Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces最新文献

{"title":"Carbon dots based nanozymes: Synthesis, structure, catalytic mechanisms and applications","authors":"Ziyue Liu ,&nbsp;Jingmin Wang ,&nbsp;Zifan Chen ,&nbsp;Yongzhong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanozymes, a class of artificial enzymes combining nanomaterial properties and catalytic functions, have garnered significant interest across multidisciplinary fields since their discovery. Among them, carbon dots (CDs), a carbon-based nanozyme with a size less than 10 nm, emerged as a promising biomedical nanozyme due to their stable fluorescence, excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, and versatile mimicry of natural enzyme activities. Recent advances of CDs with diverse enzyme-like activities in biomedical and biological detection fields has attracted widespread attention on their structure-property-application relationships. In this review, we first summarize the precursors and synthesis strategies of CDs, emphasizing the role of precursor selection in tailoring surface functional groups, and introducing the universality of hydrothermal methods. We conducted an in-depth analysis of the catalytic mechanism of CDs based-nanozymes, and discussed the relationship between their structural features (such as size, surface groups, doping, etc.) and different enzyme simulated activities. Furthermore, we systematically discuss the biomedical applications of CDs, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antitumor therapies, as well as their utility in biosensing and environmental detection. Finally, we address the current challenges and future prospects of CDs in nanomedicine, offering insights for the rational design and targeted applications of this emerging nanozyme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 115194"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating the biological response in vitro through hydrofluoric acid surface etching of ceria-stabilized zirconia/alumina/strontium hexa-aluminate composites","authors":"Ilaria Roato ,&nbsp;Alessandro Mosca Balma ,&nbsp;Clarissa Orrico ,&nbsp;Riccardo Pedraza ,&nbsp;Tullio Genova ,&nbsp;Maria Giulia Faga ,&nbsp;Elisa Fiume ,&nbsp;Bartolomeo Coppola ,&nbsp;Laura Montanaro ,&nbsp;Paola Palmero ,&nbsp;Federico Mussano","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ceria-stabilized Zirconia/Alumina/Strontium hexa-Aluminate composites are promising candidates as metal-free dental implants. Isostatic pressed and sintered Ce₁₁ZA₈Sr₈ composites were prepared as regular disks starting from powders with composition 84 vol% ceria-stabilized zirconia (at 11 mol% ceria), 8 vol% α-Al₂O₃ and 8 vol% SrAl₁₂O₁₉ and they were either exposed to increasing etching treatment time (1 h, 2 h, 3 h) with hydrofluoric acid, or kept as a control, to determine the biological response elicited in human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ASCs), oral epithelial cells (SGs), and oral primary fibroblasts (PFs) cultured in vitro. FESEM microscopy and surface roughness assessment evidenced qualitatively and quantitatively an increasing roughness according to the etching time. Surface free energy was increased on roughened surfaces. The three cell types responded differently in terms of immediate adhesion (20 min), cell morphology (24 h), and proliferation up to 3 days. ASCs grew slowly, while SGs proliferated increasingly on all the surfaces, and PFs grew significantly more on the non-etched surface than on the etched surfaces (second and third day). ASCs were osteodifferentiated up to 4 weeks, studying gene expression and osteocalcin release. The interface characteristics of Ce₁₁ZA₈Sr₈ composites could be exploited to modulate cell response in vitro, with promising results for future in vivo application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 115195"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding fibrotic encapsulation in plastic surgery implants: From biological mechanisms to precision interventions frontiers","authors":"Jiaqi Liu ,&nbsp;Biqing Chen ,&nbsp;Ik Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitigating fibrotic encapsulation around implants is critical to ensuring the long-term success of implant-based procedures in plastic surgery. Fibrous capsule formation is a pathological foreign body reaction (FBR) that not only causes capsular contracture and implant failure but also creates a permissive microenvironment for bacterial colonization, thereby increasing the risk of infection. These adverse outcomes may ultimately necessitate implant removal or replacement, significantly compromising surgical results and patient satisfaction. