Bulletin of KSAU最新文献

{"title":"ADAPTATION OF HUMULUS LUPULUS L. REGENERANTS TO EX VITRO CONDITIONS","authors":"Olga V. Bychkova, O. Mironenko, Anastasiya Nebylica, Yuliya Zhelonkina, E. Myakisheva","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-27-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-27-33","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to develop a scheme for two-stage adaptation of regenerated plants of common hop (Humulus lupulus L.) to ex vitro conditions using a hydroponic installation. Objectives: to study the influence of the method of fixing hop regenerants in a hydroponic system; to determine the duration of the adaptation stage in hydroponics; to select the substrate composition at the second stage of adaptation. The object was a sterile culture of common hop of three varieties: Tsivilsky, Flagman and Taurus, after completion of the in vitro rooting stage on a nutrient medium according to the Murashige-Skoog recipe (MS) containing glucose (20 g/l) and IBA (0.5 mg/l). The duration of the adaptation stage of hops rooted in vitro in a tidal-type hydroponic system was determined, identified by the stable maintenance of turgor by leaves and active growth of shoots – 18–21 days. The influence of the method of fixing hop regenerants in a hydroponic system was studied: the use of seedling cassettes with a substrate of perlite and vermiculite (1 : 1) showed a 25 % higher survival rate of plants compared to substrate-free cuvettes with liners made of polyethylene film. It was shown that under hydroponic installation conditions, regardless of the fixation method, the height of the shoots increased by 36.0–48.3 %. The root system of the samples adapted in cassettes with substrate was better developed and was characterized by a large number of 2nd order roots with a length of at least 4 cm. The subsequent stage of adaptation in most peat-containing substrates ensures 100 % survival and the production of high-quality planting material. Recommendations for growing hop planting material after two-stage adaptation are presented.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141661855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PINOT NOIR GRAPE VARIETY IN THE LOWER DON REGION CONDITIONS","authors":"V. Ganich, L. Naumova","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-34-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-34-41","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to analyze data obtained over two periods of studying the Pinot noir grape variety under the changing climate of Novocherkassk, Rostov Region. Research was carried out at the Don ampelographic collection named after Ya.I. Potapenko according to generally accepted methods in viticulture and GOST standards. Data were analyzed for two five-year observation periods: the first – 1981–1985 and the second – 2016–2020. The interval between periods was 30 years. The periods differed in the method of cultivation and planting pattern. In the first period, the variety was studied in its own root culture with a planting scheme of 2 × 1.5 m, in the second period the bush culture was grafted on the rootstock Berlandieri × Riparia Kober 5BB with a planting scheme of 3 × 1.5 m. During both periods, the variety was studied in a covered culture. Data on agrobiological indicators, productivity, crop condition, and tasting assessment of the wine are presented. The preservation of buds in the covering bank by period was 62.3 and 78.6 %, respectively. The excess of the Pinot noir variety in the second period in terms of average bunch weight was 55 g. The productivity of the shoot was 2.9 times, and the yield was 1.9 times higher than in the first period. The average sugar content in the 1st and 2nd periods was at the level of 21.7–23 g/100 cm3 with a titratable acidity of 8.1–7.8 g/dm3. A comparative analysis of the climatic conditions of the periods showed that in the summer months of the second period there were changes towards an increase in temperature and a decrease in the amount of precipitation. Climate change did not have a negative impact on economic and biological traits. The variety has increased: the percentage of blossom¬ming buds, fruitful shoots, average bunch weight, yield, sugar content in berry juice. The potential for producing wine with good organoleptic properties remains.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FALLOW LAND AND AGROCENOSIS DIAGNOSTICS BY REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH METHODS AND GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY","authors":"Yuriy Trubnikov, Aleksandr Dergunov, Konstantin Krasnoschekov, Anna Kuznecova","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-108-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-108-115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"29 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141659745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USE OF BUCKWHEAT IN BREAD RECIPE","authors":"E. Badamshina, S.A. Leonova, N.Sh. Nikulina","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-199-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-199-206","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to study the chemical composition of buckwheat varieties bred in the Republic of Bashkortostan and the influence of buckwheat flour on bread quality indicators. Objectives: to study the chemical composition of buckwheat varieties in the Republic of Bashkortostan, to identify varieties that have the highest nutritional value; to set parameters for soaking and germination of buckwheat grains; to carry out the selection of technological parameters for baking bread from composite flour (first grade wheat flour and buckwheat flour); to explore the quality indicators of bread. The study was carried out at the Department of Technology of Public Nutrition and Processing of Plant Raw Materials of the Fe¬deral State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education \"Bashkir State Agrarian University\" and in the analytical laboratory of the Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture UFITs RAS. The results of the chemical composition of buckwheat varieties Agidel, Zemlyachka, Ilishevskaya, Inzerskaya selection of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the 2019–2021 harvest, as well as the use of flour from sprouted buckwheat grains on the quality indicators of wheat bread are presented. Based on nutritional value, the buckwheat variety Inzerskaya was selected for the production of buckwheat flour for inclusion in the bread recipe. The physicochemical parameters of flour from sprouted buckwheat grain, as well as the content of flavonoids in buckwheat flour, were determined. Optimal parameters for germination of buckwheat grain have been identified, which prove an improvement in the physico-chemical parameters and antioxidant activity of the resulting flour, which confirms the need to use this flour in the bread recipe. The optimal content of flour from sprouted buckwheat grain as part of a composite mixture with first-grade wheat flour was identified, which was 10%, which improves the organoleptic and physicochemical properties of bread.