Analytical Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Dielectrophoretic and Thermophoretic Control of Particles with Laser-Illuminated Electrode Arrays Embedded in Microfluidic Channels","authors":"Brigham L. Pope,Stephen C. Jacobson","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04944","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Metal electrodes integrated into microfluidic channels are used to manipulate particles through a combination of dielectrophoretic and thermophoretic forces. The electrode arrays are milled into a thin metal film disposed in a microfluidic channel to precisely position the arrays within the fluid flow. Upon laser illumination, these electrode arrays exert forces on nearby particles that are coupled with microfluidic flow. The primary modes of particle-electrode interactions are lateral attraction, particle capture, edge confinement, and particle repulsion. Finite element analysis models reveal that metal electrodes generate electric field gradients toward the electrode that oscillate at the laser frequency, thereby exerting an attractive dielectrophoretic force on particles. Heating of the electrodes with the laser creates thermophoretic temperature gradients that repel particles. The balance between attractive and repulsive forces are quantitatively mapped across laser intensities and fluid velocities. At lower intensities and velocities, particles are attracted to and trapped on the electrode arrays. At higher intensities and velocities, the thermophoretic force exceeds the dielectrophoretic force, and particles are repelled from the electrodes. Because the dielectrophoretic and thermophoretic forces are easily tuned, the electrode arrays can be controllably switched across operational modes.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Versatile Dual-Chiral Covalent Organic Framework Microspheres Synthesized at Room Temperature for Chromatographic Separation and Raman Detection of Chiral Polar Compounds","authors":"Simin Huang,Ling Xia,Gongke Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c01338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c01338","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chiral separation and detection remain challenging areas in analytical science. Herein, we report a mild and rapid preparation of versatile dual-chiral covalent organic framework (D-CCOF) microspheres that can be directly employed as both a chiral stationary phase and a Raman substrate for the chiral separation and detection of polar chiral compounds. Based on the rapid synthesis of three-component COF microspheres at room temperature, uniform D-CCOF microspheres were prepared through two-step mild post-modification, including an ultraviolet-assisted thiol−ene click reaction for precise chiral site modification. The integration of two chiral functional groups (thiolated β-cyclodextrin and glutathione) into the skeleton of COF with low energy consumption provided abundant chiral sites. When employed as a chiral stationary phase in HPLC, D-CCOF demonstrated enantioseparation performance for hydroxyl-containing drug intermediates that was superior to that of single-chiral COFs and comparable to that of commercial chiral columns. D-CCOF was also used as a Raman chiral substrate for the detection of six carboxyl-containing chiral metabolites by monitoring the intensity ratio variations of two characteristic Raman bands at ∼1133 and ∼1146 cm−1. Furthermore, it demonstrated the potential for chiral qualitative analysis in complex matrices. Molecular simulations revealed that the interactions between the two chiral groups on the dual-chiral COF and the enantiomers are dominated by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions and that the synergistic effect of the dual chiral groups contributes to chiral recognition. This work offers a green and facile route to the rapid synthesis of dual-chiral COF microspheres and illustrates the potential of this dual-chirality design for both chromatographic enantioseparation and Raman-based chiral detection.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline-Free Wide-Range Methane Concentration Measurement Based on Logarithmic Second Derivative Spectroscopy","authors":"Jinyu Li,Feng He,Wentao Zhou,Fangting Liu,Mengtao Xiao,Yuhua Guo,Junhui Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c05097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c05097","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Methane (CH4) leak detection requires not only high detection sensitivity but also accurate concentration measurements over a wide concentration range. To address the difficulty of baseline extraction in tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy based on direct absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS-DAS) and detector signal saturation under high absorption conditions, a logarithmic second derivative convolutional neural network (LSD-CNN) is proposed for baseline-free CH4 concentration measurement over a wide concentration range. By applying a logarithmic transformation followed by second derivative processing to the transmitted spectrum, a new spectral feature domain is constructed. This transformation removes the influence of the baseline while preserving the relationship between the transformed spectrum and CH4 concentration. Considering that the spectral characteristics in the feature space differ significantly between unsaturated and saturated conditions, global standardization and pointwise standardization are used to construct a dual input, which is then processed by a one dimensional CNN for CH4 concentration inversion over a wide concentration range.The proposed method is validated using a mid-infrared CH4 sensor. Experimental results show that the coefficient of determination (R2) reaches 0.99991 over the concentration range from 500 ppb to 10000 ppm. Allan-Werle deviation analysis gives a minimum detection limit of 2.63 ppb at an integration time of 98 s.