Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023最新文献

{"title":"Minimizing Production Deferrals Due to Emergency Shutdowns of Pipelines & Gas Lift Modules Using Integrated Network Modelling, Gulf of Suez Example","authors":"Ahmed Abdelraouf Elgamal, Ahmed Maher Maher, M. E. Eissa, Hisham Mousa Selim, M. Ibrahim, Mahmoud Koreesh Koreesh, Mahmoud Elwan Elwan","doi":"10.2118/214011-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/214011-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Gulf of Suez is one of the prolific Oil & gas areas in the world. Oil Production in this area started as early as the 1960s when the Giant Morgan Field was discovered, followed by discoveries of Small to Moderate Fields in the same basin. As time goes on, Fields get brown, and so do the production pipelines, Production facilities and gas lift modules. Because of aging, production interruption is a fact more than a choice. However, the Area of choice and decision is to decide the mode of action to deal with interrupts.\u0000 The field is located offshore the Gulf of Suez and started production mid-1970s. Field Produces through a pipeline network connecting 10 satellite platforms to a central production facility for primary offshore separation. All wells utilize gas lift, and similarly, high-pressure gas lines connect wells on satellite platforms to Central compression Facilities offshore and onshore. Some of these Pipelines and gas lift modules exceeded the age of 40 years, making them susceptible to failure, a situation of long-term production deferrals. In 2021 the Field had an emergency shutdown for two main pipelines impacting the production of more than 6000 BOPD from Four platforms. A calibrated Network model coupled with well models was built to study different options for production rerouting and lift gas optimization to keep the line pressure of the new route as low as possible and maintain the highest possible production.\u0000 Several simulation iterations could optimize production and minimize production deferrals using the alternative route to 1000 BOPD instead of a Complete Shut Down. The optimization plan was conveyed to the Field, and the production deferral did not exceed 1300 BOPD. Following the optimization runs, the mindset for managing operation interrupts was proactive instead of reactive. This philosophy has been extended to minimize planned and unplanned deferrals during gas lift modules downtime during overhauls or emergency repairs. Applying a contingency optimization plan allowed for decreasing deferrals by 80%. To sum up, integrated asset modelling greatly optimizes production and minimizes planned and unplanned production deferrals.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114721180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Evaluation and Assessment of Wellbore, Casing and Cement Integrity During Critical High-Pressure Operations in Existing and Abandoned Wells","authors":"Jocin James Abraham, M. Amani","doi":"10.2118/214035-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/214035-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With the declining access to ‘easy oil’ and an increase in energy demand, oil and gas producers are increasingly focusing on producing from more challenging unconventional reserves. This can especially be seen from the widespread proliferation of fracturing operations, during which a production well is purposely hydraulically fractured by injecting fracturing fluids at elevated pressures. However, in many operations, especially in deep reservoirs, casing deformations or cement layer integrity failures are observed. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly understand wellbore integrity issues for ensuring safe fracturing operation.\u0000 A decay in the mechanical properties of steel and cement is expected after exposure to different operations, pressures, temperatures and fluids over time, which can significantly degrade the thickness and burst pressures ratings of the casing string. In this study, the degree of casing wear developed due to routine operations as well as corrosion and erosion in existing conventional wells is calculated using drilling and completion program datasets. Casing wear depends on several factors such as rate of penetration, rotary speed, wellbore orientation, as well as wellbore wear constants. These parameters are used in various models to calculate the wear volume, which is then correlated to an average percentage reduction in thickness of the casing string. This is then used as an input parameter for a finite-element analysis of casing-cement interaction under different scenarios, especially focusing on stresses in the connections.\u0000 Analyses show that long term wellbore integrity does indeed depend on the quality of the casing program, cementing job as well as the minimization of human errors. The design of fracture treatments should therefore consider weak points around the casing and the cementing layer, especially those arising due to casing wear. Based on calculations, casing wear losses of over 40% of the initial volume can occur during the operational life cycle of a well, leading to a considerable decrease in thickness and burst ratings of the casing string. Finite element simulations show that varying stress concentrations in the steel and cement components can lead to fatigue and failure through tension and compression. Depending on the extent of casing wear, stresses above the unconfined compressive strength of common cement formulations are observed. If not accounted for, these lapses can lead to cement integrity issues and a critical well integrity failure.\u0000 The results of this work can be used as a simpler field evaluation to determine actual casing and cement properties over the operational lifespan of a well and provide a methodology to assess the effects of wear on the casing, connections and the cement layer. This should be correlated to the integrity of the wellbore under different conditions before starting fracturing operations.