Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural最新文献

{"title":"Pioneers in Spanish Paleontology: María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado (1921-1985)","authors":"I. Rábano","doi":"10.29077/bol.114.e06.rabano","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.114.e06.rabano","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with some aspects of María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado´s biography (1921-1985), an unknown pioneer in the history of Spanish Geology. Marriage and motherhood removed her from science after a brief but intense research work. She graduated in Natural Sciences in 1946, and got a Spanish National Research Council scholarship to carry out her Ph.D. thesis on the Devonian of Spain, supervised by Francisco Hernández-Pacheco. She collaborated with Manuel Alía Medina on some paleontological issues of the geology of Western Sahara. Also, the evolution of the teaching of geological subjects during the first half of the 20th century in Spain is shown. Se presentan algunos aspectos de la biografía de María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado (1921-1985), una pionera desconocida en la historia de la Geología española. El matrimonio y la maternidad la retiraron de la ciencia tras una breve pero intensa actividad investigadora. Licenciada en Ciencias, Sección de Ciencias Naturales, por la Universidad Central en 1946, obtuvo una beca del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas en el Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid para realizar su tesis doctoral sobre el Devónico en España, dirigida por Francisco Hernández-Pacheco. Colaboró con Manuel Alía Medina en algunas cuestiones paleontológicas de las investigaciones geológico-mineras del Sáhara Occidental. Asimismo, se muestra la evolución de la enseñanza de las materias geológicas durante la primera mitad del siglo XX en España","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124602983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni (1756-1827) and the origin of meteorites","authors":"Cándido Manuel García-Cruz","doi":"10.29077/bol.115.e03.garciacruz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.115.e03.garciacruz","url":null,"abstract":"At the end of the 18th Century, an essay on fireballs, masses of iron or aeroliths that occasionally fell on Earth was published by the German physicist Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni (1756-1827). In that work, previous conjectures trying to provide an explanation of this phenomenon were refuted, among them several ideas such as processes related to atmospheric humidity, the action of lightning, mergers caused by both forest fires and coal seams, or Moon volcanism. Chladni proposed an alternative theory: the cosmic or extraterrestrial origin of all these materials. His ideas were based on a comparative study among the different existing samples, as well as on the cases which had occurred according to the reports of many eyewitnesses. Chladni considered this phenomenon as being natural in origin, and he implicitly applied the principle of actualism, with which it was possible to explain the past from the present, but also the principle of uniformity of natural laws, both in the space and in the time, with which was possible to stablish a relationship between the structural and mineralogical characteristics of the different samples. Despite the fact that various geochemical works were published in the following years which supported the cosmic origin, the definitive recognition was slow to arrive, even some years after Chladni’s death, but main personalities such as Laplace, Somerville, and Humboldt, among others, had contributed to it. This essay has been considered the most important work in the foundation of Meteoritics. A finales del siglo XVIII, el físico alemán Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni (1756-1827) publicó un ensayo sobre las bolas de fuego, masas de hierro o aerolitos que ocasionalmente caían sobre la Tierra. En ese trabajo se refutaban conjeturas previas que intentaban explicar este fenómeno mediante procesos relacionados con la humedad atmosférica, la acción de los rayos, fusiones provocadas por incendios de bosques o vetas de carbón, o el volcanismo lunar. Chladni proponía una teoría alternativa: el origen cósmico o extraterrestre de todos estos materiales. Sus ideas se basaban en un estudio comparativo entre las diferentes muestras existentes, y en los casos acaecidos de acuerdo con los informes de muchos testigos oculares. Implícitamente aplicaba a este fenómeno, considerado como natural, el principio del actualismo, con el que era factible explicar el pasado a partir del presente, así como el principio de la uniformidad de las leyes naturales, tanto en el espacio como en el tiempo, lo que permitía relacionar las características estructurales y mineralógicas de las diferentes muestras entre sí. A pesar de que en los años siguientes aparecieron diversos trabajos geoquímicos que apoyaban el origen cósmico, el reconocimiento definitivo tardó