American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering最新文献

{"title":"A Fast, Simple and Low-cost DNA Extraction Protocol from Common Ants and Beetles for Multiple Molecular Applications","authors":"Jiaying Wang, Junxia Cui, Liu Li, Yuanjing Wang, Yan Shuyi, Xianfeng Chen","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20241203.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20241203.12","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of molecular biology tools in insect systematics, invasion research, evolutionary ecology and biodiversity analysis has led to faster and greater progress in understanding insect behavior and biology. Efficient DNA extraction is the foremost step and serves as the vital foundation. Several rapid DNA extraction methods have been established, which are often time-consuming and labour-intensive. Here, a simple, fast, low-cost DNA extraction protocol for common insect samples was developed basing on 28 specimens of 16 insect species (7 ants, 9 bark and ambrosia beetles). The new protocol was shown to be feasible and highly efficient by comparison with commercial kit in terms of DNA yield, purity and PCR sensitivity. The concentration of DNA through the new rapid method was higher than that through commercial kit, whether in ant or beetle samples. A better quality of DNA extracted via kit was indicated by A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ mostly ranging from 1.80 to 2.00. There was little difference between DNA extracted from adult and nymphal insects. PCR sensitivity of extracted DNA using both protocols was comparable. For nested PCR, amplification after two rounds yielded a bright signal using template DNA through both methods. But for PCR using primers of LCO1490 and HCO2198, the success ratio was lower (85.18%). Through BLAST, these amplicons were matched to related data with high identity. By combining this protocol with variable analysis platforms such as common PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, and high throughput sequencing, it could assist insect diagnostics, biological surveys and invasion researches.\u0000","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":"124 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Productive Tillers on Seed Yield and Seed Quality of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor L</i>.) Varieties in Assosa District, Western Ethiopia","authors":"Fekede Ayana, Mosisa Tolosa","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20241203.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20241203.11","url":null,"abstract":"Poor management of sorghum tillers is a significant problem in the Benishangul-Gumuz region of Ethiopia, affecting seed yield and quality. An experiment was conducted to determine the impact of sorghum productive tillers on seed yield and quality. The study involved two Sorghum varieties (Assosa-1 and Adukara) and three plant types per spot. The treatments were aligned as RCBD and CRD in factorial combination, replicated three and four times for field and laboratory experiments respectively. Varieties influenced TSW (P < 0.0001), Number of tiller influenced by number plants head matured for seed production (P ≤ 0.0001), plants height (P ≤ 0.0004), The interaction effects of varieties and number of tillers per plant influenced yields, Panicle length (P < 0.0001). For laboratory experiments varieties influenced Speed of germination (P < 0.0001), number of Dead seeds (P < 0.0001). Number of tiller influenced Speed of germination (P < 0.0001), number of Dead seeds, shoot length (P < 0.004), Vigor index one and Vigor index two (P≤0.05). The interaction effects of varieties and number of tillers per plant influenced Standard germination (P < 0.001). The main shoot plants had the highest number of fertile sorghum heads (86.5), followed by primary tillers (27.08). Secondary tillers had the highest plant height (96.52 cm). The main shoot plant yielded more seeds than primary and secondary tillers, with the shoot exceeding these yields by 302.96% and 1333%, respectively. Primary and secondary tillers had higher percentages of dead seeds than the main shoot plant, 53.5% and 45.2%, respectively. The primary and secondary tillers experienced a decline in seedling vigour index one over different periods, while the main sorghum plant varieties, Adukara and Assosa-1, showed an upward trend. The germination percentages of the primary and secondary tillers were less than the 85% Ethiopian seed standard requirement. Because sorghum tillers lower seed quality, they should be eliminated for seed production. If sorghum is grown for grain production, secondary tillers have the benefit of raising overall yield production.\u0000","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":" 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Evaluation and Adaptability Study of Fodder Beet (<i>Beta vulgaris L</i>.) Cultivars in Highlands of Bale Zone South East Ethiopia","authors":"Wubshet Tesfaye, Gemechis Lencho, T. Wegi, A. Kedu","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20241202.