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129309343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Innovative System to Contain Well Integrity Problems and Maximum Operational Excellence","authors":"Abdullah Mubarak Alqahtani, A. Benamara","doi":"10.2118/214014-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/214014-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Well integrity is one of the most critical elements for prolonging life of producing wells. A good integrity program will ensure safe, cost effective operation, whilst avoiding any environmental related issues. To improve well integrity monitoring and control and promote operational excellence by having real-time monitoring of tubing-casing annulus, and have the ability to relieve pressure at any time without the need to visit the well site. An innovative system was designed to be an integral part of the well completion, preferably below tubing hanger below sub surface safety valve, to relieve pressure from tubing-casing annulus to the tubing. The system allows real-time monitoring of both annulus and tubing and enables relieving high annuli pressure to the tubing remotely or by having a set point activation.\u0000 The system is tailored to make advantage of the digital oilfields platform to provide robust data real-time monitoring of annuli anomalies and help contain the problem. The innovative system enables unmanned operations and continuous monitoring and control of annuli anomalies. It helps contain well integrity problems till the workover rig is available to salvage the problem. This safe routine and convenient eliminates the needs for wellsite visits that are at high cost and sometimes not possible, especially in offshore operations. In addition, it alleviates the need to vent gases to atmosphere and avoid environmental and human safety issues. The system can also help validate data by monitoring fluid gradients in tubing and annulus, which help get better diagnosis for well integrity anomalies.\u0000 This unmatched system is the only tool that is designed to have an integrated system that will monitor pressures and gradients in tubing and annulus, which provide an advanced diagnostics of annuli problems. In addition, it can help contain the annuli problem by continuously reliving the pressure into tubing, as needed, without human intervention.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128860859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced PVT and Core Analysis for Enhanced Oil Recovery Study of Unconsolidated Sandstone Reservoir","authors":"M. Gibrata, G. Ameish, Yanfidra Djanuar, M. Eldali, Qingfeng Huang, J. Lozano, Nizarudeen Ali, Bashar Mansour","doi":"10.2118/214025-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/214025-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the matured unconsolidated sandstone reservoir of oil field, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is important to be implemented. It is to ensure the oil production with the optimum recovery from the reservoir. It requires an integration multi disciplines rock and fluid properties evaluation. In this EOR Study with core-gas injection, it has used engineering of gas injection in advanced PVT analysis that requires a series of laboratory data to properly understand the injection solvent/reservoir fluid phase behavior and EOR displacement in core flooding.\u0000 The PVT study has been performed, initially on the gas miscibility and phase behavior that consists swelling test, minimum miscibility pressure (MMP), vapour liquid equilibrium (VLE) and multi-contact evaluation and flow assurance studies. The oil and water from the particular reservoir conditions have been used in the analysis. Then it continued with reservoir characterization, core-gas injection and water alternating gas (WAG) analysis. It has involved an in-house integrated petrophysical, geological, reservoir characterization and model in the EOR study. A 3D computed tomography (CT) image and the available RRT model have been used for core plugs selection of the EOR study.\u0000 The unconsolidated core samples have been plugged successfully by liquid nitrogen and cleaned, inject the higher salinity water until reaching a high water cut, inject the low salinity water in the same manner, and the wettability restoration a steady-state relative permeability with the selected fluids. The steady-state floods (gas-oil, water-oil and gas-water) have been designed to obtain relative permeability on plugs representing selected reservoir rock types at reservoir conditions (pressure and temperature). A digital rock analysis with steady state floods on the same rock types is validated, then digital rock analysis is used to obtain relative permeability data on all remaining rock types for fast time and effective cost. The saturation is determined by in situ saturation monitoring (ISSM) with X-Ray attenuation through the core. Injection continues until the pressure drop across the core sample and the measured saturation are stable. Gas and oil are injected into a sample initially at initial water saturation (Swi) with increasing gas/oil ratios up to maximum gas injection and the sample is at residual oil saturation. The optimum conditions for WAG and related parameters controlled by the core properties on the EOR displacement analysis are defined.\u0000 This special integrated approach of EOR study has provided the reliable technical basis and assurance for the development of unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. The oil recovery with current reservoir conditions range has been measured. It has benefits to maximize oil recovery from current main producing reservoir with utilizing the available gas, fluid, core, logs, production and others reservoir data which is important for successful of the field development.