en llegar, incluso algunos años tras la muerte de Chladni, con personalidades tan relevantes como Laplace, Somerville y Humboldt. Este ensayo está considerado el trabajo fundacional de la Meteor","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124743421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of the ichthyological knowledge of the Galician sea","authors":"R. Bañón, T. Maño","doi":"10.29077/bol.115.e05.banon","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.115.e05.banon","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the historical knowledge of marine ichthyology in Galicia through an interdisciplinary approach that integrates information from diverse sources of documented information. The history of ichthyology has evolved with the way humans relate to the natural world. The study of activities related to marine fish as an important source of food has been the main source of knowledge throughout history. From the 18th century onwards, with the invention of the binomial nomenclature, scientific interest and an acceleration of ichthyological knowledge arose. Since the end of the 20th century, technological progress, both exploratory and analytical (molecular taxonomy), has led to a greater knowledge of the deep ichthyofaunal and the application of integrative taxonomy, with the discovery of new taxonomic relationships. Numerous national and Galician ichthyologists have contributed to this knowledge, with an important contribution from foreign researchers, especially from France. En el presente trabajo se analiza la evolución del conocimiento ictiológico del mar de Galicia a lo largo de la historia mediante un enfoque interdisciplinario que integra información documentada procedente de fuentes de diversa naturaleza. El conocimiento ictiológico ha ido evolucionando con el modo de relacionarse del ser humano con el mundo natural. El estudio de las actividades relacionadas con los peces marinos como recurso alimentario y económico constituye la principal fuente de conocimiento a lo largo de la historia. A partir del siglo XVIII, la invención de la nomenclatura binomial da un nuevo impulso al interés científico, que trae consigo una aceleración del conocimiento ictiológico. Desde finales del siglo XX los progresos tecnológicos, tanto exploratorios como analíticos (taxonomía molecular), han permitido un mayor conocimiento de la ictiofauna de zonas profundas y la aplicación de la taxonomía integrativa, con el descubrimiento de nuevas relaciones taxonómicas. Numerosos ictiólogos nacionales y gallegos han contribuido a este conocimiento, con una importante aportación de los investigadores extranjeros, sobre todo franceses.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128150243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New relict localities of Pinus sylvestris L., 1753, in the Central-North of the Iberian Peninsula (Duero River Basin-Tierra de Pinares Segoviana, Spain)","authors":"Guillermo Calonge-Cano","doi":"10.29077/bol.2022.116.calonge","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.2022.116.calonge","url":null,"abstract":"This communication provides information on six new relict localities for the species Pinus sylvestris L. in the sandy plains of the southern Duero Basin (Tierra de Pinares Segoviana, central northern Iberian peninsula, where the climatic conditions depart from those proposed for this tree species of Euro-Siberian chorological-biogeographical character. The methodology consisted of field work aimed at recording detailed information on the structure, conservation status, and location of populations. The results have been organised in the form of short reports for each of the relict populations. We discuss on the relict character of P. sylvestris and its resistance to summer temperatures and aridity with positive dynamics in such ecotopes. We question the orophile character of the species in the Duero Basin and encourage for the inclusion of these relict populations in the European Natura 2000 Network. En este trabajo se aporta información sobre seis nuevas localizaciones relictas de la especie Pinus sylvestris L. en las llanuras arenosas del sur de la Cuenca del Duero (Tierra de Pinares Segoviana, centro Norte de la Península Ibérica), donde las condiciones climáticas distan de las propuestas para esta especie de carácter corologíco-biogeográfco eurosiberiano. La metodología ha consistido en trabajos de campo con obtención de información detallada “in situ”. Los resultados se han organizado en informes-ficha. La discusión aborda el carácter relicto de P. sylvestris y su resistencia a las temperaturas y la aridez estivales con dinámicas positivas de resiliencia en las “localizaciones” con clima Mediterraneo-frío como los mostradas en este trabajo. Se propone proteger estos relictos como nuevo hecho biogeográfico de valor ecológico expresión de gestión sostenible de la Naturaleza, poner en entredicho el carácter exclusivamente oróflo de la especie en la cuenca del Duero e incluirlos en La Red Natura 2000.