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20241202.12","url":null,"abstract":"Shortage animal feed interims of quality and quantity is the major bottle neck in livestock production through the year in Ethiopia particularly in the highlands of Bale Zone. A study was conducted at Sinana Agricultural Research Center (SARC), South East Ethiopia for three consecutive cropping season (2020/21, 2021/22 and 2022/23) in two locations (Sinana on station and Agarfa subsite) to evaluate the adaptability of four Cultivars of Fodder beet (namely Bircks, Kulumsa, Magnum and Robbos). Experimental plots were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. All cultivars were performed well. However, there is significant variation among the Cultivars. The combined result over locations over years indicated that, Kulumsa cultivars gives the highest shoot fresh biomass yield (41.88 t ha^-1), root fresh biomass yield (86.49 t ha^-1) and shoot Dry biomass yield (4.52 t ha^-1). The remaining cultivars have not statistically significant different. Based on the results of this study, it is concluded that the Fodder beet Kulumsa cultivars was found a promising in terms of grain and biomass yield, than others that could be demonstrated and popularized as an alternative feed resources under smallholder conditions in the study areas and with similar climatic and edaphic conditions.","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a Microfluidic Chip Based Rapid Detection Method for <i>Wasmannia auropunctata</i>","authors":"Jiaying Wang, Liu Li, Yuanjing Wang, Junxia Cui","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20241201.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20241201.13","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive alien ants are one of the most aggressive, competitive, and widespread invasive alien species around the world. <i>Wasmannia auropunctata, </i>native to the neotropical zoogeographic area, has been inadvertently introduced all over the world. The first disclosed record of field establishment of <i>W. auropunctata</i> in Chinese mainland was reported in 2022. In this paper, we aim to establish a rapid detection method targeting the <i>W. auropunctata </i>polymorphic microsatellite locus Waur-275, based on the microfluidic chip technology, to contribute to an active response to the crisis caused by this invasive pest. Eight primer sets were generated using the PrimerExplorer v5 online service, and the fifth primer set selected had the lowest Ct in the volume ratio of 8 (FIP/BIP:F3/B3). Method validity with six <i>W. auropunctata </i>samples confirmed the efficiency of this assay. High specificity was demonstrated by the positive result for <i>W. auropunctata</i> out of 6 related insect samples tested. Sensitivity analysis showed that this microfluidic chip method could achieve the detection limit of 1.00×10¹ copies/μL. A rapid screening method is essential for the whole process of interception and control of <i>W. auropunctata </i>in China. It can also help determine the origin of invasion, clarify the path of introduction to ensure biosecurity, and also uncover other possible undetected establishments in the wild.","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":"17 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140445006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Morphological Traits in Common Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris </i>L.) Landraces Collected from Ethiopia at Jimma","authors":"Eyuel Mesera, S. Alamerew, Birhanu Amsalu, Garome Shifaraw","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20241201.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20241201.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":"108 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (<i>Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.</i>) and Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System","authors":"Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim, Daouda Insa Bani, A. Sanoussi","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128652900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate Analysis Among Soybean (Glycine max L.) Genotypes in Southwest Ethiopia","authors":"Masreshaw Yirga, Afework Legesse","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20231102.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231102.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139349564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Variability in Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Genotypes for Morphological Traits in Southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Masreshaw Yirga, Yechalew Sileshi","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20231102.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231102.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130152119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Effect of Geniopicroside","authors":"Zijia Liu, Yidong Tu, Tianbi Duan, Zhi-Ping Lv, R. Yin, Hongbo Zhang","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20231101.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231101.12","url":null,"abstract":": Skin acts as a barrier and is an important part of body immune system. External physical, biochemical and other stimuli might cause skin inflammation. Drugs and cosmetics have been developed for skin inflammation treatment. At present, the tests of skin inflammation are mainly conducted on animal and 2D cell models. The former might bring problems such as ethics and authenticity, while the latter cannot fully represent the complex micro-environment of the human body. Microfluidic based Organ-on- a-chips technology provides a new method for drug and cosmetic ingredient screening. Skin-on-a-chip (SOC) has been designed for constructing in vitro skin models. In this paper, a SOC was developed to culture skin-like models in vitro . We tested the differentiation of SOC cultured skin model","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115201080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified Atkins Diet Delayed the Onset of Epileptogenesis, Improved Motor Coordination and Enhanced Learning Memory in Mice","authors":"Maryam Adenike Salaudeen, Mohammed Garba Magaji, Abdulkadir Umar Zezi","doi":"10.11648/j.bio.20231101.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231101.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":284331,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127195591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}