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"29 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123262090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excelling in Subsurface Unscheduled Deferment: Showcasing Best-In-Class Performance in Field X in the Southern of Oman","authors":"Ghosin Nasser Al Shukaili, Ahmed Al Ajmi, S. Al Kindi, Said Nasser Al Riyami, Saif Mohammed Al Matroushi, Mehdi Mohamed Al Lawati, G. Urdaneta, Marpaung Billman Morinata","doi":"10.2118/214005-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/214005-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 One of PDO operated field in southern Oman (Field X) was seeing an increase with time in subsurface unscheduled deferment reaching 3.7% of total field potential in 2020. This percentage of subsurface unscheduled deferment was far away from local (2%) and global (1%) top quartile.\u0000 Field X considered is one of the oldest fields in southern Oman and currently producing over 90 K bbl/d of net oil from over 2200 oil producers, distributed across 23 fields. The oil is being processed by 5 main stations. Very dynamic operation taking place in Filed X with more than 1600 well interventions yearly. Due to these facts, Subsurface unscheduled deferment management in Field X is a real challenge. And If this business pain not resolved, an average of 3,800 bbl/d unscheduled sub-surface deferment will continue and accumulate.\u0000 In a phase-wise approach, a dedicated workshop on subsurface deferment reduction was carried out with all the stakeholders in 2020 to reach the potential solutions to reduce unplanned subsurface deferment in Field X. The four main elements for this pain are Fail Less, Restoration cycle time, resources management and data visualization.\u0000 Since 2020 Field X subsurface unscheduled deferment has been decreasing dramatically to 2.9% in 2021 and 2.4% in 2022, approaching local top quartile (2%). A historical record has been achieved in September 2022 by reducing the unscheduled subsurface deferment to only 0.8% beating both local and global (1%) top quartile. This paper will discuss the methodology and best practices that led to achieve such results.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"429 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133709413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operation Efficiency and Rig Performance Improvements through Data Analytics","authors":"Ahmad Al Ady, Nata Franco, Mauricio Corona, Arnott Dorantes","doi":"10.2118/213977-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/213977-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper is focus on the performance benefits when drilling data is streamed from rig sensors (high-frequency) and is integrated with daily drilling reports and well plans (low-frequency). The purpose is to systematically monitor and evaluate the performance of the entire rig fleet across the well construction process in the 20 land rigs drilling and completing oil and gas wells.\u0000 The first step is to segregate each activity in the well construction process in main categories to allow the system to recognize the operational sequence from all the historical wells. A set of KPIs are defined for each one of the activities and the benchmark is set. Both high-frequency and low-frequency data are quality checked and computed into the pre-defined KPIs. Through the systematic analysis approach, the indicators are reviewed and in-deep understanding of rig capabilities, crew performance, operational constrains and drilling tools efficiency is made available to the team members, accessed via web-based application or automated daily report.\u0000 With the help of the data coming from the rig sensors and the data collected from the daily drilling reports a perfect match result in a reliable source for the KPI generation is done. The procession of all the historical data provides a good insight to support the benchmark and proceed with the next step, which is the computation of the Invisible Lost Time, measuring the inefficiency of each one of the well construction activities. The drilling team takes appropriate actions using continuous improvement principles to identify waste and performance improvement opportunities. This also involves implementing all the best practices and introduce changes on the way we perform operations.\u0000 Improvement plans can be prepared for achieving greater operational efficiency by evaluating everyday performance against agreed benchmarks and extend technical limits of established well plans, generating automated best composite times for future wells. Additionally, cost saving initiatives are identified in underperforming areas, non-productive time, and invisible lost time operations. This performance-based approach along with the multi-rig analysis platform has been a tremendous improving tool in the project and greatly enhanced rig performance, and some of the cases and insights to be shared might mutually benefit other operators and service companies in the region.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133778582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amplitude-Preserving Reconstruction Method for 3D Irregular Data Based on Improved POCS Algorithm","authors":"Yudong Ni, Yinpo Xu, Bo Long, Xinggang Liu, Chun Zhang, Guang Ren, Mingliang Wang","doi":"10.2118/214040-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/214040-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In an increasingly complex exploration environment, the acquired seismic data are incomplete and irregular, and field interference often seriously affects the S/N (signal-to-noise ratio) of complex seismic signals. At the same time, weak seismic signals in deep geophysical target are always covered by field noise. How to effectively reconstruct irregular seismic signals and suppress field noise is still a key problem in high-precision seismic exploration. The paper systematically analyzes the inverse problem of sparse optimization for noise suppression of field interferences in irregular seismic data under the framework of 3D curvelet transform, and proposes an amplitude-preserving reconstruction technique for 3D irregular data based on improved POCS algorithm with iterative soft threshold. On the basis of achieving highly sparse representation, the effective seismic signal is inversed iteratively through the change of S/N of adjacent traces to effectively improve the S/N of complex seismic data. At the same time, when solving the sparse optimization problem, the dividing point of noise and effective wave curvelet coefficient is obtained by constructing the ratio formula of curvelet coefficient, which lays the foundation for accurately suppressing noises and reconstructing weak seismic signals. The application of actual data shows that the method can suppress the noises in the complex seismic data, recover the missing data effectively, and improve the fidelity of the reconstructed data.