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart Dual-Emissive Probe toward the Visualization of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential during Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury","authors":"Jiaqi Li,Bin Zhan,Yujiao Jia,Jinxin Liu,Na Zhang,Jie Niu,Minggang Tian","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c05042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c05042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) plays central roles in signal transduction, metabolism, and other critical biological processes, which was also a crucial indicator of cellular status. Dual-emissive fluorescent probes represent promising molecular tools for investigating ΔΨm. Nevertheless, most of them relied on aggregation/monomer mechanisms and are susceptible to interferences such as uneven staining. To address this limitation, herein, a subcellular-migratory and polarity-responsive fluorescent probe (N-Py) was constructed for the visualization of ΔΨm in a dual-emissive manner. N-Py specifically targeted mitochondria and exhibited yellow fluorescence in live cells. Upon depolarization of ΔΨm, N-Py translocated from mitochondria to intracellular RNA with the emission red-shifted to orange-red color, owing to the higher polarity of RNA than mitochondrial membranes. Reversible tracking of ΔΨm was achieved by N-Py. By virtue of this probe, in situ and real-time visualization of cellular oxidative damage was realized, along with monitoring of apoptosis triggered by ultraviolet irradiation, toxins, and anticancer drugs. Notably, N-Py featured a compact molecular architecture, and its cationic salt moiety possessed a molecular weight of merely 239, endowing the probe with extensive application prospects. Furthermore, N-Py was applied to successfully monitor ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the protective effect of cyclosporin A (an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore) against ischemia-reperfusion injury was unambiguously validated with this probe.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Multinuclear Steady State Free Precession for Process Monitoring in Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Systems with Multi-Receive Nuclear Magnetic Resonance","authors":"William W. Wolff,Yijin Zhang,Mohamed Ateia,Jeremy R. Gauthier,Katrina Steiner,Daniel H. Lysak,Daniel Orozco Fernandez,Tiago B. Moraes,Luiz A. Colnago,Derek C. G. Muir,Robert J. Letcher,Myrna J. Simpson,Andre J. Simpson","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Monitoring fast, complex processes by NMR requires excellent sensitivity and time resolution, while additional heteronuclear information helps provide greater insight into changes. Steady-state free precession (SSFP) maintains the magnetization in the steady-state, allowing 10−100’s of acquisitions per second, increasing NMR sensitivity albeit with a reduction in spectral resolution. This work presents simultaneous multinuclear (SIM)-SSFP, a multi-receive NMR experiment in which SSFP is performed on two nuclei simultaneously (1H and 19F here) to collect independent 1D datasets for process monitoring. The approach provides identical sensitivity and spectral resolution as traditional SSFP, effectively providing a second SSFP NMR spectrum “for free”. SIM-SSFP is first demonstrated in the oxidation of 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol to highlight the value of multinuclear datasets in understanding reaction mechanisms and is subsequently applied to follow total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assays on 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol and an aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF; a per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) mixture) to understand the reaction mechanisms. The NMR results indicated incomplete conversion of the unknown PFAS in the AFFF, while in all samples the TOP assays mineralized some of the organic fluorine to inorganic fluoride, which is challenging to measure by mass spectrometry, and could lead to the underestimation of PFAS contaminants. We suggest NMR is an excellent complementary approach to understand TOP assays and can support the development of improved methods for environmental analysis. In summary, SIM-SSFP allows SSFP acquisition on two nuclei simultaneously without compromising either dataset, and supports process monitoring in any sensitivity-limited application where information from multiple nuclei are required.