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130821850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Huérmeces del Cerro (Guadalajara, central Spain): A didactic itinerary for the teaching of Geology in the field","authors":"F. Barroso-Barcenilla, M. Arias, Yael Díaz-cha, P. Gumiel, Senay Ozkaya de Juanas, M. Segura","doi":"10.29077/bol.115.v01.barroso","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.115.v01.barroso","url":null,"abstract":"The accessibility and diversity of the natural environment of Huérmeces del Cerro, located north of the Guadalajara province (central Spain), allows teaching in the field different Natural Sciences, including Geology, being able to address many diverse aspects of this discipline in the same area (stratigraphy, paleontology, tectonics…). For this reason, a didactic itinerary is proposed here, mainly oriented to complement and integrate the conceptual, procedural and attitudinal contents seen in the theoretical classes with the reality imposed by field geology and its processes. This itinerary has been designed to be carried out as a full day fieldtrip (about 5-6 hours). It allows to recognize, along 10 geological stops, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic materials (basically Paleogene and Quaternary), fossils (mainly marine invertebrates from the Cretaceous, and remains of continental vertebrates from the Eocene-Oligocene), as well as tectonic structures (folds, thrusts, faults…) mainly related to the Alpine Orogeny, along with other aspects related to Geology. La accesibilidad y diversidad del entorno natural de Huérmeces del Cerro, situado en el norte de la provincia de Guadalajara (centro de España), permite la enseñanza en campo de distintas Ciencias Naturales, entre ellas la Geología, pudiendo abordarse en el mismo espacio aspectos muy diversos de esta disciplina (estratigrafía, paleontología, tectónica…). Por ello, se propone aquí un itinerario didáctico, orientado fundamentalmente a complementar e integrar los contenidos conceptuales, procedimentales y actitudinales mostrados en las clases teóricas con la realidad que impone la geología de campo y sus procesos. Este itinerario ha sido diseñado para realizarse como una salida de día completo (con unas 5-6 h de duración).Permite reconocer, a lo largo de 10 paradas, materiales paleozoicos, mesozoicos y cenozoicos (básicamente paleógenos y cuaternarios), fósiles (fundamentalmente invertebrados marinos del Cretácico, y restos de vertebrados continentales del Eoceno-Oligoceno), así como estructuras tectónicas (pliegues, cabalgamientos, fallas…) principalmente relacionadas con la Orogenia Alpina, tratando paralelamente otros aspectos relacionados con la Geología.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128314746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Space use, distribution and conservation of the spanish pond turtle (Mauremys leprosa Schewigger, 1812). A review (Chordata, Geoemydidae)\"","authors":"Mario Alberto Toledo, A. de la Concha, J. Rubio","doi":"10.29077/bol.115.e01.toledo","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.115.e01.toledo","url":null,"abstract":"\"The Spanish pond turtle (Mauremys leprosa Schweigger, 1812) is an ibero-magrebian species; some scarce populations are found in south France, and small introduced populations in Italy and Balearic Islands. In general terms, the species shows important population decline in many areas, albeit an increment has been reported in northeastern Spain, and is relatively abundant in northern Africa. Although the knowledge on its geographical distribution has increased, especially during the last years, we can still find knowledge gaps and controversial aspects on its relationships with the environment. The aim of this work was to update the knowledge of the space use by the Spanish pond turtle at general, regional and local level, and contribute to the bases of future research and management recommendations. According to the available knowledge, the species shows preference for deep-water bodies, with high vegetation covers, rocky beds, high solar radiation and sloping banks. It has suffered high stress by habitat alterations. In Portugal, the species is more abundant in the southern half of the country. In Spain, it tends to be absent or relict in some central and northwestern zones. The French populations are small and isolated. In Africa, it is cited in the Maghreb. The species is protected in Europe, and included as Vulnerable in the Red List of European Reptiles. In Africa, it is relatively protected only in Algeria and Morocco. The revision shows a fast-growing knowledge in the last years, though with important gaps, and the need of new studies and conservation measures, to prevent the population decline and provide effective protection for the Spanish pond turtle and its habitat.