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131855215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated OBN Seismic Acquisition & Processing Technology in Complex Shallow Water","authors":"Yaoping Yu, Wei Wang, Junkai Zhang, Minxue Luo, Liqing Tong, Junlong Zhang, Quancai Xiao","doi":"10.2118/214041-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/214041-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In 2022, BGP carried out a high-density 3D seismic acquisition project in the Caspian Sea. The water depth ranges from 6.5m to 40m in the survey area. It is a complex offshore oil field with many operational challenges to face, numerous densely distributed platforms and subsea oil pipelines, the various water depth caused submarine volcano and difficult final processing imaging. This paper tends to present results of the integrated OBN acquisition and processing for this challenging survey. For field acquisition, a suitable geometry was designed to meet geological objectives, and field operational scheme was optimized considering in the congested oil field with flexibility of ocean nodes; The quality control technology of massive node data was applied, which provided a powerful guarantee for data quality. For data processing, integrated seismic processing strategy was performed to ensure final imaging for this complex shallow data and initial results have encouraged structural seismic images profitable to interpretation.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"51 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116386321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erosion Rate in a Complex Pipeline Using CFD","authors":"Aimen Marrah, M. A. Rahman","doi":"10.2118/214074-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/214074-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The main objective of this study is to simulate the dynamic behavior of entrained solid-particles in a pipe flow and its role in the erosion process. A detailed parametric study changing the solid particle diameter, flow rate, pipe diameter, fluid viscosity, and solid particle density was performed to find the critical parameter that affects erosion in a pipeline. To fulfill the objectives of the study, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation was conducted for water-solid flow within a complex pipeline geometry with rapid alterations in flow directions. The simulation was performed using ANSYS Fluent code. Three different turbulent models: k-epsilon (k-ε), k-omega (k-ω) and Shear Stress Transport (SST) have been compared to find out the best turbulent model validating the simulation results with the experimental results. Flow instability, turbulence, and erosion have been quantified for different sand particle size of 10, 70, 100 and 200 microns and different inlet liquid velocities of 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 m/s. The inlet velocity has a remarkable effect in the erosion rate. We have observed that if the inlet velocity is increased from 20 m/s to 40 m/s, the erosion rate is increased from 1.73 x10−4 kg/m2.s to 2.11×10−3 kg/m2.s, respectively at a constant particle size of 200 μm. We have also observed that if the solid particle size is increased from 70 μm to 100 μm, the erosion rate is increased from 5.79 × 10−4 kg/m2.s to 8.03 × 10−4 kg/m2.s, respectively, at a constant velocity of 40 m/s. Previous studies have studied the effect of sand particles on the erosion of an elbow; however, this work introduces a complex pipeline which has three elbows and an arch. This study can be utilized for quantifying the erosion rate in complex pipeline geometry with larger pipeline diameters and varying fluid properties.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122024818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The First Off-Grid Solar Power Plant in Iraq","authors":"Rui Ma, Junxian Liu","doi":"10.2118/214077-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/214077-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 More and more countries around the world are putting more focus on renewable energies due to the surging price of energy and highly concern about environment issues. Solar energy has significant growth and development in recent years, becoming one of the fastest growing sources of renewable energy worldwide. Countries in Middle East, has shown increasing interest in developing its solar energy sector. Iraqi government has launched several initiatives aimed at increasing the use of solar energy and is committed to developing the country's solar energy sector as a means of reducing its dependence on oil exports and meeting its growing energy demand.\u0000 Faihaa Field 2.5 MW Solar Power Plant, which is located in Block 9 approximately 50 km north of Basra City, was invested and commissioned by Kuwait Energy Basra Limited. The power plant is an off-grid 2.5 MW PV solar power plant with 2.5 MWh battery energy storage system. After we put this plant into operation, it has already saved us 1,732 liters diesel per day. Additionally, solar energy is a zero emission energy, so it also help to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. This is the first off-grid solar power plant in Iraq, which is a notable milestone for solar energy development in this country. The solar energy industry in Iraq will benefit from this project's valuable experience and trained technical team.","PeriodicalId":286390,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128606278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}