Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference最新文献

Conception centrée utilisateur d’un environnement virtuel pour la prise de décision collaborative : état de l’art pluridisciplinaire et analyse des besoins. 协作决策虚拟环境的以用户为中心的设计:多学科的最新技术和需求分析。

Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1145/3486812.3486834

Rémi Duhamel, A. Clay, Chloé Morel, Morgane Burgues, S. Philippe, Marion Wolff, R. Mollard

{"title":"Conception centrée utilisateur d’un environnement virtuel pour la prise de décision collaborative : état de l’art pluridisciplinaire et analyse des besoins.","authors":"Rémi Duhamel, A. Clay, Chloé Morel, Morgane Burgues, S. Philippe, Marion Wolff, R. Mollard","doi":"10.1145/3486812.3486834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3486812.3486834","url":null,"abstract":"In military operations, each action is planned. Experts with varied skills are organized in a staff to work on the operational planning following a specific method. For the experts, this work consists in understanding the context of a mission, then analyze and synthesize data from various sources and formats to allow the leader to decide between several options in order to generate adapted instructions to orchestrate the military body towards the achievement of the goals. Thus, issues of information overload, remote collaboration and time saving emerge, to which innovative tools based on immersive technologies could be relevant. The partners of the VR-Decision project, including Manzalab, Immersalis Consulting and the Plateforme d’Évaluation, de Prototypage et de teSts d’usageS (PEPSS) of ESTIA, aim to propose a demonstrator that will allow the evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of Virtual Environments for collaborative decision making. The environment developed will allow staff officers to collaborate to analyze situations, synthesize a proposal and share it, especially with the chief. This article aims to present the first phases of the user-centered methodology that was implemented for the design of this new interface, in particular the state of the art and the needs analysis.","PeriodicalId":282245,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129467113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Smart technologies in hospitality: effects on activity, work design and employment. A case study about chatbot usage 酒店中的智能技术:对活动、工作设计和就业的影响。一个关于聊天机器人使用的案例研究

Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1145/3486812.3486838

Pierre-Baptiste Flandrin, C. Hellemans, J. V. D. Linden, C. V. D. Leemput

{"title":"Smart technologies in hospitality: effects on activity, work design and employment. A case study about chatbot usage","authors":"Pierre-Baptiste Flandrin, C. Hellemans, J. V. D. Linden, C. V. D. Leemput","doi":"10.1145/3486812.3486838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3486812.3486838","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to overcome the empirical limitations of tourism studies concerning customer experience, to focus on the transformations of work activity. From an ergonomics perspective focusing on work activity in two hotels, the article proposes an analysis about smart technologies based on a case study of a chatbot or conversational agent (CA) and proposes an alternative to implement technology in work design. This study uses a systemic approach and incorporates semi-structured interviews, UX curves with different stakeholders (N=7) from touristic organisation: strategic, operational and design workers. Results show that the different stakeholders do not share the same representation of chatbots. Designers and strategy workers consider the technology as a way to improve the customer experience and reduce work constraints by eliminating tasks and creating a new tasks redistribution. Furthermore, the use of chatbot reveals greater flexibility for the operational staff. We also note reconfigurations of work for both staff and designers in order to allow chatbot evolutivity and efficiency over timeIn the light of these statements, this research shows that the deployment of technology cannot be successful without a comprehensive analysis of the work activity context. This study also highlights the role of human intelligence in the creation of evolving and contextually adapted tourism systems. From a general point of view, the introduction of technologies has led to a profound reorganisation of the stage and backstage tasks. They can also be deleterious to work and service relationship when the conditions of their implementation are not thought out in advance. The article suggests to design these work systems through a human-centred approach by contributing to the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology at the service of humans and their work.","PeriodicalId":282245,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132151933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Définition et validité de critères de « partageabilité » : premiers résultats “可分享性”标准的定义和有效性:第一个结果

Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1145/3486812.3486836

C. Colin, E. Brangier

{"title":"Définition et validité de critères de « partageabilité » : premiers résultats","authors":"C. Colin, E. Brangier","doi":"10.1145/3486812.3486836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3486812.3486836","url":null,"abstract":"Depuis une dizaine d'années, l’économie dite « du partage » (‘sharing economy’) se développe. Les entreprises offrant des services d'autopartage, de covoiturage ou de location d'appartements pour une courte durée sont les fers de lance de ce mouvement. Mais le secteur fait face à une série d’échecs d'usage (notamment de services d'autopartage et de vélopartage en libre-service), à une critique de son impact sociétal et environnemental (marchandisation, gentrification, effets rebonds) et à des règles sanitaires drastiques imposées par la pandémie en cours. Pour répondre à ces difficultés, cette communication des recommandations ayant pour objectif d'outiller l’évaluation et la conception d'objets partagés. Dans cette perspective, 7 critères ergonomiques (dit de « partageabilité ») sont proposés pour évaluer et concevoir des produits et services de partage d'objets physiques : Accompagnement, Appropriation Équilibrée, Coopérativité, Décontamination, Durabilité, Gouvernance et Valeur. Afin d’étudier la validité de ces critères, une étude exploratoire a évalué leur mise en application par 13 experts et expertes en ergonomie et facteur humain. Leur utilisation des critères pour catégoriser 40 cas pratiques a été comparée à l'affectation théorique des expérimentateurs. Les résultats indiquent un pourcentage global d'accord des experts avec l'affectation théorique de 85%. En outre, le niveau d'accord entre les experts mêmes a également été mesuré par le coefficient kappa de Randolph (0,75). Ces premiers résultats sont donc prometteurs et amènent à imaginer les étapes de validation suivantes des critères.","PeriodicalId":282245,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131094188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Hybrid Robotics System for Children with Autism: A longitudinal Study of Social Interaction inside the Classroom 自闭症儿童的混合机器人系统:课堂内社会互动的纵向研究

Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1145/3486812.3486840

J. Dinet, Hanna Verdel, Hirokazu Kumazaki, Kazunori Terada, Sylvie Vitel, Eloise Zender

{"title":"A Hybrid Robotics System for Children with Autism: A longitudinal Study of Social Interaction inside the Classroom","authors":"J. Dinet, Hanna Verdel, Hirokazu Kumazaki, Kazunori Terada, Sylvie Vitel, Eloise Zender","doi":"10.1145/3486812.3486840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3486812.3486840","url":null,"abstract":"In our longitudinal (20 weeks) and empirical study (i.e., conducted in natural settings inside a specific classroom with 9 children with ASD), we used a hybrid robotics system (i.e. Cozmo©) to investigate the evolution of the behaviors and gestures of the children in this sample when performing specific activities with this robot, in order to test if a hybrid system can support behaviors related to joint attention and social exchanges. Our study is based on observations of collaborative activities performed by children with ASD with/against the Cozmo© robot during educational settings in ecological contexts. Analyses showed that children point less and less frequently toward the hybrid robotics system, touch the robot less and less frequently while three behaviors and gestures increase significantly through the interactions with the robot and through the weeks: children touch the cubes more and more frequently, they point more and more frequently toward peers and joint attention is more and more frequent. In other words, because these three behaviors are directly related to social exchanges and communication, our results tend to demonstrate that joint attention and the interest of children are more and more focused on the other children (i.e. peers) and the activities performed together by using a hybrid robotics system.","PeriodicalId":282245,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132832220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Task Interruption Management in Aeronautics: Contribution of an Augmented Reality Device: Task interruption in Aeronautics and Augmented Reality 任务中断管理在航空:一个增强现实设备的贡献:任务中断在航空和增强现实

Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1145/3486812.3486833

M. Wolff, Stéphane Lefort, Patxi Bérard, R. Mollard

{"title":"Task Interruption Management in Aeronautics: Contribution of an Augmented Reality Device: Task interruption in Aeronautics and Augmented Reality","authors":"M. Wolff, Stéphane Lefort, Patxi Bérard, R. Mollard","doi":"10.1145/3486812.3486833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3486812.3486833","url":null,"abstract":"Many preflight actions have to be done before the departure. These different tasks have a high implication on crew resources. During this phase, the cockpit is not isolated from the rest of the airport. Pilots must perform their different scanflow and checklist while listening to the radio, answering to the other crew members and the ground staff... A French research team, a \"Human Factor Pilot Club\" named Egoak (Ergonomics Group Of Aeronautical Knowledge) wanted to know if these interruptions have an effect or not on the real crew performance and on the different feelings. It must have been typical to believe in the conventional fact that the loss of attention may increase the task load and the errors, but it would have been better to verify that hypothesis. The aim of this study is to test a new device (Augmented Reality tool) that would be able to point the last device checked in the cockpit before the interruption. For this purpose, 18 pilots participated in an experiment including an increasingly high mental workload. The results show that the augmented reality tool is able to decrease the error rate.","PeriodicalId":282245,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129512203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Apports de l’oculométrie dans l’analyse d’une tâche procédurale 眼科测量在程序任务分析中的贡献

Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1145/3486812.3486841

Noémie Kempa, E. Jouguet, Mateo Campos, S. Buffat, D. Ricard, F. Bompaire, Marie Baruteau, Marie De Laage, J. Nelson

引用次数: 0

Interface Cœur-Ordinateur : une piste pour l’étude des erreurs humaines ? 心-机接口:研究人为错误的途径?

Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1145/3486812.3486839

Frédéric Vanderhaegen, Marion Wolff, Adèle Buey, Weronika Sawicki, R. Mollard

{"title":"Interface Cœur-Ordinateur : une piste pour l’étude des erreurs humaines ?","authors":"Frédéric Vanderhaegen, Marion Wolff, Adèle Buey, Weronika Sawicki, R. Mollard","doi":"10.1145/3486812.3486839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3486812.3486839","url":null,"abstract":"Des études antérieures ont montré qu'il semblerait exister un lien entre la synchronicité cardiaque et l'incapacité attentionnelle à détecter des alarmes lorsque la charge mentale de travail augmente lors de tâches de contrôle. Cet article fait suite à ces études et propose une interface cœur-ordinateur afin de comparer à nouveau deux groupes de sujets devant réagir à des événements visuels et sonores répartis selon 4 niveaux de difficulté croissante menées sous contrainte temporelle, mais cette fois dans un contexte où l'attention du sujet est distribuée : un groupe dont l'apparition des alarmes est rendue synchrone avec le rythme cardiaque du sujet et un autre asynchrone. Les résultats quantitatifs et qualitatifs corroborent ceux obtenus antérieurement : les événements synchronisés avec le rythme cardiaque des sujets induisent bien une perturbation non consciente des capacités attentionnelles. Toutefois il semblerait que dans un contexte où l'attention est distribuée sur plusieurs écrans, la synchronicité des alarmes avec le rythme cardiaque du sujet pourrait avoir un plus grand impact sur la détection d’événements que lorsque l'attention est focalisée sur un seul. Cette nouvelle étude montre ainsi l'intérêt de développer de futures méthodes d'évaluation de la fiabilité humaine pour le contrôle de situations à risques.","PeriodicalId":282245,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127157997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigation adaptative dans les systèmes interactifs : paradigme et solution 自适应导航系统中的交互: 范式和溶液

Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1145/3486812.3486842

É. Petit, Denis Chêne

{"title":"Navigation adaptative dans les systèmes interactifs : paradigme et solution","authors":"É. Petit, Denis Chêne","doi":"10.1145/3486812.3486842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3486812.3486842","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the customization of man-machine interfaces, we present in this paper a generic paradigm of dynamic adaptation of the interface to the user's navigation habits. This involves providing the current user with automated assistance in carrying out his usual tasks, so as to make him more efficient, in particular by reducing his mental load or the number of his actions. This adaptive paradigm, which is not specific to an application, combines in a flexible way: adaptive guidance, adaptive shortcuts, and adaptive automatisms. These different modes of adaptivity are managed by the system during the interaction, in a reliable and reactive manner on the basis of adaptive machine learning leveraging Bayesian theory and dealing with uncertainty in a rigorous way. The architecture of the solution is based on a predictive navigation model underpinned by a finite state machine, and integrating adaptive mechanisms. Our paradigm thus integrates a user activity model, a navigation task model within an interface, and an adaptive interaction model. It offers dynamic navigation assistance by jointly optimizing the nature of the adaptations and the distribution of initiatives between the user and the system, depending on the part of the interface explored and its use. We will endeavor to describe and justify this paradigm from ergonomic and technical angles, supported by a demonstrator running on a touchscreen tablet.","PeriodicalId":282245,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th “Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée” Conference","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129235248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0