective wavelength decreases. This phenomenon differs from the classical results of Jeffreys’ approach and is due to finite depth. In this study, it is shown that expansion and breaking occur in finite time. These times are calculated and expressed with respect to soliton- and wind-appropriateparameters and values. The obtained values are measurable in experimental facilities. A detailed analysis of the breaking time is conducted with regard to various criteria. By comparing these times to the experimental results, the validity of these criteria are examined.","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81210796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wassim Abdel Nour, Joseph Jabbour, D. Serret, P. Meliga, E. Hachem
{"title":"A Stabilized Finite Element Framework for Anisotropic Adaptive Topology Optimization of Incompressible Fluid Flows","authors":"Wassim Abdel Nour, Joseph Jabbour, D. Serret, P. Meliga, E. Hachem","doi":"10.3390/fluids8080232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8080232","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the feasibility of performing topology optimization of laminar incompressible flows governed by the steady-state Navier–Stokes equations using anisotropic mesh adaptation to achieve a high-fidelity description of all fluid–solid interfaces. The present implementation combines an immersed volume method solving stabilized finite element formulations cast in the variational multiscale (VMS) framework and level-set representations of the fluid–solid interfaces, which are used as an a posteriori anisotropic error estimator to minimize interpolation errors under the constraint of a prescribed number of nodes in the mesh. Numerical results obtained for several two-dimensional problems of power dissipation minimization show that the optimal designs are mesh-independent (although the convergence rate does decreases as the number of nodes increases), agree well with reference results from the literature, and provide superior accuracy over prior studies solved on isotropic meshes (fixed or adaptively refined).","PeriodicalId":287,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Fluids","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85093053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}