2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium最新文献

{"title":"Baltic operational oceanographic system — BOOS","authors":"E. Buch, J. Elken, J. Gajewski, B. Haakansson, K. Kahma, K. Soetje","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2006.7266162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2006.7266162","url":null,"abstract":"BOOS is a formal association of institutes from Sweden, Finland, Russia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany and Denmark taking national responsibility for operational oceanographic services, which shall support the protection of lives and properties and the promotion of the development of society. Operational oceanography includes the routine collection, interpretation and presentation of data from the ocean and atmosphere to: give a reliable description of the actual conditions of the sea including its living resources; provide prognoses for the future development of the conditions in the sea; and establish a marine database from which time series and statistical analysis can be obtained for descriptions of trends and changes in the marine environment, including consequences for the living conditions in, on and around the sea. BOOS focuses primarily on observations, analysis and model predictions for water level, waves, currents, temperature, salinity, sea ice, oxygen, nutrients, algae, and chlorophyll, and contributes thereby to improve efficiency of marine operations, reduce the risk of accidents, optimise the monitoring of the marine environment and climate, improve the assessment of fish stocks and improve the foundation of public marine management. Developments of new products and services are implemented through projects. At present the BOOS members are working closely together in the EU financed project PAPA, which will in a cost-effective manner integrate and further develop the present operational ocean monitoring, data management and modelling activities within the Baltic Sea with the purpose of producing data products and ocean forecasts of a higher quality to the benefit of the users. PAPA is considered by the partners to constitute a valuable advance towards the establishment of an effective operational oceanographic service for the Baltic Sea.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133242159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies of fluxes of dissolved iron and manganese in the Gulf of Finland","authors":"S. V. Pakhomova, M. Kononets, A. Tengberg, P. O. Hall, A. Vershinin","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296825","url":null,"abstract":"Metal fluxes (total dissolved iron and manganese) across the water-sediment interface were studied in situ in the Gulf of Finland in June 2002 and 2003 using an autonomous benthic lander. Distribution of these metals in the sediment and the porewater was also investigated. Focus was given to understand the behavior of the studied metals at various redox conditions and the influence when sediment resuspension is occurring. Our data indicate the importance of the redox conditions for the iron fluxes with no fluxes at oxic, intermediate at anoxic and high fluxes at suboxic conditions. The fluxes of manganese do not seem to have any correlation with the oxygen levels. Both metals were significantly affected by resuspension, which led to a rapid release.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125863005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global climate change impact on Baltic wildlife: Results, problems, co-operation between nations and prospects","authors":"M. Žalakevičius","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296768","url":null,"abstract":"Since XIX century the mean annual air temperature has increased approximately by 1 °C in Lithuania. Recent climate warming raises new problems and targets for ecology and the human being. They are of extreme importance for environmental protection and different sectors of economy not only in the Baltic region, but in Europe and all over the world as well. Investigations of impacts on wildlife deal with sensitivity and vulnerability of the regions. The perspective of such research is evident. These changes reveal new urgent practical ecological problems on the science-policy interface basis. This process covers the entire planet.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126957344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shallow water profiling platforms — SeaTramp and Octopus","authors":"S. Skoglund, C. Waldmann","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296823","url":null,"abstract":"Two profiling concepts will be presented and compared: The commercially available buoyancy engine profiling system SeaTramp from Ocean Origo AB, Sweden with focus on the latest achievements and data sets and a prototype underwater winch system of the University of Bremen. SeaTramp is an autonomous, multicycling, data collecting titanium platform designed for long term unattended marine monitoring and research. It profiles along a guiding wire using a closed oil pump buoyancy control system for propulsion and performs well also in stratified waters and when equipped with bulky, non stream-line payload. SeaTramp may be set to operate in “profiling mode” as well as “brake mode” where the platform stops and measures only at discrete depths selected by the operator. A data set from Gullmar fjord in Sweden, where SeaTramp is equipped with a NAS-2E nitrate analyser, SeaBird CTD, oxygen, chlorophyll, tilt, transmittance and PAR (light) sensors is presented as an example on how to achieve high resolution depth profiles with only one single set of user selectable sensors. Underwater winch systems may under certain conditions be advantageous to use. The prototype system Octopus of the University of Bremen is especially designed for small payloads and allows for real-time accessibility of moored sensors. Tests of the system have been conducted in the Gullmar fjord in Sweden which showed promising results. The aim of the presentation is to describe the state of the art of shallow water profiling systems and give clues to future developments and use under different deployment conditions particularly in the Baltic Sea.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124476234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced technologies for Baltic research","authors":"V. Paka","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296769","url":null,"abstract":"The development of technologies for the Baltic research should be grounded on understanding of the complicity of the Baltic water structure. Each Baltic basin is characterized by its individual properties. To discover these properties, high-resolution repeated regularly measurements are necessary, which should be practicable for any research vessel. The paper presents some kind of the solution of this task, tested in numerous cruises of the r/v “Professor Shtokman”.