2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium最新文献

{"title":"FerryBox — Real-time monitoring of water quality by ferryboats","authors":"W. Petersen, M. Petschatnikov, H. Wehde, F. Schroeder","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296842","url":null,"abstract":"Results from the experiences of two years demonstrate the functionality and applicability of autonomous monitoring systems on ships of opportunity (FerryBox). Recent measurements shows that continuous chemical-biological data from the ferry route across the North Sea will provide scientists and monitoring authorities with information on the eutrophication status and enhance the existing knowledge on nutrient and plankton dynamics. The possibilities of the combination of FerryBox data with remote sensing measurements and models in order to enhance the information from one transect to a larger area are shown.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132247645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oil spills: A natural resource trustee's perspective","authors":"C. Manen","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296845","url":null,"abstract":"As recognition of increased pressure on coastal ecosystems and the value of the goods and services that these systems provide have grown, the US has enacted environmental laws to protect these sensitive resources from injury and depletion. To meet its responsibilities under these laws, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has developed and utilizes a science-based paradigm in response to spills of oil and other hazardous materials. The goals of this system are to reduce the injury to coastal resources and ecosystems (response) and enhance the recovery of any injured resources (restoration).","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134189234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arctic military environmental cooperation radiological controls at Russian facilities — Application of the Picasso system","authors":"J. Sanders, J. Pomerville, P. Moskowitz","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296798","url":null,"abstract":"The Arctic Military Environmental Cooperation (AMEC) is a cooperative effort between military establishments of the Russian Federation, Norway, United States, and United Kingdom to reduce potential environmental threats from military installations and activities in the Arctic region and enhancing the environmental security of all three countries. The goal of this project is to enhance the ability of the Russian Navy to perform effectively and safely radioecological monitoring of sites at facilities dismantling nuclear submarines and handling and disposition of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and the radioactive waste by-products. Radioecological monitoring is needed to protect workers at the sites engaged in work involving the dismantlement of nuclear submarines, the local public of the surrounding communities, and the environment. Radioecological monitoring is being accomplished by the installation of a centralized radiological surveillance system, the Picasso Environmental Monitoring system developed by the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), Halden, Norway. The Russian Institute for Nuclear Safety modified the system for use at Russian Federation Naval bases and developed a working model for its intended application. The working model includes Russian manufactured terrestrial and underwater gamma detectors, smart controllers, radio-modems for off-site transmission of data coupled with the Picasso Environmental Monitoring system installed into local computers, work stations, and a centralized server to monitor the real-time activity of the particular site. The selected sites for the installation of Picasso are the Polyarninsky Shipyard No. 10 and the RTP Atomflot shipyards. The AMEC project teams visited Polyarninsky Shipyard No. 10 and the RTP Atomflot shipyards in November 2003 to monitor the progress of the installation of the detection and monitoring systems. The implementation of the Picasso system will be integrated with other AMEC projects at both sites. Plans are being developed to implement the use of this system at most Russian Federation Naval sites handling SNF.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117052844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operational ocean forecasting at the Danish Meteorological Institute","authors":"E. Buch, J. She","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296800","url":null,"abstract":"The Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) in 1998 formed a division for Operational Oceanography. This division is today engaged and responsible for the operational production of forecasts of water levels, currents, waves, temperature, salinity and sea ice distribution in the North Sea - Baltic Sea region with special focus on the Danish Waters. Additionally operational production of wave forecasts for the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea as well as the drift of sea ice in Greenland Waters are parts of the daily routines. DMI's Division for Operational Oceanography is actively engaged in the international operational oceanographic coordination work within EuroGOOS, NOOS and BOOS, and is a partner in EU-funded projects such as PAPA, ODON, MERSEA and MOEN.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115092563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General peculiarities of long-term fluctuations of the Baltic Sea and the Kurshiu Marios lagoon water level in the Region of Lithuania","authors":"I. Dailidienė, A. Stankevičius, B. Tilickis","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296810","url":null,"abstract":"One of the indicators of the climate change is water level. Causes of the rise in water level are related with more frequent advection of warm and dry water masses during the cold period, with global atmospheric changes in circulation, with stronger air movement from the west, with rising air temperature, which causes rising water temperature. Rapid rise in water level observed during the last decades of the 20th century, which is directly associated with the problems of shore destruction, land flooding, violation of ecological balance is a matter of great concern.