Harsha Moraliyage, Sachin Kahawala, Daswin De Silva, D. Alahakoon
{"title":"Evaluating the Adversarial Robustness of Text Classifiers in Hyperdimensional Computing","authors":"Harsha Moraliyage, Sachin Kahawala, Daswin De Silva, D. Alahakoon","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869459","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperdimensional (HD) Computing leverages random high dimensional vectors (>10000 dimensions) known as hypervectors for data representation. This high dimensional feature representation is inherently redundant which results in increased robustness against noise and it also enables the use of a computationally simple operations for all vector functions. These two properties of hypervectors have led to energy efficient and fast learning capabilities in numerous Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. Despite the increasing number of such AI HD applications, their susceptibility to adversarial attacks has not been explored, specifically in the text domain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research endeavour to evaluate the adversarial robustness of HD text classifiers and report on their vulnerability to such attacks. In this paper, we designed and developed n-grams based HD computing text classifiers for two primary applications of HD computing; language recognition and text classification, and then performed a set of character level and word level grey-box adversarial attacks, where an attacker’s goal is to mislead the target HD computing classifier to produce false prediction labels while keeping added perturbation noise as low as possible. Our results show that adversarial examples generated by the attacks can mislead the HD computing classifiers to produce incorrect prediction labels. However, HD computing classifiers show a higher degree of adversarial robustness in language recognition compared to text classification tasks. The robustness of HD computing classifiers against character-level attacks is significantly higher compared to word-level attacks and has the highest accuracy compared to deep learning-based classifiers. Finally, we evaluate the effectiveness of adversarial training as a possible defense strategy against adversarial attacks in HD computing text classifiers.","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133002087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical Human-Robot Interaction (pHRI) through Admittance Control of Dynamic Movement Primitives in Sit-to-Stand Assistance Robot","authors":"Bibhu Sharma, Branesh M. Pillai, J. Suthakorn","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869510","url":null,"abstract":"Physically assistance robots have been conceptualized to compensate or augment the human musculoskeletal function. However, due to the concerns of safety and effectiveness for physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) in such robots, compliant joints are preferred over the rigid joints. This paper illustrates the implementation of admittance control in a sit-to-stand (STS) assistance robot. The 3-degrees of freedom (dof) robot comprises of ball screw-based linear actuators that are arranged in a parallel configuration. While the actuation system is preferable for strength and performance, the non-backdrivable characteristic corroborates the rigidity of the joint, making it unfavorable for human-robot interaction operation. To enhance compliance, force sensor-based admittance control system is implemented. Regarding motion planning, the trajectory were modeled as Dynamic Movement Primitives (DMP), which facilitates the implementation of admittance control. The proposed model is implemented in the robot prototype and validated by illustrating the force input and the motion output.","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115023390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Motion-Copying System Based on Modeling of Finger Force Characteristics Using Upper Limb-EMG","authors":"Daiki Sodenaga, K. Egawa, S. Katsura","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869479","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, motion-copying systems that store and reproduce human motions have attracted much attention. In the conventional method, the motion is stored using a motor, which affects the original task. In this study, we focused on the relationship between electromyography and force in order to realize unconstrained, non-contact force measurement. In this paper, we modeled the relationship between the force of pressing a force sensor with a fingertip and the myoelectric potential of performing an action by using the elemental description method, which is one of the system identification methods with easy physical interpretation. As a result, an accuracy of 0.260 N, the least squares error, was obtained. In addition, we conducted on copying and reproducing the motion of finger using this model. Although the accuracy of force estimation was low, we were able to estimate the force with the same accuracy. In the future, we aim to improve the accuracy of the estimation and to measure the force using only the myoelectric sensor without the force sensor.","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122042703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafał Zawiślak, M. Szwoch, Grzegorz Granosik, A. Miarka, Joanna Mik-Wojtczak, M. Mik
{"title":"Computer Aided Telediagnostics System for Stoma Patients","authors":"Rafał Zawiślak, M. Szwoch, Grzegorz Granosik, A. Miarka, Joanna Mik-Wojtczak, M. Mik","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869492","url":null,"abstract":"Stoma surgery may concern patients with colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. More than half of patients diagnosed with colon cancer present at an advanced stage, and palliative treatment may involve stoma formation. This type of surgery may change the patient’s life strongly, therefore they should receive special medical care. The paper presents the assumptions, concept, and architecture of the Stoma-Alert diagnosis support system, including the assessment of stoma complications and issuing recommendations for treatment and care. In particular, the telediagnosis subsystem, which is essential in the pandemic era, supports the assessment of stoma status on the basis of photos and symptoms provided remotely by the patient. The first experiences in the development of the system and interaction with it, both on the part of doctors and medical personnel, as well as the patients themselves, are also presented.","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125798834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gihan Gamage, Daswin De Silva, A. Adikari, D. Alahakoon
{"title":"A BERT-based Idiom Detection Model","authors":"Gihan Gamage, Daswin De Silva, A. Adikari, D. Alahakoon","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869485","url":null,"abstract":"Idioms are figures of speech that contradict the principle of compositionality. This disposition of idioms can misdirect Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, which mostly focus on the literal meaning of terms. In this paper, we propose a novel idiom detection model that distinguishes between literal and idiomatic expressions. It utilizes a token classification approach to fine-tune BERT(Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers). It is empirically evaluated on four idiom datasets, yielding an accuracy of more than 0.94. This model adds to the robustness and diversity of NLP techniques available to process and understand increasing magnitudes of free-form text and speech. Furthermore, the social value of this model is in enabling non-native speakers to comprehend the nuances of a foreign language.","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125867475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Filipowicz, Mateusz Kowalewski, K. Slominska, M. Kaczmarek
