{"title":"Release dynamics and toxicological analysis of astilbin from lauric acid/BSA-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Panadda Yotsomnuk , Wanwisa Skolpap , Veerachai Thitapakorn","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The research was designed to analyze the <em>in vitro</em> drug release kinetics of astilbin (AST)-loaded lauric acid (LA)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION<sup>LA/BSA</sup>) as drug delivery vehicles for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) therapy. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the diffusion coefficient of AST (<em>D</em>) and the dissolution rate (<em>k</em>′<em>a</em>) of the drug, as well as to assess the <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity against KKU-055 and KKU-213. The <em>in vitro</em> drug release profiles of AST-loaded SPION<sup>LA/BSA</sup> demonstrated their potential for a targeted and pH-sensitive delivery mechanism. The AST release profile at different concentrations (10, 15, 20, and 25 ppm) was best fitted by the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The release exponents (<em>n</em> ≤ 0.45) indicated that the drug release mechanism was controlled by quasi-Fickian diffusion. The control of drug release dynamics of AST predicted using a combination of the Noyes-Whitney and Fick's second law, was best described by a second-order release-rate diffusion control at a 10 ppm loading concentration. In contrast, a higher initial concentration (20 ppm) was best described by a first-order release-rate diffusion control model. In the cytotoxicity studies, SPION<sup>LA/BSA</sup> demonstrated a greater decrease in cell viability compared to uncoated-SPION, in a dose-dependent manner (0–150 μg·cm<sup>−3</sup>). After 48 h of treatment, KKU-213 cells exhibited the highest cell growth inhibition, with a 54.73 % reduction in viability compared to the control group. These findings suggest that AST has potential as a potent anticancer agent for inhibiting CCA cell growth, while SPION<sup>LA/BSA</sup> shows promise as an effective carrier for anticancer drug delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114620"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin Gui , Nan Jiang , Huan Pu, Fanglu Zhong, Xin Huang, Zhiwen Wang, Qianhui Liu, Hao Wang, Yanxiang Zhou, Qing Zhou, Qing Deng
{"title":"Multifunctional targeted nanosystem based on aggregation-induced emission: Enhanced synergistic mild-photothermal chemotherapy of prostate cancer via downregulation of heat shock protein 70 under NIR-II imaging","authors":"Bin Gui , Nan Jiang , Huan Pu, Fanglu Zhong, Xin Huang, Zhiwen Wang, Qianhui Liu, Hao Wang, Yanxiang Zhou, Qing Zhou, Qing Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men, often presents at advanced stages, where treatment options are limited due to surgical intolerance and resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. Mild photothermal therapy (PTT) at 42–49°C selectively eliminates tumors while sparing normal tissues, but its efficacy is reduced by heat shock protein (HSP70) upregulation, which inhibits apoptosis. To address these limitations, we developed 2TToD@NPs, a multifunctional nanosystem combining second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging, mild PTT, and chemotherapy. The nanosystem, comprising an aggregation-induced emission agent (2TT-oC26B) and doxorubicin (DOX), targets prostate cancer cells via folic acid modification. Upon laser irradiation, 2TT-oC26B generates strong NIR-II fluorescence and thermal energy for imaging and mild PTT. Concurrently, DOX enhances tumor sensitivity to PTT by downregulating HSP70, reduces thermal resistance, induces DNA damage, and generates reactive oxygen species, triggering apoptosis. This synergistic approach overcomes the limitations of single-modality therapies. Our findings suggest that the multifunctional nanosystem effectively integrate precise imaging and targeted therapy, offering a promising strategy for advanced prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114667"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenting Lan , Jialong Zhao , Xuesong Zhai , Chenjie Gu , Tao Jiang , Jianyong Wang
