Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Duodenal mucosal and plasma ascorbate levels of patients with iron deficiency","authors":"B. Atanasova, R. Simpson, Andy C. Y. Li, K. Tzatchev, T. Peters","doi":"10.2298/JMH0403279A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMH0403279A","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Iron is a vital element for almost all living organisms. In mammals iron is taken by the intestinal epithelium, primarily in the duodenum. The initial step of absorption involves the reduction of ferric to ferrous iron both in gastric lumen and at the brush-border apical membrane. Reductase activity is increased by factors physiologically stimulating iron absorption, such as iron deficiency and chronic hypoxia. Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) has long been known to enhance absorption of dietary iron in humans as shown by several nutritional/dietetic studies. This effect has been ascribed to lumenal reduction and solubilization of iron. Recent molecular cloning of the mammalian duodenal brush-border reductase activity has provided evidence that ascorbate may play an intracellular role in determining iron absorption rates. Previously, ascorbate concentrations have been determined in duodenum, but only in normal subjects and there is no evidence on how duodenal ascorbate alters in relation to intestinal iron absorption. The aim of this study is to examine mucosal and plasma levels of ascorbate and dehydroascorbate in normal subjects and patients with iron deficiency that is known to be a stimulator for iron absorption. Duodenal biopsies were homogenized in 5% metaphosphoric acid using single burst homogeniser. Tissue and plasma ascorbate levels were assayed by ferrozine spectrophotometric method. Blood was taken from each subject to assess the iron status. The analyses of human samples revealed increased duodenal (p <0.001, n = 20) and plasma (p <0.001, n = 6) ascorbate levels in patients with iron deficiency. These findings support an important intracellular role of ascorbic acid in human dietary iron absorption.","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117092852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAGNESIUM SERUM AND URINE CONCENTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE AND CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASE","authors":"L. Nagorni-Obradović, S. Ignjatović, V. Petrović, M. Mitić-Milikić","doi":"10.2298/JMH0402155N","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMH0402155N","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we determined magnesium concentration in serum and in 24-hour urine, at the start (To) and at the end of treatment (T1), in 56 patients with acute pulmonary disease (B1) and in 58 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD (B2). In group B1 there was disbalance of Mg in serum in 14-25% patients at the start of treatment (To) which decreased significantly at the end of treatment (T1) and persisted in 4-7.1% patients (p 0.05). In group B1, 9 (16.1%) patients had hypomagnesemia at the start of treatment (To), which was accompanied by increased concentration of Mg in 24-hour urine of only 4 (7.2%) patients. There is a possibility that there was extrarenal elimination of Mg in patients with acute pulmonary disease or there was some kind of transcellular distribution. In group B2 in period To, there was proportional ratio between hypomagnesemia (12-20.7% patients) and increased concentration of Mg in 24-hour urine (20 -34.5% patients). This could be because of renal loss. Simultaneous determination and follow up of magnesium in serum and in 24-hour urine can give us reliable information about homeostasis of this electrolyte in acute and chronic pulmonary diseases.","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115222037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulin and C-peptide response in healthy persons and individuals with impaired glucose metabolism during oral glucose tolerance test","authors":"O. Nedić, Jasminka Miloradović, M. Ratković, R. Masnikosa","doi":"10.2298/JMH0501035N","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMH0501035N","url":null,"abstract":"Serial measurements of blood glucose concentration before and after giving a specific amount of glucose orally provide a standard method to evaluate glucose metabolism. Although the reference ranges for glucose concentration in various disease states that are based on impaired glucose homeostasis have been established, the reference values are not clearly defined for insulin and C-peptide concentrations. The aim of this work was to study the insulin and C-peptide response during OGTT. Healthy individuals exhibited the following profile of insulin and C-peptide levels: 15 ± 4.9 mU/L and 0.5 ± 0.19 nmol/L (0 h), 116 ± 52.8 mU/L and 2.3 ± 0.79 nmol/L (1 h) and 59 ± 26.7 mU/L and 2.0 ± 0.67 nmol/L (2 h). Persons with impaired glucose tolerance had higher C-peptide levels at 0 h, 0.6 ± 0.17 nmol/L, and significantly higher insulin and C-peptide concentrations after 1 h, 209 ± 63.8 mU/L and 3.5 ± 1.00, nmol/L and 2 h, 188 ± 48.8 mU/L and 3.6 ± 0.92 nmol/L. Diabetic patients had higher basal levels of C-peptide, 0.8 ± 0.23 nmol/L, insulin and C-peptide increased after 1 h similarly as in healthy people, but further continued to increase significantly, 181 ± 137.6 mU/L and 3.7 ± 1.49 nmol/L. Subjects that exhibited low blood glucose levels demonstrated lower insulin concentrations at all time intervals, 11 ± 2.5 mU/L (0 h), 63 ± 31.1 mU/L (1 h) and 44 ± 22.9 mU/L (2 h), but the concentration of C-peptide leveled with that of the healthy ones. The results of this work may be useful in establishing reference ranges for insulin and C-peptide concentrations for defined time intervals during OGTT, in health and disease.","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115694894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN CLINICAL CHEMISTRY IN THE EU: LESSONS FROM THE EXPERIENCES","authors":"V. Blaton","doi":"10.2298/JMH0403293B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMH0403293B","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: This paper describes the history of FESCC (Forum of the European Societies of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine), the actual fields of major activities and the key issues in Europe. The mission of FESCC is to support and promote clinical chemistry in Europe, to aid interactions with IFCC (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry), to develop education and quality in the discipline and to