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Dual-Lock Activatable Fluorescent Probe Leveraging Tumor Metabolic and Enzymatic Features for Precision Imaging","authors":"Li Tang,Yingying Lv,Lin Xu,Liang Gong,Jianxiong Xu","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c05411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c05411","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Achieving highly sensitive and precise detection and imaging of cancer cells within the body is crucial for providing pathological information support in disease diagnosis and treatment. However, due to the existence of factors such as non-specific activation in local areas, membrane barriers, and the complexity of the intracellular environment, the tumor imaging strategies based on a single biomarker are subject to interference from false positive signals, which restricts the precise distinction between tumor tissues and normal tissues. To address these problems, we employ an “AND” logic gating mechanism, integrating the high ATP content and high expression of FEN1 within cancer cells as multiple targets for coordinated responses, to construct an ATP-mediated strategy for activating a self-assembled nanoprobe (named AFG probe) with FEN1-responsive properties for selective recognition and precise imaging of cancer cells. The design leverages the conformational adaptability of ATP aptamers to hybridize and assemble DNA nanoprobes with tunable sizes through the adjustment of the monomer. Once internalized within cancer cells, the high ATP concentrations present trigger a conformational shift of the aptamer, leading to the formation of substrate structures that can be specifically recognized by the intracellular target FEN1. These substrates undergo cleavage under the enzymatic action of FEN1, which leads to the dissociation of the nanoprobe and generates fluorescence signals. The results demonstrate that the programmable AFG probe exhibits high sensitivity, specificity, and stability. Furthermore, we verified the ability of the AFG probe to dynamically monitor the changes of FEN1 within cancer cells, and systematically evaluated its imaging performance in breast cancer cells, lung cancer cells, normal cells, lung cancer tissues and normal tissues, as well as in live mice. All these findings indicate that this probe, by utilizing the high concentration of ATP and high expression of FEN1 in cancer cells, can effectively distinguish tumor tissues from normal tissues. This strategy provides a idea for precise imaging of FEN1-related tumors and offers technical support for overcoming the problem of false positives based on a single biomarker.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QuantDSF: an Open-Source Platform for Comprehensive Nano Differential Scanning Fluorimetry Analysis","authors":"Shuo Zhou,Yaxia Yuan,Jyoti Vishwakarma,Dong Zhu,Reuben S. Harris,Digant Nayak,Shaun Olsen,Yashpal Rawal,Patrick Sung,Dongwen Lv,Peiyi Zhang,Guangrong Zheng,Daohong Zhou","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c03505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c03505","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nano differential scanning fluorimetry (nanoDSF) is widely used for label-free protein stability and ligand binding analysis, yet most workflows reduce each experiment to a single melting temperature (Tm), discarding the native-state fluorescence, concentration dependence, and temperature-resolved binding information present in the raw data. Here, we present QuantDSF, an open-source, fully transparent platform that converts standard concentration-series nanoDSF experiments into three layers of quantitative information typically obtained from separate assays: thermal stability, affinity, and binding thermodynamics. From a single experiment, QuantDSF reports Tm and ligand-induced shifts, legacy 4PL midpoints (Cmid) with method-aware quality control, and apparent ΔH and ΔS via isothermal slicing and Van’t Hoff regression. Tm is determined through three complementary algorithms, letting users match the method to their data. Native-state static fluorescence quenching and Gaussian deconvolution of overlapping transitions further capture binding events that Tm-only analyses miss. We validate QuantDSF on small molecules, nucleic acids, metal ions, and lipids, with orthogonal validation against isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance. In addition, QuantDSF enables label-free characterization of proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC)−induced ternary complex formation across both VHL and CRBN E3 platforms. We further show that QuantDSF resolves the BCL-xL versus BCL-2 selectivity of DT2216, a BCL-xL−selective PROTAC, that proximity-based assays miss because it reports the thermodynamic stability of the ternary complex rather than spatial proximity alone. By exposing the full analytical content of nanoDSF data through reproducible open-source workflows, QuantDSF extends nanoDSF from endpoint stability screening into a quantitative platform for protein−ligand binding, thermodynamic analysis, and ternary complex characterization.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural AIE Probe Screening and Application in Complex Samples Based on Biological Aggregation-Triggered In Situ Luminescence","authors":"Shuxian Zhang,Hui Yuan,Lingling Yang,Xiaoxuan Fan,Wangyan Zhao,Rui Mai,Cheng Liu,Qiang Han,Yongjian Ai,Qionglin Liang,Xueqin Ma,Guoning Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04901","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The occurrence of thromboembolic diseases is closely related to the generation of biological aggregates mediated by thrombin, and the detection and regulation of its activity are crucial for research in this field. Here, an aggregate-responsive method was proposed and validated based on biological aggregation-triggered in situ luminescence, enabling the screening of natural AIE (aggregation-induced emission) probes, thrombin activity assay, and thrombin inhibitor discovery in complex samples. The results demonstrated that thrombin-induced fibrin aggregation can activate the in situ luminescence of AIE molecules in complex samples. By combining chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques, berberine was identified as a natural compound with significant AIE effects. Quantum chemical calculations simulated the molecular basis of its recognition and emission within the aggregated microenvironment. A visual sensing method for detecting thrombin activity in complex systems has been developed based on the AIE effect. This method successfully demonstrated that the extracts of taxilli herba and notoginseng radix et rhizoma contain effective ingredients that can inhibit thrombin activity. In addition, a computer-mediated virtual screening technique was developed for efficient analysis of active monomers in the candidate extracts. This study indicated that thrombin-mediated biological aggregates can be used for efficient discovery of AIE molecules in complex samples, as well as for efficient discovery of anticoagulant candidate compound.