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying capsule formation and the development of effective preventive strategies is essential for improving clinical outcomes. This review summarizes current insights into the pathogenesis of plastic surgery implant-associated capsule formation and systematically examines recent advances in intervention strategies. These approaches span four key domains: surface modification of implant materials, pharmacological interventions, bioactive therapies, and intraoperative optimizations and postoperative adjunctive measures. Special emphasis is placed on emerging technologies, novel biomaterials, and therapeutic targets, highlighting their potential in developing innovative solutions. Despite encouraging progress, significant challenges remain in terms of mechanistic clarity, clinical translation, and personalized treatment. Finally, the review proposes future directions focused on interdisciplinary integration, the development of precision therapeutic strategies, and long-term clinical validation—aiming to facilitate personalized and effective prevention of fibrotic encapsulation in plastic surgery implants and to support their widespread clinical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 115191"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoupling surface stiffness from surface chemistry: Impact on bacterial adhesion and retention under shear conditions","authors":"Cédric Jaffry ,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Chebil ,&nbsp;Sophie Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Flore Caudal ,&nbsp;Rémi Mérindol ,&nbsp;Myriam Georges ,&nbsp;Eric Balnois ,&nbsp;Karine Vallée ,&nbsp;Guillaume Vignaud","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how substrate mechanics influence bacterial adhesion and retention is essential for controlling biofilm formation on synthetic materials. Studies on soft polymers such as PDMS are often confounded by uncontrolled variations in surface chemistry and topography. In this work, a PS-PIB bilayer system was designed to decouple surface chemistry from mechanics, enabling independent control of stiffness while maintaining constant surface properties. Static adhesion assays with <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> PAO1 showed that initial attachment was insensitive to substrate modulus when surface chemistry and roughness were held constant. In contrast, retention under shear flow decreased with increasing stiffness and correlated more closely with the work of separation obtained from nanoindentation experiments. This parameter, which integrates both adhesive and dissipative contributions, is introduced as an empirical descriptor of interfacial mechanical resistance. Retention data were described by a power-law model consistent with stochastic frameworks of multivalent adhesion, reflecting population heterogeneity in the number and strength of adhesive contacts. Altogether, these findings suggest that viscoelastic dissipation is a key factor influencing <em>P. aeruginosa</em> PAO1 detachment under flow and highlight the need for future studies using bacterial mutants and diverse species to assess the generality of this correlation across different adhesion strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 115198"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD44-targeted NLCs improve trans-resveratrol in vitro cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in high-grade glioma cells.","authors":"Allana Carolina Leme de Almeida ,&nbsp;Leonardo Delello Di Filippo ,&nbsp;Mariana Conceição ,&nbsp;Giovanna Capaldi Fortunato ,&nbsp;Marcela Tavares Luiz ,&nbsp;Júlia Garcia Guimarães ,&nbsp;Jonatas Lobato Duarte ,&nbsp;Marlus Chorilli","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-grade gliomas are aggressive brain tumors associated with poor prognosis and a short median survival. Despite a multi-modal therapy, including surgical resection, and adjuvant radio and chemotherapy, few advances were achieved in the clinics. The urgent need for new therapeutic strategies to treat brain tumor has driven the development of innovative drug delivery technologies such as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). NLCs have demonstrated significant potential in cancer therapy, particularly due to improvements in the delivery of poorly soluble drugs, with promising anti-tumor potential, such as the polyphenol <em>trans</em>-resveratrol (RSV). This study aimed to develop and evaluate the <em>in vitro</em> biological properties of NLCs loaded with RSV and functionalized with hyaluronic acid (HA) for targeted delivery to CD-44-expressing glioma cells. NLCs were produced using the fusion-emulsification technique followed by sonication, and NLC-RSVs were functionalized with HA through physicochemical adsorption. NLCs were characterized in terms of hydrodynamic diameter, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential, and further analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and the <em>in vitro</em> drug release profile were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cytotoxicity was assessed in C6 glioma cells using the resazurin reduction assay. The NLC-RSV formulations exhibited an average size of 160.5 nm, a PDI of 0.36, and a zeta potential of + 21.85 mV. Functionalization was performed using HA at 0.5 mg/mL in a 2:1 (v/v) HA:NLC ratio. The EE% of the HA-NLC-RSV formulation was 88.98 ± 0.55 %. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of HA and indicated successful interaction of HA with the lipid matrix. DSC data suggested that RSV was effectively encapsulated and protected within the lipid matrix. The <em>in vitro</em> release study revealed that HA functionalization provided a slower and more controlled drug release. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that HA functionalization enhanced the antiproliferative effect, with the RSV-HA-NLC formulation displaying the most potent effect. This finding was supported by increased cellular uptake of HA-NLCs in C6 cells. These results indicate that HA-functionalized NLCs represent a promising strategy to improve the solubility and targeted delivery of poorly soluble drugs such as RSV. By enabling more effective delivery of RSV to glioma cells, this approach may help advance our understanding of RSV’s biological effects in cancer and encourage further investigation of their biological properties using <em>in vivo</em> models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 115189"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometrial regenerative cell exosome-derived Sirtuin 6 alleviates ulcerative colitis by remodeling macrophage polarization","authors":"Xu Liu ,&nbsp;Tong Liu ,&nbsp;Cheng-lu Sun ,&nbsp;Bo Shao ,&nbsp;Yi-yi Xiao ,&nbsp;Yi-cheng Li ,&nbsp;Hong-da Wang ,&nbsp;Peng-yu Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiang Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Macrophage dysregulation is a feature of ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Exosomes generated from endometrial regenerative cells (ERCs) (ERC-Exos) may influence the immunological dysfunction associated with IBD. In immunological diseases, Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) reduces NF-κB signalling due to its protective benefits. Building on these findings, this study investigates the function and mechanism of SIRT6 derived from ERC-Exos in mediating the relief of UC. Lentiviral transduction was used to achieve SIRT6-specific knockdown ERC-Exos (SIRT6-KD-ERC-Exos). Dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice was categorized into untreated (PBS control), ERC-Exo-treated, and SIRT6-KD-ERC-Exo-treated groups. Compared with the untreated group, ERC-Exo treatment significantly alleviated UC-caused weight loss, bloody stools, shortening of colon length, and pathological damage. Additionally, serum cytokine levels of IL-10 and TGF-β were increased, while IL-6 and TNF-α levels were decreased. Both in the spleen and the mesenteric lymph nodes, we discovered that ERC-Exos increased M2 macrophage polarisation and decreased M1 polarisation. However, when SIRT6 was knocked down in ERC-Exos, the protective effects were compromised. Additionally, SIRT6 in ERC-Exos reduced the number of M1-polarized macrophages by blocking the NF-κB signalling pathway. This research identifies exosomal SIRT6 derived from ERCs as a potent target for modulating macrophage polarization, underscoring a promising acellular therapeutic approach for inflammatory bowel disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 115196"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fe-Mn-IGF-AMD nanoparticles in accurate detection and treatment of liver cirrhosis via regulating relaxation coefficients and attenuating hepatocyte senescence.","authors":"Baihe Wang, Tingting Ji, Zihao Zhang, Yuyao Duan, Zhiqun Xing, Jiazhi Duan, Songbo Zhao, Yang Jia, Qian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The working mechanism of anti-liver fibrosis medications is not fully understood, and we aimed to determine the effect of a novel nanotechnology-based delivery system by loading IGF-1 and AMD3100 onto Fe₃O₄ and MnO₂ based drug carriers, forming Fe₃O₄-MnO₂-IGF-1-AMD3100 nanoparticles (Fe-Mn-IGF-AMD NPs) on the treatment and detection of liver fibrosis. From an in vitro perspective, Fe-Mn-IGF-AMD NPs showed appropriate mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. In vivo, during the progression of liver cirrhosis, the Fe-Mn-IGF-AMD NP group exhibited favorable imaging capabilities and demonstrated significant anti-fibrotic effects, including inhibition of collagen deposition, suppression of hepatic stellate cell activation, attenuation of hepatocyte senescence, and reduction of reactive oxygen species, as confirmed by histological analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting. Accurate detection and satisfied treatment of liver cirrhosis were achieved in the Fe-Mn-IGF-AMD NP group.</p>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"115182"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polynorepinephrine nanoagent enables targeted mitochondrial delivery for enhanced tumor therapy through ferroptosis","authors":"Bolin Lyu ,&nbsp;Jinzhu Chen ,&nbsp;Hairong Jiang ,&nbsp;Binbin Cui ,&nbsp;Xinxin Liu ,&nbsp;Xiuming Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinrui Long ,&nbsp;Zhou Chen ,&nbsp;Yanan Sun ,&nbsp;Dongtao Ge ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Li ,&nbsp;Wei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current drug delivery systems based on ferroptosis, which induce oxidative stress, are generally limited by the random generation and distribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) without targeted delivery in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. To address this issue, mitochondria were identified as ideal targets for anti-tumor treatment to enhance ROS attacks through the precise delivery of nanoagents. In this study, we developed a nanoagent named PNE-PEG-TPP-Fe by chelating