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"80 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141662970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF BEE COLONIES WHEN USING STIMULATING FEEDINGS WITH THE ADDED PROBIOTIC","authors":"Vladimir Pleshkov","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-159-166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-159-166","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to study the effect of stimulating feedings of sugar syrup and Aquakorm with the addition of the probiotic Vetosporin on the growth and honey production of bee colonies. The studies were carried out in a stationary apiary located in the Kemerovo Region. The research material was bees of the Central Russian breed. To conduct the study, a total of 20 bee colonies were involved, of which two control and two experimental groups of 5 bee families each were formed. Bee colonies from the first control group received a stimulating feed additive in the form of sugar syrup; in the second control group, the drug Aquakorm was used as a stimulating additive. Families from the experimental groups, in addition to stimulating supplements, received the probiotic Vetosporin prepared on the basis of two strains of natural bacteria Bacillus subtilis. In the experimental groups, the difference in the growth of bee colonies between the first control and the first experimental group is 52.94 % (p < 0.001); the second control and the second experimental group – 28.57 % (p < 0.001). The honey productivity of families in the first and second expe¬rimental groups exceeded that of families from the control groups for honey production by 15.63 (p < 0.01) and 15.0 % (p < 0.05). Wax productivity in the first experimental group of bees exceeded the indicators of the first control group by 15.8 % (p < 0.05), in the second experimental group of bees – by 22.5 % (p < 0.05). The mortality of bees after wintering in the first and second experimental groups of bee colonies was lower than the same indicators in the control groups by 21.13 and 23.88 %, respectively. Additional profit received from the sale of honey from the first experimental group was 2,520.0 rubles, from the second experimental group – 3,240.0 rubles. The use of stimulating fertilizers in combination with a probiotic preparation has a positive effect on the biological and productive indicators of bee colonies.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"2 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BREEDING BULLS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF A BREEDING ENTERPRISE JSC KRASNOYARSKAGROPLEM","authors":"Firuz Mirvaliev, E. Chetvertakova","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-137-145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-137-145","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to study the growth and development of bulls in the conditions of JSC Krasnoyarskagroplem in the Krasnoyarsk Region. Objectives: to study changes in live weight, linear measurements and body composition indices during ontogenesis. The object of the study is bulls of the Holstein (red-motley) (n = 11) and red-motley (n = 4) breeds aged from one to five years. Study period: 2014–2019. Calculation of absolute growth, taking body measurements, and calculation of indices were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Holstein bulls at all age periods exceeded red-motley bulls in height at the withers and oblique length of the body. Bulls of the red-motley breed in chest width at one year of age exceeded Holstein sires by 3.25 %; at 1.6 years – by 13.8 (P > 0.95); in the \u00002-year period – by 14.1 (P > 0.999); in a 3-year-old – by 7.59; in a 4-year-old – by 6.1; in a 5-year-old – by 9.7 % and metacarpal girth: by 3.1; 2.4; 1.3; 4.5 % (P > 0.95), by 2.4 and 1.2 %, respectively. The variabi-lity of traits in bulls of the Holstein and red-motley breeds was characterized by a low degree at all age periods, which indicates the homogeneity of the population and high stability of exterior qualities. Calculation of indices characterizes red-motley bulls as compact with a low-set body, having a long body and a deeper chest. Holstein bulls have higher legs. Red-mottled breed and Holstein bulls have a pronounced milk type.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AGROCHEMICAL STATE OF THE CHULYM-YENISEI FOREST-STEPPE CHERNOZEM DURING FALLOW LANDS DEVELOPMENT FOR ORGANIC FARMING PURPOSES","authors":"Natal'ya Kurachenko, Alena A. Kolesnik","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-85-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-85-92","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"35 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141661764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS FOR MEAT AND VEGETABLE PATES OF A SPECIFIED COMPOSITION","authors":"Dar'ya Kupchak","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-254-262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-254-262","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to develop technological solutions for obtaining meat-and-vegetable pates of a given composition. Objectives: to develop technological approaches to the creation of protein-carbohydrate components based on soybeans, vegetables and wild-growing raw materials; to justify the technological parameters for the production of meat and vegetable pates. The general scheme of research included the development of technology for soy-carrot, soy-pepper, soy-pepper-mushroom and soy-carrot-fern granulates, as well as pates from rabbit meat and liver with the resulting