{"title":"Analysis of the influence of external conditions on temperature readings in thermograms and adaptive adjustment of the measured temperature value","authors":"P. Filipowicz, Mateusz Kowalewski, K. Slominska, M. Kaczmarek","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869458","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring human temperature is a crucial step in preventing the spread of diseases such as COVID-19. For the proper operation of an automatic body temperature measurement system throughout the year, it is necessary to consider outdoor conditions. In this paper, the effect of atmospheric factors on facial temperature readings using infrared thermography is investigated. A thorough analysis of the variation of facial temperature with the prevailing atmospheric conditions was carried out using recordings collected over two years and compared with air temperature values at 1 hour accuracy. A method that takes account of outdoor conditions on temperature readings was proposed. We developed a correction curve with coefficients values based on an analysis of the recordings of people entering the building. Such a method will allow an effective real-time fever screening in public places.","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125872329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Kooijman, Houshyar Asadi, Shady M. K. Mohamed, S. Nahavandi
{"title":"A Virtual Reality Study Investigating the Effect of Cybersickness on the Relationship Between Vection and Presence Across Environments with Varying Levels of Ecological Relevance","authors":"L. Kooijman, Houshyar Asadi, Shady M. K. Mohamed, S. Nahavandi","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869507","url":null,"abstract":"In the absence of physical motion, people sometimes experience the illusory sensation of self-motion which is known as vection. Vection research could contribute to the improvement of the fidelity of simulators as vection and presence appear to be positively related. However, when utilizing virtual reality technology for simulators, visually-induced motion sickness (VIMS) in the form of Cybersickness (CS) sometimes co-occurs with the experience of vection. Nonetheless, the relationship between vection and CS is not evident. Past research mainly investigated the relationship between the vection and CS using environments with a certain level of ecological relevance. Herein we investigated whether CS negatively affects the relationship between vection and presence across different virtual environments with varying levels of ecological relevance. We immersed twenty-nine participants visually and audibly in virtual environments and after each trial participants reported their vection intensity, CS, and presence. Our results showed that the relationship between vection intensity and presence was unaffected by CS. We conclude that the relationship between vection and presence is unaffected by CS with low levels of discomfort.","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124758790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karolina Buchta, Piotr Wójcik, Konrad Nakonieczny, Justyna Janicka, Damian Galuszka, Radoslaw Sterna, Magdalena Igras-Cybulska
{"title":"Microtransactions in VR. A qualitative comparison between voice user interface and graphical user interface","authors":"Karolina Buchta, Piotr Wójcik, Konrad Nakonieczny, Justyna Janicka, Damian Galuszka, Radoslaw Sterna, Magdalena Igras-Cybulska","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869475","url":null,"abstract":"Monetization of some elements of the mechanics has been present for a while in the videogames industry, often as a part of the freemium model, where basic functionalities are free, and premium functionalities are paid. With the development of XR applications and Meta-verse, VR has become the next medium where microtransactions can be applicable. At the same time, voice user interfaces are gaining an increasing number of users and some part of them frequently use them for shopping (e.g. using smart speakers like Alexa), while the others do not feel comfortable taking the purchasing decisions using voice. In the NUX project, we merge VR environment with a conversational voice user interface based on the natural language. In this study, we present the results of the comparison of the graphical and vocal forms of microtransactions, using a qualitative methodology (N=12).","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127519953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Large monitors reduce tracking error in robot-assisted visual-motor tasks","authors":"F. Stroppa, F. Amirabdollahian, A. Frisoli","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869488","url":null,"abstract":"Robot-assisted rehabilitation often makes use of virtual environments to present the therapy tasks. Virtual reality has the ability of providing valuable visual feedback and enjoyable interaction to the patients; therefore, the way they are displayed to users becomes crucial. Is the monitor size an important feature that influences how the task is perceived and thus affects patients’ performance?This study on healthy participants investigates the influence of displays in perceiving haptic effects. The participants performed an experiment using an end-effector robot, where they followed a moving target around a trajectory while disturbed by a simulated perturbation and assisted by an adaptive algorithm. The experiment was presented on two different monitors to assess whether a different size affects their performance. Statistically significant results show that the performance achieved with the large monitor features lower error compared to the small monitor, implying that large monitors might be a better solution for rehabilitation with virtual tasks and assistive robots.","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128966743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Attention-based Interactions Network for Breast Tumor Classification with Multi-modality Images","authors":"Xiao Yang, Xiaoming Xi, Chuanzhen Xu, Liangyun Sun, Lingzhao Meng, Xiushan Nie","doi":"10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI55341.2022.9869477","url":null,"abstract":"Benefiting from the development of medical imaging, the automatic breast image classification has been extensively studied in a variety of breast cancer diagnosis tasks recently. The multi-modality image fusion was helpful to further improve classification performance. However, existing multi-modality fusion methods focused on the fusion of modalities, ignoring the interactions between modalities, which caused the inefficient performance. To address the above issues, we proposed a novel attention-based interactions network for breast tumor classification by using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent dispersion coefficient (ADC) images. Specifically, we proposed a multi-modality interaction mechanism, including relational interaction, channel interaction, and discriminative interaction, to design an attention-based interaction module, which enhanced the abilities of inter-modal interactions. Extensive ablation studies have been carried out, which provably affirmed the advantages of each component. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy (ACC), specificity (SPC), and sensitivity (SEN) were 87.0%, 87.0%, 88.0%, and 86.0%, respectively, also verifying its effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":282607,"journal":{"name":"2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131755597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}