{"title":"PCA-assisted direct diagnosis of Aβ proteins for Alzheimer's disease using non-metallic SERS platform of graphitic carbon nitride@metal-organic framework","authors":"Wenting Lan , Jialong Zhao , Xuesong Zhai , Chenjie Gu , Tao Jiang , Jianyong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Here, we explored a non-metallic surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform based on graphitic carbon nitride@metal-organic framework (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@MOF) for the sensitive direct diagnosis of Aβ proteins, assisted by principal component analysis (PCA). By systematically optimizing the deposition voltage and time, we successfully achieved a uniform coating of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanosheets over a large-area copper foil during the initial electrodeposition step. Subsequently, a homogeneous layer of flower-like MOF structures was deposited onto the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanosheets through a secondary electrodeposition process. This cooperation of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanosheets and flower-like MOF not only significantly enlarged the effective area for molecular enrichment but also promoted charge transfer through energy-level matching between the two materials. The characteristic SERS spectra of Aβ40 and Aβ42, enhanced by the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@MOF composite substrate, were recorded and classified using PCA to extract informative features of these important biomarkers. This research exploits a new avenue for the clinical assay of neurodegenerative diseases by extracting informative features of key biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114665"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongyao Tan , Wei Wang , Lingjuan Xu , Xiao Zhou , Jiachao Shen , Tianyu Zhou , Chengen Duan , Xuying Wang , Zibin Liu , Mingwu Wang , Guigang Li
{"title":"Decellularized human amniotic member hydrogel promotes limbal stem cells proliferation","authors":"Yongyao Tan , Wei Wang , Lingjuan Xu , Xiao Zhou , Jiachao Shen , Tianyu Zhou , Chengen Duan , Xuying Wang , Zibin Liu , Mingwu Wang , Guigang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allogeneic cultured limbal epithelial stem cell transplantation has shown variable clinical success in treating limbal stem cell deficiency, low success cases are likely due to insufficient stem cell quantity or functional impairment. In this study, we engineered a decellularized amniotic membrane hydrogel (dAM-gel) using a freeze-thaw protocol designed to retain extracellular matrix integrity. Post-processing, collagen content decreased modestly from 313.50 ± 27.89 μg/mg to 284.8 ± 14.82 μg/mg (<em>P</em> = 0.08), while glycosaminoglycan levels shifted from 7.20 ± 1.66 μg/mg to 6.28 ± 0.55 μg/mg (<em>P</em> = 0.27). Crucially, the protocol achieved near-complete DNA removal (7.41 ± 0.78 μg/mg vs. 0.14 ± 0.06 μg/mg) (<em>P</em> < 0.0001), ensuring minimal immunogenicity. Although the dAM-gel demonstrates limited gelation capacity at lower concentrations, it achieves robust gelation at 14 mg/ml, completing the process within 28.26 ± 1.21 minutes. Furthermore, dAM-gel facilitates the migration and proliferation of limbal stem cells, particularly p63 + cells, which are known to correlate with the success of clinical treatments. A plausible explanation for this phenomenon is that dAM-gel contains a high concentration of agrin, which facilitates the proliferation of limbal stem cells while preserving their stemness via the Yap1-cyclin D1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, dAM-gel derived from amniotic membrane presents therapeutic promise for treating limbal stem cell deficiency by enhancing the proliferation of limbal stem cells while maintaining their stem cell phenotype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114656"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurettin Sahiner , Olgun Guven , Sahin Demirci , Selin S. Suner , Mehtap Sahiner , Betul Ari , Mehmet Can
{"title":"Tannic acid-based bio-MOFs with antibacterial and antioxidant properties acquiring non-hemolytic and non-cytotoxic characteristics","authors":"Nurettin Sahiner , Olgun Guven , Sahin Demirci , Selin S. Suner , Mehtap Sahiner , Betul Ari , Mehmet Can","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tannic acid (TA) based bio-metal phenolic networks (bio-MPNs) were prepared by using Cu(II), Zn(II), Bi(III), Ce(III), La(III), and Ti(IV) metal ions. TA-based bio-MPNs exhibited wedge-shaped pores between 16.4 and 25.8 nm pore size ranges. The higher gravimetric yield% was achieved for TA-Bi(III), and TA-Ti(IV) bio-MPNs with more than 90 %, and higher surface area was observed for TA-La(IIII) bio-MPNs as 56.2 m<sup>2</sup>/g with 17.3 nm average pore sizes. All TA-based MPNs are non-hemolytic with less than 5 % hemolysis ratio, whereas TA-based Bio-MPNs do not affect blood clotting with > 90 % blood clotting indexes except for TA-Cu(II) Bio-MPNs at 0.1 mg/mL concentration. Moreover, TA-Bi(III) and TA-Ce(III) Bio-MPNs were found to be safer materials showing no significant toxicity on L929 fibroblast cells at 100 μg/mL concentration, along with TA-based Bio-MPNs prepared with Cu(II), Zn(II), La(III), and Ti(IV) metal ions that could be