granules, which were the objects of research and were assessed based on a combination of various indicators. The results of the study are presented, in accordance with which a technology has been developed for the production of protein-carbohydrate components based on soybeans, vegetables, wild-growing Far Eastern raw materials, including operations for joint disintegration and extraction, pre-soaked soybean seeds and chopped fresh carrots or sweet peppers, separation of the resulting mixture, introduction into the insoluble residue of onions, bracken, mushrooms, granulation and drying. Analysis of the chemical composition of the deve-loped protein-carbohydrate components showed that the proposed technology made it possible to increase the content of protein, fat, and dietary fiber, which exceeds similar indicators for dried vegetable concentrates existing on the market. By purposefully varying the amount of meat and protein-carbohydrate components, their optimal ratio of 70: 30 % was determined. Based on the analysis of mathematical mo-dels, the main factors influencing the quality of rabbit meat and liver pates with a protein-carbohydrate component were determined: mass fraction of the protein-carbohydrate component – 30.00–30.55 %; mass fraction of fat – 12.6–16.3 %; cutting duration is 8.6–10.7 minutes. The production technology of the designed meat-and-vegetable pates of a given composition has been experimentally confirmed.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"83 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141662763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUGAR COOKIES AND CAKES ENRICHED WITH ROSE HIPS","authors":"Irek Bagautdinov, Aleksandr Gusev, Olesya Kaluzhina","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-192-198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-192-198","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to study the effect of different amounts of rosehip powder on the quality of sugar cookies and cakes made from premium wheat flour. Tasks: preparing powder from the pulp of rose hips; setting up a laboratory experiment with different dosages of rosehip powder (RP); a comparative study of its effect on quality and nutritional value using the example of sugar cookies and muffins. RP was added to products in amounts of 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 % instead of wheat flour in dry matter. The control for the studied variants were products without RP. The object of study is a fine powder of light orange color, with a fruity aroma, sweet and sour, slightly astringent taste. The humidity of the RP was (9.3 ± 0.23) %; titratable acidity – (14.1 ± 0.17) mmol H+/100 g; vitamin C content – 3.66 %; content of polyuronides (pectin substances) – 13.8 %. A tasting assessment of sugar cookies showed the optimal option with the addition of 6 and 9 % RP; For the cake, the optimal option was to add 12 % powder. A further increase in the amount of added RP showed a deterioration in the organoleptic properties due to the appearance, taste and aroma of the products. The moisture content of the products did not depend on the amount of RP and was in the range of 8.8–9.2 % for cookies and 12.5–13.0 % for cake. In the control sample and variants with a dosage of 3 and 6 %, the porosity of the cookies was assessed as good; for options with dosages of 9 and 12 % – average; 15 % is bad. The wetness of cookies decreased with an increase in the amount of added PS. In sugar cookies with 6 % RP, the vitamin C content increases by 121 mg/100 g compared to the control; in the Stolichny cake, when adding 12 % PS, it increases by 241 mg/100 g.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"7 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141661640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SLAUGHTER PRODUCTS VETERINARY AND SANITARY EXAMINATION IN THE PARASITIC DISEASES STRUCTURE IN THE KABARDINO-BALKARIAN REPUBLIC","authors":"Muaed Karashaev","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-123-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-5-123-128","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to study the results of post-mortem examination of beef, to monitor parasitic diseases among the population of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The material for the study was the data obtained from post-mortem examinations from 2020 to 2022 and information from the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of the Office of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic for the same period. Recently, a significant part of productive animals in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic comes from the southern regions of the Russian Federation. Based on the results of reports conducted by the veterinary service for the period 2020–2022. 7,427 cattle carcasses were identified with affected organs and tissues by the following invasive diseases: Fasciolosis, Echinococcosis, Dicrocoeliasis. In 2020, the highest infection rate was due to Echinococcus granulosus infestation – 42.54 %, followed by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica – 32.52 %; the smallest – when infected with Dicrocoelium lanceatum – 24.94 %. In 2021, the highest level of infection was also due to infection by Echinococcus granulosus – 39.02 %, then Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica – 36.72 %, the lowest was due to infection by Dicrocoelium lanceatum – 24.24 %. In 2022, most of the culling occurred due to infestation: Echinococcus granulosus – 38.50 %, then Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica – 36.80 %, the least due to infection with Dicrocoelium lanceatum – 24.68 %. Favorable natural and climatic conditions, pasture animal husbandry, and peculiarities of the social structure of the population of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic lead to the interaction of the pathogen and host populations. Based on the results of epidemiological examinations of foci of invasive diseases of the population in the Russian Federation, the following results were obtained: over the past 5 years (2017–2021), 1,909 cases of infection with Echinococcus granulosus were identified. In total, 551 cases of infection with Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis were registered in the Russian Federation in 2022.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}