Annals of International Medical and Dental Research最新文献

{"title":"A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Effects of Oral Alkali Therapy in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease","authors":"Anand B. Jain, Rajesh Kumar, Mehak Singla, Dibyajyoti Kalita, R. Mathur","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To analyze the effects of oral alkali therapy on renal function, nutritional status and bone density in patients of diabetic kidney disease. Material & Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 patients of age>18 years with diabetic kidney disease who were not on dialysis and had plasma bicarbonate levels between 16 and 20 mmol/l. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Test group (n=30) which received oral alkali therapy as sodium bicarbonate and control group (n=30) who did not receive oral alkali therapy. The patients were followed for 12 months to compare the improvement. Results: In comparison to controls, test group showed a significant improvement in the Hb (0.7 vs. 0.25, P =0.003), significantly less decrease in eGFR (-2.25 vs. -2.9, P=0.049), non-significant less increase in creatinine (-0.26 ± 0.4 vs. -0.43 ± 0.33, P=0.09), significant improvement in bicarbonate levels (7.5 vs. 1, p<0.0001), significant restoration of albumin (0.32 vs. 0.05, P<.0001), significant fall in iPTH levels (50 vs. 25, p=0.007) and ALP levels (32 vs. 12, p=0.015). Bone density (0.28 ± 0.17 vs. 0.01 ± 0.13, P<.0001) and clinical well-being VAS scores improved significantly among the cases (9.83 ± 5.65 vs. -1.67 ± 7.11, P<.0001). Conclusion: In conclusion, oral alkali therapy slows the rate of decline of renal function and the development of end stage renal disease in patients with advanced stages of CKD. This cheap and simple strategy, which is in line with current renal consensus documents, also improves the nutritional status of patients and bone density.","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117112454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypothyroidism Among Diabetic Pregnancy and its Effect on Maternal and Fetal Outcome","authors":"F. Sharmin, N. Rahman, Pilu Momotaz","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetic Pregnant women with hypothyroidism are associated with adverse obstetric outcome with various maternal and fetal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate hypothyroidism in diabetic pregnancy and its effect on maternal and fetal outcome. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women & Children Hospital, NHN, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period from 13th February 2020 to 9th December 2021. Total 120 pregnant women with diabetes were included in this study. All patients were divided into two groups which include- Group A: 60 pregnant women with diabetes and Group B: 60 pregnant women with diabetes and hypothyroidism. Results: Mean age was 29.3 years (SD±4.9 years) in group A and 29.9 years (SD±6.1 years) in group B. Mean TSH was 2.2 μIU/ml (SD±1.7 μIU/ml) and in group A and 4.4 μIU/ml (SD±3.0 μIU/ml) in group B. Mean TSH was higher in group B than group A with statistically significantly difference (p< 0.0001). Most of the pregnant women had lower uterine cesarean section in both group A (51.7%) and in group B (68.3%) with statistically significant difference (p=0.0409) between the groups. The commonest maternal complication was fetal distress in both group A (13.3%) and in group B (16.7%). Most of the neonates had normal weight in both group A (83.3%) and group B (78.3%). Majority of the neonates had normal Apgar score in one minute in both group A (50%) and group B (58.3%). The Apgar score in 5 minutes was also normal in most of the neonates of both group A (71.7%) and group B (78.3%). The neonatal mortality rate in group B was 1.7%. The commonest fetal complication was low birth weight in both group A (16.7%) and in group B (21.7%). There was no statistically significant (>0.05) difference among both groups in neonate’s outcome. Conclusion: Fetal distress and preeclampsia are most common complication in diabetic pregnant women with hypothyroidism. For neonates, low birth weight, hypothyroidism and respiratory distress are commonly seen. There is higher death rate of neonates in diabetic pregnant women with hypothyroidism. Majority of the pregnant women needed lower uterine cesarean section for the complications.","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"383 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116482523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors and Clinical Features of Post Dural Puncture Headache (PDPH): A Prospective Study","authors":"Jakaria Kabir, Ummay Sufia Akther, L. Ali, Md. Abdul Alim Shaikh, Ayesha Nasrin, Naima Nasreen, Md. Taihidur Rahman","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126705689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different Types of ‘Background’ of Illustration-based PowerPoint Slides: Anatomy Teachers’ Preferences and Perceived Influence on Learning","authors":"Shafinaz Gazi, K. Shamim","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Teachers are often in dilemma on how to use illustrations effectively in teaching Anatomy using multimedia (for e.g., PowerPoint) slides. ‘Background’ is an important element for creating illustration-based PowerPoint slides but is often overlooked when designing such slides. Some general guidelines on the PowerPoint slide background for presenting textual materials are available, but guidelines on the background for presenting illustrations in PowerPoint slides are almost nil. This descriptive type of observational study was part of a broader research that was designed to assess the preferences of Bangladeshi Anatomy teachers towards different types of background of illustration-based PowerPoint slides and their perceived influence on learning.Material & Methods:A survey was conducted among 39 Anatomy teachers from Bangladesh. Seven PowerPoint slides with one same pair of Neuroanatomy illustrations but seven different types of background dealing with the following characteristics were shown to them to collect their preferences and perceived influence on learning: White/Light-coloured homogeneous/Dark-coloured