\" \"El galápago leproso (Mauremys leprosa Schweigger, 1812) es un elemento ibero-magrebí, salvo por escasas poblaciones en Francia, e introducciones en Italia y las Islas Baleares. Muestra un importante declive poblacional en muchas zonas, si bien ha mostrado incremento poblacional en el noreste español, y se considera relativamente abundante en el norte de África. Aunque el conocimiento sobre su distribución y selección del hábitat ha ido aumentado, especialmente en los últimos años, se aprecian lagunas en la distribución y aspectos discutibles sobre su relación con el medio. El objetivo de este trabajo es la actualización bibliográfica del conocimiento del uso del espacio del galápago leproso a nivel general, regional y local, contribuyendo a las bases de futuras investigaciones y recomendaciones de gestión. De acuerdo con el conocimiento disponible, la especie muestra preferencia por cuerpos de agua profundos con elevada cobertura vegetal, lecho rocoso, alta radiación solar y orillas inclinadas. Ha estado sometida a una gran presión por alteración del hábitat. En Portugal, se concentra en la mitad meridional, mientras que, en España tiende a estar ausente o relicta en algunas áreas centrales y noroccidentales. En Francia las poblaciones son muy escasas y aisladas. En Áfr","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114617923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of odonata assemblages in lotic and lentic systems in the Sanabria glacial lake complex in Sierra Segundera (NW Spain). Diversity and biogeographical analysis","authors":"J. Morales","doi":"10.29077/bol.2022.116.morales","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.2022.116.morales","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the community of odonates on the southern watershed of the Sierra Segundera glacial lake complex, from the valley area (Tera river and Sanabria lake, 1000 m.a.s.l.) to the high mountain lakes and peat bogs (>1500 m.a.s.l.). The maximum richness was detected at the source of the River Tera from the lake, while on the east coast and part of the south coast there are no odonata populations or breeding and emergence habitats; this is due to the tourist pressures on the shoreline. Eighteen taxa were found to reproduce in the lake, including the endangered species Macromia splendens. Only Sympetrum flaveolum, Aeshna juncea and Enallagma cyathigerum were located exclusively at altitude mountain range. The specific turnover among ecosystems is from 30 to 14, in a 700 m gradient from the valley to the lake complex. Adults were captured in flight between weeks 18 and 44 of the calendar year. The circum-mediterranean biogeographical component dominates with species of mediterranean-western, franc-iberian and ibero-maghreb distribution, but with euro-siberian, holarctic and palaearctic species distribution; and all the holarctic chorotype species Known in Spain were recorded. No African migratory dragonflies in meridional drift were found in the three summers sampled. Se estudió la comunidad de odonatos en el complejo lacustre glaciar de la vertiente meridional de Sierra Segundera, desde el valle (río Tera y lago de Sanabria, 1000 m.s.n.m.) hasta las lagunas y turberas de alta montaña (>1500 m.s.n.m.). La riqueza máxima se detectó en la salida del río Tera desde el lago, mientras que en el litoral este y parte del sur del mismo no existen poblaciones de odonatos ni hábitats de reproducción y emergencia debido a las presiones turísticas sobre el litoral y la ribera. Se comprobó la reproducción de 18 taxones en el lago, incluyendo la especie amenazada Macromia splendens. Únicamente Sympetrum flaveolum, Aeshna juncea y Enallagma cyathigerum se localizaron con exclusividad en la montaña. Se capturaron adultos en vuelo entre las semanas 18 y 44 del año natural. El recambio específico entre ecosistemas es de 30 a 14, en un gradiente de 700 m desde el valle al complejo lacustre. Domina el componente biogeográfco circunmediterráneo con especies de distribución mediterráneo-occidental, franco-ibérica e ibero-magrebí, con especies eurosiberianas y de distribución holártica o paleártica; y se hallaron todas las especies de corotipo holártico conocidas en España. No se encontraron libélulas africanas migradoras en deriva meridional en ninguno de los tres veranos muestreados.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"27 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128227977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First catalog of invertebrates inhabitants of the Mediterranean small islands near the Almería coast (Almería, Spain) (Eumetazoa, Arthropoda and Mollusca)","authors":"Miguel Ángel Gómez de Dios, A. Tinaut, M. I. Saloña-Bordas, J. Delgado, J. Arbea, G. Baechli, J. Baixeras, I. Balanzategui, P. Barranco, A. Baz, Alejandro Castro-Tovar, Milos Cerní, M. Carles-Tolrá, David Cabanillas, Agustín Estrada Peña, Vicente Falcó, M. Gaju-Ricart, Purifcación Gamarra, Lluc García Socias, P. Langton, J. L. Lencina, X. Mengual, Rafael Molero Baltanás, E. Nartshuk, C. Navarro, R. Obregón, R. Outerelo, N. Pérez Hidalgo, Borja Rodríguez, Luis Tolosa, Johanna A. van Erkelens","doi":"10.29077/bol.2022.116.gomez","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.2022.116.gomez","url":null,"abstract":"First faunistic results of a collaborative study about the terrestrial