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124095637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations of sand transportation near the Lithuanian Sea coast","authors":"J. Dubra","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296838","url":null,"abstract":"Lithuania has only a short (92 km long) coastline along the south east coast of the Baltic Sea. The coast and a belt near it are mostly covered with sand. Sand lies in a narrow coastal bottom zone to the depth of about 7 meters and partly in deeper areas. To keep the necessary depth the Klaipėda Port periodically deepens the navigable canal. It has been done since the 19th century. The process of deepening became especially intensive after World War II. Strong winds move light deposit lying on the sea bottom and sea currents start transporting them. During hurricanes and strong gales the transportation of sediments along the shore is most intensive. It can cause either wash away of the coast or make it grow sometimes.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131223191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of a solid phase extraction (SPE) system for environmental monitoring","authors":"R. Dyer, J. Balaam, K. Thomas","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296805","url":null,"abstract":"This presentation describes the development of an automated solid phase extraction (SPE) device, developed from a 50 port extraction unit (Aqualab) coupled with an SPE disc holder containing a C18 speedisk®. The device has been tested in the laboratory over 20 days in a tank spiked with antifouling paints and the extracts collected tested for the presence of Irgarol 1051, SeaNine 211 and diuron. The data show no significant reduction in recovery when leaving discs in the water, compared to removing on the day of exposure, making this a good technique for analysing such compounds over long periods of time.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131224713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computer handbook on hydro-meteorological regime of the Baltic Sea","authors":"A. Koch, V. Rozhkov","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296799","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial-temporal variability of hydro-meteorological fields of the Baltic Sea is studied. Principles of spatial-temporal variability of atmospheric pressure, sea level and a vertical thermo-haline structure of seawaters in terms of a random field have been revealed. The possibility of using the model information as the base for creating of electronic handbooks on sea regime is discussed.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"524 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132898073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of oil spills from offshore installations. Presentation of methods and preliminary results from the osis, “oil spill identification sensor” project","authors":"J. Holst","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296840","url":null,"abstract":"The key driver behind the development of the OSIS sensor system was to pursue implementation of the MARPOL 73/78 annex 1 protocol on offshore installations in line with what is already implemented on vessels. Due to the high number of offshore installations within the “Special Areas” these installations have so far been subject to exemption from the MARPOL 73/78 annex 1 directive. The main reason for this regulative exemption is the lack of surveillance methods capable of monitoring oil spills from offshore installations effectively. The objective for the OSIS project is to develop and demonstrate a sensor system mounted directly on offshore installations performing 24hours a-day surveillance, hereby providing the means to remove the legislative exemption. A functional model of the OSIS sensor system was built in 2003 and tests are currently being performed onshore as well as offshore demonstrating the capability of the system to identify and measure volume of oil spills effectively. The input to the OSIS system is collected by a Sensor Pack based on advanced microwave sensors placed on the offshore installation. The Sensor Pack is continuously monitoring the surrounding waters measuring both area and volume of oil spills. Based on data from the Sensor Pack a rule based pattern recognition system identifies the oil spill. When an oil spill is detected pictures are transmitted to an onshore based Central Server. In the paper various sensor types and oil detection systems are discussed and the resulting components in the OSIS system are presented. Governmental and non-governmental target groups can have access to the info screens illustrated below via a traditional web interface. The end user is presented relevant information about the location of the rig, status of the sensor measurements and in case of an oil spill, the estimated contamination area and amount spilled. Data is transmitted into an onshore database by a satellite link from a local positioned master unit, gathering data from up to 16 sensors placed on different offshore rigs. The OSIS sensor system has been tested under controlled input conditions by discharging various amounts and types of oil on a water surface. The paper will present these results and discuss what accuracy can be expected from the oil volume measurements. The OSIS demonstration project was started in December 2001 after receiving commitment from the Danish Environmental Protection Agency and Danish Energy Agency to build a prototype system. With financial support from LIFE Environment and the Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation, OSIS International pursued the objective of designing a sensor that was able to monitor oil spills from offshore installations.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133430427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine sediment mapping systems for rapid coastal assessment","authors":"S. Noakes, J. Noakes","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2004.7296813","url":null,"abstract":"The Gamma Isotope Mapping System (GIMS) and the Continuous Sediment Sampling System (CS3) (Fig. 1) have been developed at the Center for Applied Isotope Studies, The University of Georgia in response to the growing need for a rapid, cost-effective tool that can assess the environmental impact of the urban and industrial growth along coastal regions. Capable of mapping radionuclides, metals, and organic compounds, the combined GIMS/CS3 has been widely utilized in tracking both point and non-point source marine sediment contaminants in estuarine and offshore environments. The system consists of a towed seafloor sled, which allows in-situ radionuclide measurement, and fine-grained sediment sample collection while the survey vessel is underway. Detailed two- and three-dimensional maps are compiled from the data collected by the GIMS/CS3 and utilized to identify trends associated with point and non-point pollution sources.","PeriodicalId":287811,"journal":{"name":"2004 USA-Baltic Internation Symposium","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116789340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}