homogeneous; Slightly decorated/Heavily decorated; Related to subject/Not related to subject. Resultsand Conclusion:The survey revealed that most of the participants preferred either light-coloured homogeneous background (around 64%) or white background (around 60%). The least preferred (about 18%) one was the heavily decorated background not related to the subject. Some interesting trends of preference were also observed, including those related to male and female teachers as well as to their length of experience. In most Anatomy teachers’ perceptions, learning would be influenced by using their preferred ‘backgrounds’. Although the results of the present study reveal some insight into the preferences of Anatomy teachers and their perceived influence of different illustration-based PowerPoint slide ‘backgrounds’ on learning, further studies are recommended on larger samples focusing on more specific issues of PowerPoint slide backgrounds before making any conclusive comments on these issues.","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127089417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scapulothoracic Bursitis or the Snapping Scapula Syndrome May Mimic with Shoulder Pain","authors":"Md Anamul Haque, S. Kundu","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The scapulothorasic joint plays an important role in overall shoulder function by providing a stable base for glenohumeral rotation. Snapping scapula syndrome, a likely under diagnosed condition, can produce significant shoulder dysfunction in many patients. Because the precise origin is difficult to understand, sometimes mimic with shoulder pain. Dysfunctioning of any of muscles, ligament, bursa may cause abnormal scapular motion and predispose to scapulothoracic joint disorders. Accurate recognition of the syndrome may lead to prompt and long-term relief of symptoms by conservative or noninvesiveintervension treatment.Results:The causes of scapulothoracic bursitis and crepitus include direct or indirect trauma, overuse syndromes, glenohumeral joint dysfunction, boney abnormalities, muscle microtrauma or atrophy or fibrosis, and idiopathic causes. Scapulothoracic bursitis and crepitus remain primarily clinical diagnoses. However, imaging studies or local injections may also be helpful. The initial treatment of scapulothoracic bursitis and scapulothoracic crepitus should be conservative. Intevension procedure is best for treating modalitis for scapulothoracic dysfunction, most reports have demonstrated well to excellent outcomes in a significantly high percentage of patients.Conclusions:Clearly, the best initial approach to these conditions is a conservative treatment like nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs plan that combines scapular strengthening, postural reeducation, and core strength endurance. If an appropriate trial of nonoperative management proves unsuccessful, local non invesiveintervension can produce good results.","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127575311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Low Dose, Short Course Eltrombopag in Management of DF and DHF","authors":"Md. Mobinur Rahman, Mizanur Rahman, Salina Akhtar, K. Nahar, Abul Fattah","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dengue is the most widespread aedes mosquito borne viral disease which infects more than 50 million people every year. The clinical symptoms of dengue may vary from mild fever to life-threatening incidents. Eltrombopag, a non-peptide, oral TPO-R agonist, small molecular weight is quandaries with the transmembrane domain of a TPO receptor and persuades the Janus Kinase/Signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway, with a significant rise in platelet production.Material & Methods:This study was a cross-sectional observational study which was conducted at Tairunnesa Memorial Medical College and Hospital (TMMCH), Gazipur and Shin Shin Japan Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka. The study was conducted in between July 2021- December 2021. The sample size for this study was 100.Results:The mean age in group 1 was 25±7, in group 2 29±8 and in control group 29±7. The mean Baseline PLT * 109 /L for group 1 was 57±23, for group 2, 51±28 and for control group 54±29. Mean of systolic baseline BP (mmHg) for group 1 was 103.55± 5.04 for group 2 was 105.38±18.34 and for control group was 101.97±8.28 and followed by the mean of diastolic baseline BP (mmHg) was 72.83±6.56, 72.84±12.93 and 71.97±4.75. AEs was found in 4(12.1%) cases of group 1 where in group 2 it was 2(5.9%) and in control group was 3(9.1%). In day 7, the recovery rate of group 1 was 93.9% and in group 2 the recovery rate was 94.1%.Conclusions:Dengue is a vector-borne viral disease which needs medical assistance because it may lead to life-threatening outcome. Eltrombopag can be considered as a therapeutic option to increase the PLT counts in DF and DHF patients in the management of thrombocytopenia.","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122106658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of External Ventricular Drainage (EVD) in Treating Spontaneous Intraventricular Haemorrhage","authors":"Md. Mahfuzur Rahman, Md. Shamiul Alam Siddique, Md Shafiqul Islam, A. Sarker, Sukriti Das, Fazle Elahy, M. Z. Rahman","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is no consensus in the literature on the effects of the development of hydrocephalus on survival and disability after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and the benefits of external ventricular drainage (EVD). This study is planned to describe the role of external ventricular drainage in treating patients of spontaneous, either primary or secondary, intraventricular haemorrhage with hydrocephalus.Material & Methods:A hospital based prospective interventional study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, which is a tertiary level hospital, from April 2016 to September 2017.Total 42 patients of spontaneous intraventricular haemorrhage, either primary or secondary, with hydrocephalus were selected for this study. All the collected data were entered into IBM SPSS software, Version 24. For statistical analysis, paired t-test to compare the preoperative GCS with postoperative GCS at 24 hours was done.Results:Among 42 patients, age range was 26-75 years with the mean age 65.2 ± 10.87 years. Male were 26 (61.9%) and female were 16 (38.1%). Male-Female ratio was 1.625:1. No patient needed conversion of EVD into VP shunt. EVD drain became blocked in 5 cases which were managed accordingly. 