invertebrates present in three small islands near the coast of the province of Almeria (Spain) are presented. A total of 385 individuals were captured (373 arthropods and 12 mollusks). From these samplings 118 different species have been identified and three others are under study. Our results provide new insight into the invertebrate diversity of these small islands. Of special interest is the finding of several rare species which could represents new taxa for science, namely a chloropid in the genus Conioscinella and a braconid of the subfamily Microgastrinae. Several new reports are also relevant, specially the first European record of the phoretic mite Hypoaspis phyllognathi. With respect to Andalusia, we provide the first record of the encirtid Ericydnus aeneus. Referring to Almería province, we report for the first time the chilopod Algerophilus hispanicus, the springtails Hemisotoma pontica, Xenylla mediterranea and Anurida maritima, and the staflinids Aleochara bipustulata and Atheta pallidicornis. Taxa with morphological differences have been found with respect to their counterparts in the continental zone, and other rare species in the peninsular area, such as Tetragnatha intermedia or Cryptocephalus espanoli. Other records of interest about the dipteran fauna of these small islands, already published previously, are included as a comprehensive summary of the invertebrate fauna of the studied area. By islands, San Andrés and Terreros have presented the greatest variety in taxa, 61 and 60 respectively, while on Isla Negra, only 22 have been recorded. Se presentan los primeros resultados faunísticos del estudio colaborativo sobre los invertebrados terrestres presentes en tres pequeñas islas (isla de San Andrés, isla de Terreros e isla Negra) cercanas a la costa de la provincia de Almería (España). De un total de 385 individuos capturados (373 artrópodos y 12 moluscos, se han identificado entre 118 121 taxones diferentes, destacando la localización de varias especies raras que podrían representar nuevos taxones para la ciencia, un clorópido del género Conioscinella y un bracónido de la subfamilia Microgastrinae. Resultan de interés varios registros nuevos, como la primera cita europea del ácaro forético Hypoaspis phyllognathi. Respecto a Andalucía, aportamos el primer registro del encírtido Ericydnus aeneus, y referente a la provincia de Almería, el quilópodo Algerophilus hispanicus, los colémbolos Hemisotoma pontica, Xenylla mediterranea y Anurida maritima, y los estaflínidos Aleochara bipustulata y Atheta pallidicornis. Se han encontrado taxones con diferencias morfológicas respecto a sus homólogos de la zona continental, y otras especies raras en el ámbito peninsular, como Tetragnatha intermedia o Cryptocephalus espanoli. Se incluyen otros registros de interés sobre la fauna de dípteros de estas pequeñas islas, ya publicados con anterioridad, a modo de resumen integ","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114962172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The toponyms of the Atlantic islands from the Community of Portuguese Speaking Counties (CPLP) in the history of Palaeontology","authors":"R. Rocha, P. Callapez, J. Kullberg, P. Caetano","doi":"10.29077/bol.115.ce02.rocha","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.115.ce02.rocha","url":null,"abstract":"\"The use of local toponyms is common practice in the scientific description of new species. In a historical perspective of palaeontological taxonomy, this use of toponyms substantially enriches the existing nomenclature and allows for a more effective geographical contextualization. Since the mid-XIX century, many naturalists have visited the Azores, Madeira and Cape Verde islands in order to describe their recent and fossil floras and faunas, often using the local toponymy. This resulted, most importantly, in the description of more than sixty new taxa of Lower Cretaceous to Holocene invertebrate fossils (or “subfossils”), in addition to four plants, one cocolithophorid and one ichnofossil, using toponyms from the CPLP (Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries) Atlantic islands of Macaronesia. The most used were Porto Santo (Madeira) (9), Madeira (6), Azores (6), Santa Maria (Azores) (5) and Cape Verde (6), but others exist linked to local designations, such as settlements and geoforms. Given that many other toponyms have also been used for recent species from the same archipelagos, including São Tomé and Príncipe, and that many palaeontological associations preserved in deposits from these islands require more in-depth studies, it is foreseeable that part of these taxa may still be found in new sites, enriching the present list. It is also interesting to note that some of the adopted names do not fully comply with the rules of the ICZN (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature), meaning that a future review is essential.