Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing最新文献

{"title":"Efficient preparation and multifunctional application of low shrinkage para aramid aerogels","authors":"Fengdong Teng,&nbsp;Na Li,&nbsp;Ying Yuan,&nbsp;Junrong Yu,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Zuming Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex preparation process and high shrinkage of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) aerogel limit its wider application. Herein, PPTA and heterocyclic aramid (HPPTA) prepolymer were secondary polymerized to obtain Block-PPTA (BPPTA) with both rigid and flexible segments in the molecular chain. The rigid and flexible segments in molecular chain under non-solvent enable the rapid transformation of BPPTA solutions into well-shaped BPPTA gels. The BPPTA aerogel exhibits the advantages of low shrinkage, high thermal insulation, and high mechanical strength. Then, a small amount of MXene and AgNWs were attached to the surface of BPPTA aerogels by layer-by-layer spraying method, which not only enhanced the flame retardancy capability of the aerogels, but also made organic aerogels possible to be applied in the fields of electromagnetic interference shielding and thermoelectric conversion. This work provides an ideal strategy for the efficient preparation of low shrinkage para aramid aerogels and expands the application areas of aerogels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108826"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-plane waviness parameterisation from in-factory photographs of non-crimp fabrics","authors":"Umeir Khan ,&nbsp;Vincent K. Maes ,&nbsp;Robert Hughes ,&nbsp;Jon Wright ,&nbsp;Petar Zivkovic ,&nbsp;Turlough McMahon ,&nbsp;James Kratz","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applying a Deep Learning-based framework has enabled macroscale waviness of Non-Crimp Fabric preforms to be quantified through analysis of in-factory photographs in a fast (∼45 s total processing time per photo) and straightforward way. Historically, image processing techniques, i.e. 2D Fast Fourier Transforms have been used to trace waviness. However, these approaches show shortcomings when applied to visually-complex surfaces, i.e. stitched preforms. In this study, a U-Net model was trained to segment tow and gap regions from in-factory photographs. Applying the model enabled waviness tracings that were then numerically parameterisation. Further stress-testing of the technique was used to interrogate the waviness in (a) visually-similar photographs, and (b) those obtained with compromised imaging conditions. The key finding from this study is that Deep Learning has shown potential in enabling a rapid and cost-effective form of quantitative inspection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108822"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-source lay-up error analysis and lay-up pressure optimization for robotic automated fiber placement (AFP)","authors":"Xiaokang Xu ,&nbsp;Liang Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhijia Cai ,&nbsp;Jiangxiong Li ,&nbsp;Yinglin Ke","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) offers significant advantages in manufacturing large aircraft structures but is prone to defects impacting product quality and mechanical performance. Lay-up Pressure Error (LPE), influenced by various factors, notably lay-up pressure, affects AFP quality. Our study focuses on a heavy-duty robot with pre-positioned lay-up mechanisms for AFP. We analyze the impact of robot and end effector (AFP head) errors on LPE, developing analytical models for compaction rollers and prepreg to establish constitutive relationships. A Generalized Tool-tip Error (GTE) incorporating mold path point offsets is formulated. Additionally, models for joint torsion and bending deformation, considering end forces and robot gravity, are established. Mapping joint errors to AFP robot end-effector errors (ARE) is achieved using extended Jacobian matrices. We comprehensively analyze error effects on LPE and establish an optimization index for robot pose to mitigate LPE. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our optimization method in enhancing lay-up pressure uniformity, accuracy, and overall quality while reducing defects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108825"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact damage detection on carbon fiber reinforced polymer tube by a mutual differential Bobbin probe","authors":"Wei Guo ,&nbsp;Lihua Guo ,&nbsp;Hao Xu ,&nbsp;Weijun Zhu ,&nbsp;Shejuan Xie ,&nbsp;Zhenmao Chen ,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Takagi ,&nbsp;Tetsuya Uchimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) tube is utilized in large aperture deployable space antennas for its superior material properties. Impact damages on CFRP tube can significantly impair the load-bearing capacity of the tubes. Efficient and convenient non-destructive evaluation method of impact damage in CFRP tubes is essential. This study develops a high-frequency eddy current testing (HF ECT) finite element analysis method that accounts for both the dielectric properties and anisotropic conductivity of CFRP, and establishes a fiber bundle model that explains the operating mechanism of displacement current and eddy currents in CFRP, offering guidance for predicting HF ECT signals in CFRP. A high signal-to-noise ratio mutual differential Bobbin probe is developed specifically for detecting impact damage in CFRP tubes. A HF ECT experiment system is constructed and validated using impact damages induced by a force hammer, demonstrating the effectiveness of method and probe, and the invisible impact defect is detected successfully.