triphenylphosphine (TPP)-modified polynorepinephrine (PNE) with Fe^2 + . This nanoagent significantly enhanced ferroptosis of tumor cells by mitochondria targeting and increasing H₂O₂ concentration in mitochondria. Specifically, the lipophilic cationic TPP facilitates the nanoparticle translocation across both the cellular and mitochondrial membranes, enabling precise accumulation within the mitochondria. The PNE carrier can generate H₂O₂ and improve H₂O₂ level in mitochondria by catechol oxidation. Moreover, this nanoagent induces an excessive influx of Fe²⁺ into mitochondria, generating a substantial amount of ·OH by Fenton reaction, which can attack the mitochondrial membrane, disrupt the ferroptosis defense system in mitochondria, and enhance lipid peroxides generation and accumulation. This study underscores the potential benefits of selectively targeting mitochondria to enhance anti-cancer effects mediated by ferroptosis and has valuable prospect for anti-tumor therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 115193"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the porosity of the palladium shell in Au-core Pd-shell bimetallic nanoparticles for the radiosensitizing properties in simulated anticancer proton radiotherapy","authors":"Bartosz Klebowski ,&nbsp;Adrianna Gałuszka-Bulaga ,&nbsp;Marcin Strawski ,&nbsp;Jan Jakub Kęsik ,&nbsp;Jarek Baran ,&nbsp;Joanna Depciuch","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combination of radiotherapy and metallic nanoparticles (NPs) turns out to be a promising option for cancer treatment. Currently, proton radiotherapy (PRT) is becoming more and more popular. Compared to classic X-ray radiotherapy, PRT is characterized by similar treatment effectiveness while minimizing off-target effect. The purpose of this study was to synthesize and evaluate two types of bimetallic gold-palladium nanoparticles (AuPd NPs), that differ in the porosity of the palladium shell (non-porous AuPd CSs – core-shells and porous AuPd NRs – nanoraspberries), as radiosensitizers to improve the efficiency of proton irradiation. Importantly, both types of crystalline AuPd NPs had a similar shape (spherical) and size (⁓ 20 nm). The results of <em>in vitro</em> cell viability tests indicated similar cytotoxicity of both types of AuPd NPs towards selected cancer cell lines, as well as promising radiosensitizing potential in simulated PRT, especially for porous AuPd NRs. Moreover, holotomographic microscopy analysis showed that AuPd NPs at a low concentration of 75 μg/ml cause in culture detachment of low-aggressive SW480 colon cancer cells, but do not affect growth of aggressive HCT116 cancer cells and normal CRL-1790 epithelial cells <em>in vitro</em>. These results can open new perspectives on the further applications of NPs as radiosensitizers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 115192"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145249132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triggered ROS cyclic responsive silicon nanowire arrays for gene transfection of stem cells","authors":"Yanyan Wang,&nbsp;Liping Zhang,&nbsp;Shengxuan Xu,&nbsp;Shuangling Liu,&nbsp;Wenxin Qiu,&nbsp;Hongwei Wang,&nbsp;Lin Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The central challenge in gene delivery systems lies in achieving efficient intracellular delivery of plasmids and sustained release. In this study, a cyclic reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive gene delivery platform based on silicon nanowire arrays (SN) was developed. The high-density positive charged polyethylenimine (PEI) polymers were covalently grafted onto the SN surface, allowing for electrostatic adsorption of both plasmid DNA and trans-cinnamaldehyde precursor (TAC). When cells are co-cultured on this material, the needle-like nanostructures of SN would penetrate the cell membrane through physical effect, efficiently delivering the loaded plasmids into stem cells. The release mechanism of this system was based on an ROS-triggered cascade response, TAC oxidized by ROS to generate cinnamaldehyde, and then induced mitochondrial oxidative stress to promote cascade production of more ROS. This triggered the dissociation of SN-grafted PEI from the nanowires, enabling sustained plasmid release. In vitro release assays showed that the treatment of 1 mM H₂O₂ (exogenous ROS stimulant) for only 10 min induced 79 % plasmid release from SN surfaces. For cells that are difficult to be transfected, such as mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), this platform exhibited excellent transfection efficiencies of 94 % and 74 %, respectively, while maintaining good cytocompatibility. This study developed an SN-based ROS-responsive gene delivery platform, achieving efficient plasmid delivery and sustained release via synergistic physical penetration and biochemical-responsiveness. It provides a solution with important application value for gene transfection in hard-to-transfect stem cells and demonstrates promising translational potential in the fields of gene therapy and regenerative medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":279,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 115187"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}