encourage young scientists to take an active role in these activities. The total quality systems in medical and clinical laboratories and accreditation of these laboratories is gaining more and more interest. Laboratory specialists are confronted with a new way of thinking concerning the management and the daily practice of their laboratories. Particularly in the European Union (EU), harmonization of criteria for quality systems is desirable. The freedom of movement and goods within the EU has a large impact for the member states. FESCC launched surveys in Europe on accreditation of medical laboratories and training with special attentions to postgraduate education of the profession. A second survey was launched to gather more information about the managerial situation of the specialists in clinical chemistry in Europe. The harmonization of the profession in one of the challenges for the European specialists in clinical chemistry and for FESCC a major task. Factors defining the future of laboratory medicine are treated.","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114336218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A possible protective role of coenzyme Q10 on antioxidant defense system in the heart of rats treated with cadmium","authors":"Z. Pavlovic, I. Ognjanović, S. A. Stajn, V. Žikić, M. Radojicic, B. Spasic, S. Saicic","doi":"10.2298/JMH0502121P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMH0502121P","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The effect of cadmium (Cd), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and Cd+CoQ10 on the activities of superoxide dismutases (total SOD), manganese containing superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) and copper-zinc containing superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-Stransferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and concentrations of ascorbic acid (AsA) and vitamin E (Vit E) in the heart of male Wistar albino rats were studied in comparison to the controls and cadmium treated animals. Cd induces a significant increase of total SOD, Cu, Zn SOD and GSH-Px activities, as well as AsA and Vit E concentrations, but leads to a significant decrease of CAT and GR activities. CoQ10 induces a significant increase of total SOD, Mn SOD, Cu, Zn SOD and GSH-Px activities, as well as AsA and Vit E concentrations. In the same group of animals the activities of CAT, GST and GR were significantly decreased. By concomitant treatment of rats with Cd+CoQ10 the activities of total SOD, Mn SOD and GSH-Px, as well as concentrations of AsA and Vit E were markedly increased. In the same group of animals the activities of Cu, Zn SOD, CAT and GR were significantly decreased. In respect to the Cd treated rats in Cd+CoQ10 partialy are reversed changes (Cu,Zn SOD) of antioxidant defense system in the heart.","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121627848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MARKERS OF MYOCARDIAL DAMAGE AND INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE","authors":"A. Tzontcheva, A. Postadjian","doi":"10.2298/JMH0403249T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMH0403249T","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: To shed light on the clinical significance of elevated CRP levels we performed a comparative analysis of the predictive values of both CRP and TnT in patients with unstable coronary artery disease for the occurrence of major cardiac events within 6 months. CRP and Troponin T were measured on admission in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST segment elevation. Patients were treated according to a conservative management and the incidence of major cardiac events within 6 months was assessed. A total of 73 patients were included in the study. There were 27 major cardiac events (37%). An abnormal CRP (>4 mg/L) and an abnormal TnT (> 0.01 mg/L) were present in 36 patients (49.3%). The incidence of a major cardiac event was significantly higher among patients with CRP > 4 mg/L than in other patients (63.9 vs 10.8%), and this was evident both in patients with an elevated TnT (85.7 vs 20%) and in those without an elevated TnT (33.3 vs 4.5%). The sensitivity of a concentration of CRP > 4 mg/L for predicting a future ischaemic event was 85%, with a specifity of 72% and negative predictive value of 89%. For TnT > 0.01 mg/L the sensitivity was 77%, specifity 67% and negative predictive value 84%. The present study shows that both CRP, a non-specific acute phase reactant, and TnT, a cardiac specific marker of myocardial damage, are elevated early in a substantial number of patients with acute coronary syndromes. It shows that CRP and TnT are independent prognostic indicators of adverse ischaemic events.","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121924790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTI-OXLDL ANTIBODIES, HOMOCYSTEINE AND APOLIPOPROTEINS IN PRIMARY ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME","authors":"M. Bećarević, D. Mirković, P. Miljić, S. Andrejević, I. Obradović, B. Bonaci-Nikolic, N. Majkić-Singh","doi":"10.2298/JMB0602167B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMB0602167B","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of: autoantibodies (anticardiolipin, antioxLDL, anti-b2gpI, lupus anticoagulant), apolipoproteins (apo) AI and apoB, and homocysteine on the clinical features of patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome, and to compare analyzed parameters with those from control subjects. Patients who were positive for anti-oxLDL antibodies had venous thrombosis associated with lower levels of apolipoprotein AI (p < 0.05). Patients with a history of thrombosis of peripheral arterial blood vessels had higher concentrations of apo B (p < 0.05) and this finding was also present in patients with a history of cerebrovascular insults (p < 0.05). Patients with myocardial infarction had significantly higher concentrations of homocysteine (p < 0.05). In patients with PAPS, testing the above-mentioned parameters is justified.","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115360250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTIOXIDATIVE BIOMARKERS AND CANCEROGENESIS","authors":"B. Pajovic, S. Saicic, S. Pejić, J. Kasapović, V. Stojiljković, T. D. Kanazir","doi":"10.2298/JMB0604397P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMB0604397P","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Cancer development includes three major steps, initiation, promotion and progression, in which oxidative stress is involved. Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the levels of prooxidants and antioxidants in favour of the former and resulting in irreversible cell damage. We examined the lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in women diagnosed with different forms of uterine cell transformations in order to evaluate the extent of oxidative stress in the blood of such patients. Blood samples of healthy subjects and gynecological patients were collected and subjected to assays for superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and lipid hydroperoxides. The results show that alterations of the measured parameters vary with the enzyme type and diagnosis. However, both reduction in antioxidants and elevation of lipid peroxidation were observed in general. In addition, lipid hydroperoxide levels were negatively correlated with superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, as well as positively correlated with catalase activity. The obtained results also show that perturbation of the antioxidant status is more pronounced in blood of patients with premalignant (hyperplastic) and malignant (adenocarcinoma) lesions, compared to those with benign uterine changes such as polypus and myoma.","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115575909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The choice of the diagnostic biomarkers of acute coronary syndromes","authors":"N. Majkić-Singh","doi":"10.2298/JMH0501001M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMH0501001M","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac markers have undergone an amazing transformation from asparatate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to the three cardiac markers families available at present for routine use in Emergency Department for the evaluation of the chest discomfort: myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK) and the MB isoenzyme of CK (CK-MB), and the troponins I and T (cTnI and cTnT). Each of these has well known kinetics of release from dying myocardial cells and should be carefully applied to each patient as directed by timing of symptoms and presentation. Myoglobin has been touted as an early marker with a high negative predictive value but low specificity. CK and CK-MB represent the \"gold standard\" for the diagnosis of MI as defined by the WHO criteria. The toponins are cardiac-specific proteins with high degrees of both sensitivity and specificity for myocardial necrosis. These serum markers of necrosis have been well studied in high-risk groups with a high prevalence of AMI. Promising research has also proven benefit in lower-risk patients in the chest pain units. Inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and markers of platelet such as P-selectin are currently being studied but have not yet been accepted for widespread use. Cardiac markers have proved extremely valuable for diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment of patients in the emergency setting. However, the ideal cardiac marker evaluation protocol varies between institutions, laboratories, patient's populations, and resource availability. Specific marker regimens should be tailored to meet the objectives of diagnosis myocardial infarction and providing risk stratification. New tests are developed at a fast rate and the technology of existing test is continuously being improved. A rigorous evaluation process of diagnostic tests before introduction into clinical practice could not only reduce the number of unwanted clinical consequences related to misleading estimates of test accuracy, but also limit health care costs by preventing unnecessary testing. The evaluation of diagnostic tests is complex but analytical accuracy and diagnostic accuracy is recognized as two of the pillars. Earlier recognition of problems with the quality of reporting of randomized, controlled clinical trials resulted in the Consolited Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Statement, on the basis of which a checklist of items that should be easily identified in the report of any study on diagnostic accuracy has been developed. The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) group has tried to provide the evidence supporting the various components of the Statement. On the basis of these approach, the concept of Evidence- Based Laboratory Medicine (EBLM) should be taken seriously, therefore, for several reasons. First, we should all take pride in producing the best results possible to aid physicians in making diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment decisions. Second, the enormous increase in ","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123323662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES AS FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON THE VALUES OF HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS","authors":"Danica Popović, S. Spasić","doi":"10.2298/JMB0504271P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JMB0504271P","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: There are many different factors which influence the values of hematological parameters of healthy persons and they can be recognized as biological, methodological and the factors of analytical method in the elaboration of samples. For these previously mentioned factors, it is necessary to establish the bases of referential values which will take into consideration all the influences in such a way that each result can be interpreted when compared to a specific base. In this research we investigated a population of women in childbed during three different periods of time characterized by diverse social and economic circumstances (the year 1986, the period between 1994 and 1996 and the beginning of 2004) and we settled the referential values for the basic hematological parameters. The results from the second period observed show a decrease of the average values compared with the first observed period. In the third examined period, there is the increase of the same values, related to the second one. The interactive relations among the results in various periods are statistically very important. The changes in average values for each of the seven hematological parameters caused the changes in referential limits and they represent the clear reflection of the social and economic situation during those periods of time.","PeriodicalId":287983,"journal":{"name":"Jugoslovenska Medicinska Biohemija-yugoslav Medical Biochemistry","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129630290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}