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108806"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-training of multiple neural networks for simultaneous optimization and training of physics-informed neural networks for composite curing","authors":"Keith D. Humfeld ,&nbsp;Geun Young Kim ,&nbsp;Ji Ho Jeon ,&nbsp;John Hoffman ,&nbsp;Allison Brown ,&nbsp;Jonathan Colton ,&nbsp;Shreyes Melkote ,&nbsp;Vinh Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) technique that co-trains neural networks (NNs) that represent each function in a system of equations to simultaneously solve equations representing an out-of-autoclave (OOA) cure process while conducting optimization in adherence to process requirements. Specifically, this co-training approach benefits from using NNs to represent OOA inputs (air temperature profile) and outputs (part and tool temperature profiles and degree of cure). Production requirements can then be levied on the inputs, such as maximum air temperature and minimum cure cycle, and simultaneously on the outputs, such as degree of cure, maximum part temperature, and part temperature rate limits. Co-training the NNs results in an optimized input producing outputs that meet all OOA process requirements. The technique is validated with finite element (FE) simulations and physical experiments for curing a Toray T830H-6 K/3900-2D composite panel. Hence, this novel approach efficiently models and optimizes the OOA cure process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108820"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior multifunctional protecting property of novel slippery integrated thin coating balancing surface and internal design","authors":"Daowei Lai ,&nbsp;Yanfei Ma ,&nbsp;Bin Li ,&nbsp;Zhenjun Peng ,&nbsp;Wufang Yang ,&nbsp;Qiangliang Yu ,&nbsp;Xiangfei Zhao ,&nbsp;Bo Yu ,&nbsp;Chufeng Sun ,&nbsp;Feng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We developed a novel solid–liquid composite coating with a gradient distribution of liquid-like brush grafting polysilazane and well-distributed modified graphene oxide, integrating anti-corrosion and underwater anti-adhesion properties, which exhibits stale anti-fouling and drag reduction properties. The corrosion current of the coating decreases by six orders of magnitude compared to that of the substrate, and it has an extremely long salt spray lifespan of over 1440 h with the thickness approximately 20 μm. It also achieves over 97 % reduction in microbial contamination, and the maximum drag reduction rate reaches about 36 %, exhibiting outstanding antifouling and drag reduction performance. Impressively, the drag reduction rate remains very stable even after the corrosion test, followed by algae adhesion tests and after abrasion. Even the coating is worn, it can still maintain relatively stable protective performance. This work provides a novel and feasible method for the engineering application of ocean antifouling and drag reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 108774"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optically/thermally dual-responsive shape memory superhydrophobic surfaces with advanced multi-functionalities","authors":"Yanlong Zhan ,&nbsp;Zhenqian Pang ,&nbsp;Gang Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intelligent responsive surfaces hold immense potential for cutting-edge technological applications. In this study, we report the fabrication of optically and thermally dual-responsive shape memory superhydrophobic surfaces, achieved through the synergistic integration of 3D printing, magnetron sputtering, and chemical modification techniques. These multifunctional surfaces exhibit exceptional shape memory properties, activated by optical and thermal stimuli, enabling reversible transitions in both surface structure and wettability. Furthermore, they demonstrate superior photothermal conversion efficiency and serve as programmable, rewritable platforms for precise control over liquid directional transport and tunable wetting gradients, ranging from superhydrophobicity to superhydrophilicity. Notably, the surfaces dynamically adjust their structural color via orientation changes in the array, all while maintaining outstanding shape memory stability and durability. The versatile applications of these intelligent surfaces encompass directional fluid transport, wetting gradient manipulation, wettability switching, programmable interfaces, structural coloration, and even extend to aerospace technologies, such as foldable antennas. This work represents a significant advancement in the development of smart responsive surfaces, highlighting their broad applicability and transformative potential across diverse technological domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 108812"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance and manufacturability co-driven process planning for topology-optimized structures fabricated by continuous fiber-reinforced polymer additive manufacturing","authors":"Huilin Ren ,&nbsp;Ziwen Chen ,&nbsp;Dan Wang ,&nbsp;David W. Rosen ,&nbsp;Yi Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of continuous fiber-reinforced polymer additive manufacturing (CFRP-AM) enables the fabrication of intricate geometries. While topology-optimized structures are known for their lightweight and superior properties, these complex forms introduce significant challenges in fiber toolpath design due to irregular geometric variations, particularly where fibers converge and diverge. Moreover, this complexity has been compounded by a separation between structural design and its direct application to manufacturing, leading to inefficiencies in the production process. To address this issue, a strut-joint (S-J) feature fiber toolpath planning method is developed that considers both performance and manufacturability. This method employs a divide-and-conquer strategy by separately optimizing the fiber paths in strut and joint regions to improve overall structural integrity. For topology-optimized structures with intricate geometries, a curl-based feature recognition method has been proposed. This method calculates the curl of the fiber orientation field and leverages the principle where angular variations result in increased curl values to categorize topology-optimized structures into two fundamental features: strut and joint. Subsequently, in strut regions, continuous fiber paths are generated using a field projection method, with the projection period determined by the minimal printable spacing. In joint areas, two