5 patients developed ventriculitis among which 2 patients died and rest 3 improved with antibiotics.Conclusions:The results of present study shows that EVD has a good role in the treatment of spontaneous IVH with hydrocephalus when ICH volume is low (<30ml) and modified Graeb Score is low (≤10 found in this in this study. Preoperative higher GCS or initial improvement in GCS or initial improvement in GCS at 24 hours positively correlates with Glasgow outcome scale which is an indication of good function outcome.","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116162052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deaths Due to Road Traffic Injuries- A Forensic Autopsy Study","authors":"J. Singh, Kuldip Kumar, J. Singh, Merry Pal Kaur Chawla","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Injuries due to road traffic injuries (RTIs) depend upon various factors that include human, vehicle and environmental factors that plays a vital role before, during and after a fatal vehicular accident. Road traffic injuries involve high human suffering and monetary costs in terms of ultimately deaths, injuries and loss of potential income. Aims and Objective: The aims and objective of study was to study the incidence of death due to road traffic injuries, demographic profile including various contributary factors of victims and vehicles and to analyse the magnitude of deaths.Material & Methods:The present retrospective and cross sectional study was conducted in Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Department, Government Medical College, Amritsar. All the autopsies conducted on road traffic injuries victims during the period from Jan, 2016 to Dec, 2020 were studied. Results:Majority of cases taken up for study were males (80%) followed by females (20%), majority cases belonged to the age group of 21 -30 years (34.72%). The majority of cases (70.61 %)that met with road traffic injury happened at evening time period. Head injury was the cause of death in 42.45% cases followed by 33.88% cases having multiple injuries.Conclusions:Motorization though has enhanced the lives in this era but that has come up with some price. High priority is demanded towards the alarming rate of human loss due to RTIs. Awareness at every level including the strict formation of policies that would prevent such RTIs in future.","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134408236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Cases of Congenital Obstructive Uropathy in Children","authors":"Harshindar Kaur, Sukhmani Kaur, Sanjana Saholi, Pehal Goyal","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim is to assess cases of congenital obstructive uropathy in children.Material & Methods:Sixty- five children in age ranged 5-12 years of either gender with congenital obstructive uropathy were recruited for the study. In all cases, ultrasonography was done in all cases. Growth of the child was monitored and height standard deviation score (Ht-SDS) was calculated annually. Glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m2) was calculated.Results:Out of 65 patients, males were 40 and females were 25. Etiology found to be ureteropelvic junction obstruction (PUJO) in 12, posterior urethral valve (PUV) in 14, PUJO + PUV in 30 and obstructive megaureter in 9 cases. Symptoms were fever in 34, pain abdomen in 20, burning micturition in 45, poor urinary stream in 21 and flank pain in 15 cases. Treatment given was pyeloplasty in 14, nephrectomy in 20, PUV fulguration in 11, ureterocele decompression in 12 and ureteric reimplantation in 8 cases.Conclusions:Most common etiologies for congenital obstructive uropathy in children were congenital uretero-pelvic junction obstruction and posterior urethral valve. Male preponderance was seen with burning micturition.","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129570501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Diabetic Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh","authors":"M. Hoshen, Ajm Emrul Kayesh, Masum Ahmed, A. Hossain","doi":"10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For nearly two centuries, pneumonia has been recognized as a frequent and sometimes fatal illness. Community-acquired pneumonia and diabetes mellitus are frequently associated, and this relationship bears the burden of both diseases. Objective: The present study was conducted to access the Prevalence of community acquired pneumonia in diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.Material & Methods:This study was conducted among 110 controlled diabetic and 70 uncontrolled diabetic patients who were admitted to the Department of Medicine of Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital in the period between January 2021 and June 2021. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 25.0.Results:In this study of 110 controlled diabetic patients, 45% were men and 55 % were women. There were 57 % males and 43 % females among 70 uncontrolled diabetic patients. Controlled diabetic patients were 52% older than 60 years old, while uncontrolled diabetic patients were roughly 50 %older than 60 years old. . CAP associated with uncontrolled DM cases showed significantly more fever, RBS, ESR, pleural effusion and hospitalization days. There was no significant difference between controlled diabetic and uncontrolled diabetic CAP patients regarding cough, fever, chest pain, and pulse. The prevalence of CAP among 70 uncontrolled patients was 48% and among controlled diabetic patients was 45%.Conclusions:Specific care for diabetes patients with community-acquired pneumonia, as well as close monitoring for its control, will result in a reduction in infection exposure and, if any infection occurs, will a milder infection.","PeriodicalId":284999,"journal":{"name":"Annals of International Medical and Dental Research","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114289351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}