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125411028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of development impacts on coastal zone: Integrated approach Northampton County, Eastern Shore, Virginia","authors":"S. Zableckis","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296829","url":null,"abstract":"Northampton County, located in the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA, remains relatively undeveloped, but it is expected that the region's population and economy will grow and environment will change considerably. The goal of the research was to assess Northampton County development perspectives. Four development scenarios were created to examine environmental and socioeconomic indicators. Investigation showed that the Golf Course scenario would provide the most economic opportunities for local residents. The environmental indicators showed that Agriculture scenario would be the biggest polluter to the county's ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128537033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of macro algae and blue mussels stocks in the Eastern Baltic","authors":"A. Korolev, M. Fetter","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296834","url":null,"abstract":"The Latvian coastal zone in the South-Eastern Baltic is a very important part of the Baltic Sea. The environmental conflict is observed in this area. On the one hand this area is under high level of contamination and sedimentation, on the other hand biocenoses which occur most frequently and basic herring spawning grounds are situated there. Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and marine red algae (Furcellaria lumbricalis) are the basic species-indicators for the coastal area of Latvia and Lithuania. Blue mussels are a filtrator, Furcellaria is the oxygen producer, an organic and mineral substance user, therefore these biocenoses exhibit high biofiltration and biosedimentation ability and thereby cooperate in the water self purification processes. Furcellaria is the best natural substratum for herring spawn. Furthermore, the algae are valuable raw material for agar-agar production. Different researchers investigated the distribution and abundance of Furcellaria at the Lithuanian and Latvian coast from 1955 to the present day. Investigations of herring spawning grounds, distribution and abundance of Furcellaria and Mytilus edulis were the main part of benthic biocenoses monitoring which was annually carried out by the Latvian Fisheries Research Institute in 1980-1990 from Klaipeda to Ventspils and episodically in 1998-2003 in the Latvian coastal zone. The values on Furcellaria biomass for 1928-1938 were reconstructed basing on the data of the algae discharges on a shore in that period and the total biomass of Furcellaria was estimated at the level of about 200 thousand tones. The high level of Furcellaria stock in the Latvian coastal zone in 1928-1938 indicates good environmental quality of coastal waters. The extreme decreasing of algae biomass was observed after two large oil accidents near the coast (tankers “Antonio Gramshi” near Ventspils in1979 and “Globe Asime” near Klaipeda in 1981). In the result of the accidents environmental conditions changed for the worse and the habitat of Furcellaria strongly diminished. Our observations in 1998, 1999 and 2003 showed some relative restoration of Furcellaria stock as compared with 1990. Blue mussel distribution and biomass changed inconsiderably during 1980-1998. However, after dumping of dragging sand near the Liepaja port (2001) total biomass of blue mussels decreased about 2 times as compared with previous estimations. The observations and sampling of macrobenthos were carried out using underwater photography, a TV system and SCUBA diving. Surfer Mapping System was used to mapping of Furcellaria and Blue mussels.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127377048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bottom stress measurements in shallow water under waves","authors":"A. J. Williams, E. Terray, A. Morrison","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296807","url":null,"abstract":"In the constant stress part of the bottom boundary layer, from 0.1 to 2 m above the bottom, waves can bias the measurement of average correlation of streamwise and vertical velocity fluctuations due to tides and wind, the Reynolds stress. From four vector velocity sensors in 15 meters depth exposed to ocean swell and wind waves, the differencing technique of Trowbridge has been used to remove the wave bias. However determination of the wave boundary layer stress of the lowest centimeter, responsible for sediment erosion and suspension, remains elusive.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123673889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New approaches to improve the detection of eutrophication in UK coastal waters","authors":"D. Mills, N. Greenwood, S. Kroger, M. Devlin, D. Sivyer, D. Pearce, S. Cutchey, S. Malcolm","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296835","url":null,"abstract":"Robust assessments of eutrophication are necessary to meet the requirements of a range of international (OSPAR) and EU legislative drivers. To meet these needs EU states have developed marine monitoring programmes designed to allow the application of specified assessment procedures. The UK has reviewed its approach to monitoring eutrophication and has identified a range of future requirements to ensure the evidence base for assessment is robust and the underpinning science is in place. This paper describes the pilot application of in situ monitoring technology (SmartBuoy). Currently, two buoys are deployed in the southern North Sea and a third in Liverpool Bay (Irish Sea). The network of SmartBuoys returns data on physical, chemical and biological variables in near real-time (www.cefas.co.uk/monitoring). The rationale for system and network design will be described. Data from the multi-year time series will be presented and their subsequent use in assessments of eutrophication will be described.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"96 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126028305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibilities and limitations for the clean up of oil spills at sea","authors":"H. Oebius","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296848","url":null,"abstract":"The general aim of each countermeasure in the case of oil spills in waters must be to remove the discharged oil as rapidly and as completely as possible from the marine environment. Such measures can only be effective as long as the oil remains at the water surface and as long as the oil forms a cohesive slick. The effectiveness of the means very much depends on the basic physical principle applied for the removal and of their integration into a carrying vessel. This paper will demonstrate that technical solutions can be affiliated to four general physical principles. It will be shown that they differ in their possibilities to separate oil from water and their efficiency in general. Their physical backgrounds will be discussed and their effectiveness with respect to oil spill clean up evaluated.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123169140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}