specialized sub-optimization problems are introduced—connection and shape design. The connection problem uses integer linear programming to optimize the matching of fiber paths from different struts, while the shape design ensures extensive fiber coverage with no overlap, improving print quality and mechanical performance. This S-J feature approach maximizes fiber alignment with optimized material orientations in strut regions and minimizes performance degradation in joint areas, ensuring the structural integrity and effectiveness of the design. By directly translating the structural design results into continuous toolpaths for manufacturing, this approach bridges the gap between design and manufacturability. Mechanical tests revealed that the Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm (MBB) model fabricated with S-J toolpaths exhibited increases in stiffness of 21.5 % and 25.2 %, in strength of 29 % and 25.8 %, and in fiber infill ratio of 43.1 % and 6.7 %, respectively, when compared to the equally-spaced method (EQS) and Offset methods. Numerical simulation and digital image correlation (DIC) further validated the method, demonstrating a more uniform strain distribution and reduced stress concentrations, leading to enhanced strength. This research advances toolpath planning for topology-optimized structures, highlighting future innovations to improve performance and manufacturability of CFRP structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 108813"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced characterization of thermal degradation mechanisms in carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composites under continuous wave laser irradiation","authors":"Max Mammone ,&nbsp;Jojibabu Panta ,&nbsp;Richard P. Mildren ,&nbsp;John Wang ,&nbsp;Juan Escobedo-Diaz ,&nbsp;Lance Mcgarva ,&nbsp;Mathew Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Adam Sharp ,&nbsp;Richard Yang ,&nbsp;Y.X. Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the effects of laser power and beam diameter on the thermal damage characteristics of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites, aiming to uncover the underlying damage mechanisms using advanced characterization techniques. Continuous wave laser irradiation was performed with beam diameters of 3.18 mm and 5.70 mm at varying power levels up to 365 W to evaluate the influence of laser parameters on CFRP damage. High-resolution thermal imaging captured temperature distributions on the CFRP surfaces, revealing complex interactions between laser parameters and resulting thermal damage. Quantitative ultrasonic C-scan imaging offered detailed insights into the extent and distribution of damage, elucidating the interplay between laser parameters and CFRP integrity. Results show that for the 3.18 mm beam diameter, perforation times significantly decreased from 46 s at 215 W to 7 s at 365 W. Simultaneously, the damaged area reduced from 1204 mm² (48.2 %) at 215 W to 372 mm² (14.9 %) at 365 W, indicating efficient material ablation. Conversely, for the 5.7 mm beam diameter, perforation times were considerably longer, ranging from 393 s at 215 W to 269 s at 365 W, while the damage area increased from 1299 mm² (52.0 %) to 1712 mm² (68.5 %), reflecting a broader heat-affected zone (HAZ) and more extensive thermal damage. Mass loss trends also varied, decreasing with higher power for the smaller beam diameter but increasing for the larger beam, highlighting contrasting ablation efficiencies and thermal effects. Micro-CT imaging revealed internal structural changes in the CFRP, confirming SEM observations that detailed surface morphology alterations under varying laser conditions. Infrared micro-spectroscopy beamline (IRM) analysis further uncovered chemical modifications and compositional changes induced by laser exposure, providing insights into degradation mechanisms and residual stresses within the composite matrix. These findings significantly enhance the understanding of thermal damage mechanisms in CFRP, offering valuable implications for aerospace and high-performance composite applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 108817"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slow-growth disbond and delamination damage of a bonded composite-metal joint under fatigue loading","authors":"Laurence Wong ,&nbsp;John Wang ,&nbsp;Richard Chunhui Yang ,&nbsp;Y.X. Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the slow-growth damage behaviours of bonded CFRP-Al hybrid double-lap joints. Static tensile tests were performed to evaluate the residual strength of partially disbonded or delaminated joints. Fatigue tests were conducted at a practical load level based on static joint strength and safety factor requirements to measure fatigue life and crack growth rates. Finite element models were developed and calibrated using experimental residual strengths and the characteristic distance method and then employed to calculate the residual strengths and energy release rates as functions of crack lengths. The extended finite element method and virtual crack closure technique were both applied. The combination of experimental crack growth rates and numerical energy release rates yielded a modified Paris law, which was used to predict the fatigue life of the double-lap joints with gap region delamination. The fatigue test results revealed slow-growth delamination behaviour within the double-lap joint specimens with pre-embedded gap region delamination cracks. Following observations of crack migration from gap region disbond to first ply delamination, finite element analysis revealed the interaction that arises from disbond-delamination crack migration, with delamination growth remaining dominant and disbond growth significantly reducing. The fatigue life prediction for gap region delamination yielded good agreement with experimental joint fatigue life. This study implemented the previously proposed framework for assessing slow-growth damage behaviours of adhesively bonded composite joints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 108816"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}