safely used in <em>in vivo</em> applications at 1 μg/mL concentration. It has been proven by 2 different antioxidant tests that the prepared TA-based Bio-MPNs show antioxidant properties even if their TA-derived antioxidant properties decrease. Furthermore, all types of TA-based Bio-MPNs show great antimicrobial activity depending on the metal ion or microorganism types and the highest antibacterial/antifungal effect was determined for TA-Cu(II), and TA-Zn(II) Bio-MPNs with the lowest MBC/MFC values against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> ATCC 10145, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> ATCC 6633, and <em>Candida albicans</em> ATCC 10231<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114669"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in biomimetic nanodelivery systems for the treatment of glioblastoma","authors":"Zhenru Yuan, Jing Li, Qi Na","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glioblastoma remain one of the deadliest malignant tumors in the central nervous system, largely due to their aggressiveness, high degree of heterogeneity, and the protective barrier of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Conventional therapies including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy often fail to improve patient prognosis due to limited drug penetration and non-specific toxicity. We then present recent advances in biomimetic nanodelivery systems, focusing on cell membrane coatings, nanoenzymes, and exosome-based carriers. By mimicking endogenous biological functions, these systems demonstrate improved immune evasion, enhanced BBB traversal, and selective drug release within the tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, we acknowledge unresolved bottlenecks related to large-scale production, stability, and the intricacies of regulatory compliance. Looking forward, we propose an interdisciplinary roadmap that combines materials engineering, cellular biology, and clinical expertise. Through this collaborative approach, this work aims to optimize biomimetic nanodelivery for glioma therapy and ultimately improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114668"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young-Min Kim , Hyeonseok Kim , Seong-Cheol Park , Mina Lee , Mi-Kyeong Jang
{"title":"Targeted drug delivery of cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles decorated with a VEGFR-binding peptide","authors":"Young-Min Kim , Hyeonseok Kim , Seong-Cheol Park , Mina Lee , Mi-Kyeong Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemotherapy is commonly used to manage cancer lesions, but its use is limited or has a high risk of failure due to the side effects of the drugs. The use of a drug delivery system can minimize the side effects of drugs and maximize their anticancer effects. This study investigated the potential of tumor cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEV) as drug delivery vehicles for doxorubicin (Dox). In addition, the decoration of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-targeting peptide on the sEV provided an enhance specific cancer cell-targeting effect <em>in vitro</em> or homing capacity <em>in vivo</em>. The extrusion method was effective in loading Dox and displaying targeting peptide. The effective Dox release was resulted under acidic condition, an endosome pH. The growth of tumor masses on MCF-7 xenografted mice were significantly inhibited by this drug delivery system. We believe that our results will provide useful information for the development of chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114661"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amit G. Rathod , Priyanka Tiwari , Jatin Shaily, Sanjay Tiwari
{"title":"Stabilizing effect of quercetin upon bovine serum albumin as a model protein","authors":"Amit G. Rathod , Priyanka Tiwari , Jatin Shaily, Sanjay Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quercetin (QCT), an emerging class of flavonoid known for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, has been studied for its protein stabilizing effect. After demonstrating ethanol (EtOH) - induced structural changes in bovine serum albumin (BSA), the stabilizing effect of QCT was studied using fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques. Morphological changes were examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM). EtOH triggered blue shift in fluorescence spectra of BSA and its intensity increased at higher percentage of alcohol. A reversal in this trend was recorded in the presence of QCT. This was interpreted as anti-amyloidogenic effect emanating from the binding of QCT to hydrophobic pockets of BSA. The value of binding constant (1.25 x 10<sup>6</sup> M<sup>−1</sup>; 298 K) is