\" \"O recurso a topónimos locais é de uso frequente na descrição científica de novas espécies. Numa perspetiva histórica da taxonomia paleontológica, estes enriquecem substancialmente a nomenclatura existente e permitem contextualizações geográficas mais efetivas. Desde meados do século XIX, os Açores, Madeira e Cabo Verde foram visitados por muitos naturalistas, os quais descreveram floras e faunas atuais e fósseis, usando frequentemente a toponímia local. Daí resultou, sobretudo, a descrição de mais de 60 novos táxones de invertebrados fósseis (ou “subfósseis”) do Cretácico Inferior ao Holocénico, para além de quatro vegetais, um cocolitoforídeo e um icnofóssíl, a partir de topónimos das ilhas atlânticas da Macaronésia da CPLP (Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa). Os mais utilizados foram Porto Santo (Madeira) (9), Madeira (6), Açores (6), Santa Maria (Açores) (5) e Cabo Verde (6), mas outros existem ligados a designações locais, como povoações e geoformas. Dado que muitos outros topónimos também têm servido para espécies atuais dos mesmos arquipélagos, incluindo São Tomé e Príncipe, e que as associações paleontológicas dos depósitos destas ilhas ainda carecem, em grande medida, de estudos aprofundados, é natural que parte destes táxones ainda venham a ser encontrados em novas jazidas, enriquecendo a presente lista. É interessante notar, também, que alguns dos nomes adotados não cumprem as regras do ICNZ (Interna","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"12 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133960798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geological cross-section through the Garhwall Himalaya, NW India","authors":"J. Flinch, A. Olaiz, P. Painuly, R. Rocca, Virginia Alonso de Linaje, Begoña Amigo, Monica Armellini, Maria del Puy Berrío, Angel Carrasco, Pablo Hernández, M. R. Lakshmikantha, Alia Ponz, Deepa Singh","doi":"10.29077/bol.115.v02.flinch","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol.115.v02.flinch","url":null,"abstract":"In early October 2018, a group of oil exploration geologists carried out a geological expedition through the Himalayas, in the Garhwall region, near the Indian state of Uttarakhand. The objective of this paper is to describe a regional geological cross section, from the Gangetic plain to the High Himalayan mountains of the Nanda Devi National Park in the border with Tíbet, today part of China. Close to the city of Dehradun the Main Boundary Thrust is croping out, it represents a major contact between Neo-Proterozoic schists and Eocene gravels of the Siwalik unit, the molasses type deposits that record the flexure of the Indian Plate. Further north is located the Lesser Himalaya, made up by imbricates of Neoproterozoic limestones, quartzites and metabasites of the Krol Group, all exposed along the Ganges river Valley, where the Tons Thrust can be observed. Further north, in the Helang area, the Main Central Thrust acts as a major crustal detachment. In this paper the structure associated to this wide kilometric scale contractional shear zone is described. In fact, two major thrusts define these deformation zones the lower Munsiari Thrust and the upper Vaikrita Thrust that bring mid crustal rocks in contact with upper crustal units of the Lesser Himalayan Sequence. The high strain area is defined by C-S fabrics, mylonites and penetrative isoclinal folding. Moving north some extensional structures, extensional shear zones and normal faults are observed. Further north, near the small village of Malari, close to the Tíbetan border a major extensional detachment knows as the South Tíbetan Detachment (STD), puts into contact high grade metamorphic rocks mostly migmatitesintruded by tourmaline-rich leucogranites of the Higher Himalayan crystallines with low grade to non-metamorphic Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic units of the Tethys Himalayan sequences. Integration of new collected field data with previous works may suggest that during Early Miocene time thrusting along the MCT is coeval with extension through the STD, afterwards the contractional activity continues in the MCT while ductile extensional shear in the STD ceases at Middle Miocene time, syn-orogenic extensional collapse is from that time onwards assume by fragile normal faults. A principios de octubre de 2018, un grupo de geólogos de exploración petrolera realizó una expedición geológica por el Himalaya, en la denominada región de Garhwall, en el estado indio de Uttarakhand. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir e integrar una sección transversal geológica regional, desde la llanura del Ganges hasta las montañas del Alto Himalaya del Parque Nacional del Nanda Devi en la frontera con el Tíbet, hoy parte de China. Cerca de la ciudad de Dehradun se realizó la observación del denominado Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) o Cabalgamiento principal limítrofe, un importante contacto entre esquistos neoproterozoicos y conglomerados eocenos de la unidad Siwalik, los depósitos de tipo molasa que registran la ","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"341 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123527617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}