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Single-Particle Characterization of Airborne Microplastics Reveals Physicochemical Heterogeneity and Aging-Related Features","authors":"Jonghyeon Park,Cheonwoong Kang,Kyeong-Eun Lee,Ji-Won Park,Young-Chul Song,Yen Thi-Hoang Le,Chul-Un Ro,Hanjin Yoo,Ki-Joon Jeon","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c03727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c03727","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Airborne microplastics (AMPs) have emerged as an important atmospheric contaminant; however, their physicochemical characteristics at the individual particle level remain poorly understood. In this study, a multimodal single-particle analytical approach integrating fluorescence microscopy, Raman microspectrometry (RMS), optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy, and SEM/EDX was developed for the characterization of individual AMP particles. Fluorescence microscopy enabled screening of particles with high AMP potential, while RMS and O-PTIR provided complementary molecular and functional characterization, and SEM/EDX further provided morphological information. Among the fluorescent AMP candidates analyzed in a single aerosol sample, 18.0% and 19.7% were identified as AMPs by RMS and O-PTIR, respectively, whereas their combined application increased the identification fraction to 22.0%. The incomplete overlap between the two techniques demonstrates their complementary analytical capabilities and indicates that reliance on either technique alone may result in the underestimation of AMPs. Their combined use further enabled the detailed physicochemical characterization of individual AMPs. Notably, 86% of the identified AMPs exhibited spectral features distinct from those of standard polymers, including peak attenuation, broadening, and additional peaks, accompanied by worn and irregular morphologies. These differences suggest modifications associated with environmental aging processes, including oxidation, chain scission, and changes in aromatic structures. Substantial particle-to-particle variability within the same polymer type and similar size range further indicated heterogeneity in environmental exposure history and sources. Although the present study is limited to a single urban aerosol sample, the results demonstrate that multimodal single-particle analysis can reveal physicochemical heterogeneity and aging-related features of AMPs that may not be readily accessible using conventional single-technique approaches.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Laminated Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Device Based on Image Analysis Using Optimized Color Space for Simultaneous Multiplexed Quantification of Chemical Water Quality Parameters","authors":"Asmaa Salah,Ahmed A. Shalaby,Akihiko Ishida,Masatoshi Maeki,Manabu Tokeshi","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04073","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Water contamination remains a critical global challenge, underscoring the need for portable, low-cost, and user-friendly tools for on-site monitoring, particularly in resource-limited settings. This work presents a laminated multilayered wax-printed microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) engineered to provide rapid, multiplexed quantification of three key water quality indicators, covering both chemical contaminations represented by (NO2− and Fe2+) and physical water quality assessed through total hardness (Ca2+ and Mg2+) in a single test. The lamination-based assembly ensures strong interlayer adhesion, uniform contact, and stable capillary-driven flow. This design effectively prevents reagent leakage, backflow, and layer separation, which are common limitations in conventional paper-based devices. This study offers the first systematic evaluation of ten color spaces for image-based quantification of a μPAD, enabling evidence-based selection of optimal colorimetric parameters for enhanced analytical performance. The platform supports rapid operation with a 5 min detection time and achieves limits of detection of 0.07 ppm (NO2−), 0.34 ppm (Fe2+), 6.0 ppm (Mg2+), and 9.0 ppm (Ca2+), outperforming other recently reported platform results and aligning with regulatory requirements. Robust selectivity was demonstrated across diverse real-water matrices; recovery values ranged from 77.3% to 126%, consistent with accepted criteria for trace-level analysis. Collectively, these results highlight the device capability to deliver accurate, reliable, and comprehensive water quality assessment in a single test, offering a scalable solution for field deployment.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"482 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}