suggestive of strong binding affinity of QCT for BSA. The mode of QCT-induced fluorescence quenching was found to be mixed in nature. CD spectra showed that the protein conformation was altered and traces of alpha helix disappeared in the presence of EtOH. Contrarily, disruptive effect of EtOH was not visible upon incorporating QCT. This was further verifiable form the thermal CD data, which showed an upshift in the denaturation temperature of BSA. The data of thioflavin T assay and AFM further substantiated the protective effect of QCT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114663"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martyna Truszkowska , Elsa Reisenberger , Gergely Kali , Daniel Stengel , Ahmad Saleh , Anna Seybold , Tobias Kipura , Marcel Kwiatkowski , Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
{"title":"Exploring glutathione-decorated micelles for drug delivery: A promise for enhanced cellular uptake","authors":"Martyna Truszkowska , Elsa Reisenberger , Gergely Kali , Daniel Stengel , Ahmad Saleh , Anna Seybold , Tobias Kipura , Marcel Kwiatkowski , Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of thiolated micelles on the cellular uptake of their payload.</div><div>Reduced and oxidized glutathione were covalently attached to palmitic acid via amide bond formation. Micelles formed with these thiolated surfactants (M<sub>P-GSH</sub> and M<sub>P-GSSG-P</sub>) were evaluated regarding critical micellar concentration (CMC) and hemolytic activity. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on HEK 293 and HeLa cells. Diffusion of micelles in these cells was evaluated by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Furthermore, cellular uptake of micelles containing coumarin-6 as model drug was analyzed by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy.</div><div>CMC of M<sub>P-GSSG-P</sub>, M<sub>P-GSH</sub>, and palmitic acid micelles (M<sub>PA</sub>) was determined to be 0.455 mM, 0.166 mM, and 0.046 mM, respectively. At a concentration of 0.5 % M<sub>P-GSSG-P,</sub> M<sub>P-GSH</sub>, and M<sub>PA</sub> caused around 80 % hemolysis. In HEK cells, M<sub>P-GSSG-P</sub> exhibited toxicity at a concentration of 0.25 %, while M<sub>P-GSH</sub> showed toxicity at 0.06 % after 4 hours of incubation. In contrast, HeLa cells were more resilient, with only M<sub>P-GSH</sub> showing toxicity at 0.25 %. Diffusivity of M<sub>P-GSH</sub> and M<sub>P-GSSG-P</sub> within the cells was higher than that of M<sub>PA</sub>. Cellular uptake studies demonstrated a significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced internalization of M<sub>P-GSH</sub> and M<sub>P-GSSG-P</sub>, that was 112-fold and 270-fold higher in HEK 293 cells and 12-fold and 60-fold higher in HeLa cells when compared to M<sub>PA</sub>.</div><div>These findings suggest that M<sub>P-GSH</sub> and M<sub>P-GSSG-P</sub> could serve as promising vehicles for enhancing cellular uptake of drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114664"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanlan Yang , Yang Xiang , Pu Xu , Wenbo Zhang , Yawen Wang , Longbao Feng , Rong She
{"title":"Immuno-osteoinductive 3D printed hydrogel scaffolds with triple crosslinking and GA/EGCG release for bone healing","authors":"Yanlan Yang , Yang Xiang , Pu Xu , Wenbo Zhang , Yawen Wang , Longbao Feng , Rong She","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone defects, caused by trauma, osteomyelitis, or osteoporosis, represent a significant global health challenge in orthopedics. However, current bone repair strategies often neglect the critical role of the immune microenvironment, which can impede effective bone regeneration. To address this gap, we developed a 3D-printed triple crosslinked hydrogel scaffold incorporating slow-release glycopyrrolate (GA) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), that it could promote bone regeneration by modulating the immune response. We evaluated their immunomodulatory and bone-regenerative effects through in vitro cellular experiments and rat cranial defect models. Results demonstrated that these scaffolds effectively modulated the immune microenvironment, reducing inflammation while promoting osteoblast differentiation and proliferation, thereby significantly enhancing new bone formation and density. In conclusion, our novel 3D-printed hydrogel scaffold offers a promising approach to bone defect repair through its unique combination of mechanical strength, immunomodulation, and osteogenesis. This study provides valuable insights into leveraging immunomodulatory agents for enhanced bone regeneration, highlighting potential clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 114651"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}