Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Glomerular Herniation in Toxemia of Pregnancy before 18 Weeks Gestation","authors":"Researc H Article, Nicole Cumbo, Kylie Oppegaard, N. Aikman, Supreet Kaur, Julian Dupont, Suhas Patel, Arif Asif, Tushar Vachharajani, S. Mehandru, Aisha Masud, Jonathan McNamara, Prit Paul Singh, Walid Abboud","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.08.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.08.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Presentation of preeclampsia before 18 weeks is rare. We present a case of severe preeclampsia manifesting at 18 weeks gestation, notable with concurrent renal and optic changes. Beyond the typical kidney histological features of toxemia of pregnancy, the kidney biopsy revealed a distinctive histopathological finding-herniation of the glomerular tuft into the proximal tubule. This finding is rare with only a few cases reported in the literature. We present our findings for the early identification of preeclampsia. Additionally, our case exhibited severe retinal edema on fundoscopy, also offering a potential avenue for improving early detection. These insights are crucial for further exploration and understanding of these unique aspects of early preeclampsia just prior to retinal detachment.","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"186 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140456073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Pregnancy Transvaginal Double Cervico-Isthmic Cerclage To Treat Women With Previous Conventional Failed Cerclage For Cervical Insufficiency: A Novel Modification of Treatment","authors":"Ricardo Barini, I. Machado","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.08.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.08.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To report pregnancy outcome following a pre-pregnancy transvaginal cervico-isthmic cerclage using a double non-absorbable synthetic polyester thread in a population of high-risk pregnant women. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study with a continuous series of 76 women presenting with at least one prior prophylactic failure of McDonald cerclage and submitted a pre-gestational transvaginal cervico-isthmic cerclage by the same surgical team between 2010 and 2019. The pregnancy outcome was analyzed for the first subsequent pregnancy of 64 women. The main outcome measure was the overall survival rate. Results: The median age of the patients was 30 years (SD 4.9; range 19-45 years). No intra-operative complication occurred. The median operating time was 39.8 minutes (range 35.5-55.8 min). Cesarean delivery was systematically performed in all patients. The mean gestational age at delivery was 35.5 weeks (SD 5.67; range 16-39 weeks), term birth rate (≥37 weeks) was 64.1%; 84.4% of babies were delivered at ≥34.0 weeks gestation. The overall neonatal survival rate was 94%. Conclusion: The pre-conceptional transvaginal cervico-isthimic cerclage here described as Shirodkar-Barini surgery is safe and results in high percentage of live born babies and low prematurity rate on the following pregnancy, in the patients with heavy obstetrics past suggestive of cervical incompetence and previous prophylactic McDonald’s failure","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"33 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140460014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rate of Epidural Analgesia in Labor with Maternal And Neonatal Outcome at Tertiary Hospital in Oman","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.08.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.08.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The primary objective is to determine the epidural analgesia rate and its effect on the mode of delivery. The secondary objectives are to assess patient satisfaction, duration of second stage of labour and incidence of maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes. Methods: A retrospective cohort design utilized in this study, involving all pregnant women received epidural analgesia in labour at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital over 3 years period (March 2020 to March 2023). All data is collected from the delivery register at Delivery ward, SQUH track care system, and epidural record chart. Women’s information remained confidential. All entered data in the SPSS program is stored in a passwordprotected computer. Results: There was a total of 7076 deliveries, out of which 389 received epidural analgesia, with a rate of 5.0% (95% CI: 5.0 – 6.0). Out of 389 deliveries, around half were nulliparous and the other half were multiparous. The rate of spontaneous vaginal delivery constituted 60.7%. On the other hand, instrumental deliveries and LSCS constituted 14.9% and 24.4% respectively. The median and mean (±SD) period of 2nd stage were 24.0 and 38.3±40.1. Only 1% of all included patients had prolonged second stage of labor. The rate of oxytocin use was 54.5%, and around 52.4% of it was among nulliparous. 148 patients (52.5% ) reported full benefit from epidural analgesia use, compared to 6% who reported no benefit. In addition, 12.7% of CTG showed fetal distress and postpartum hemorrhage constituted 6.7% among delivered ladies. The study showed that 10.0% of included ladies suffered one or more of post-partum complications, including fever (n 13, 3.3%), headache (n 10, 2.6%), backache (n 3, 0.8%), hypotension (n 9, 2.3%), urine retention (n 3, 0.8%), pruritus (n 1, 0.3%), and nausea and vomiting (n 1, 0.3%). 6.2% was the rate of NICU admissions among the newborns. Conclusions: The study revealed that 5% was the rate of epidural analgesia usage and spontaneous vaginal delivery was the main mode of delivery. However, the indications for delivery by cesarean section or instruments were not related to epidural analgesia in labour. In addition, there was no significant adverse effect on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcome. Based on that, we need to elaborate more on epidural analgesia awareness and usage in order to be offered. Although some previous reviewed studies reported adverse effects of epidural analgesia on labour outcome. Future researches are recommended including prospective design study, bigger sample size, wider variation and multicenter studies.","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Fc Receptor Expression In Sea Urchin Spermatozoa By Platelet-Activating Factor","authors":"Researc H Article, Nicole Russell, W. Roudebush","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.08.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.08.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a signaling phospholipid that has a variety of reproductive roles, e.g. sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction (an exocytotic process). PAF’s mechanism action involves G-protein receptor activation induction of intracellular calcium, which enhances sperm motility. In nonreproductive cells, the Fc receptor (FcR) functions in ligand-triggered transmission signals across the membrane which alters secretion, exocytosis, and increased intracellular calcium. This study looked at the impact of PAF on FcR expression in sea urchin spermatozoa. Sea urchin sperm were exposed to exogenous PAF (10-7M; 15 minutes) and evaluated for FcR activity via flow cytometry. A significant (P=0.01) difference (64.30%) in FcR wave activity between the PAF (mean 3.286) and control (2.0) groups was observed. Within waves, there were more (83.31%) high points (crests) in the PAF (mean 1.571) group than the control (mean 0.857) group. Similarly, there were more (49.96%) low (troughs) points in the PAF (mean 1.714) group than the control (mean 1.143) group. This is the first report to demonstrate a relative positive change in spermatozoa FcR expression when exposed to PAF. The FcR functions in ligand-triggered transmission of PAF via a G-protein coupled receptor mediated pathway leading to physiological alterations. Provided the known mechanism of action of PAF on spermatozoa physiology, the data suggests that the interaction of PAF and FcR play a pivotal role in sperm activity and fertilization potential.","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"66 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140505388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden And Determinants of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Rural Healthcare Centers in The Ada West District of Ghana","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Anaemia during pregnancy is known to be a major contributor to maternal and neonatal morbidity, therefore affecting most pregnant women especially those in developing countries. Preventable causes such as poor maternal nutrition and infections causes severe complications in maternal and neonatal health. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the burden and determinants of anaemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at rural facilities in the Ada West District of Ghana. Methodology: The study was quantitative and employed a cross-sectional study design. A simple random sampling technique was applied to enlist respondents (n=345). Data was collected with the aid of validated and structured questions and was administered one on one with respondents. Data gathered were analysed with the (STATA version 17). Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted on the data collected and findings were depicted graphically and on tables. In the bivariate and multivariate models, an alpha value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant between the dependent and independent variables. Results: The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women was 51.0%. Unemployment and travelling long distances (>5km) were associated with anaemia. Again, late initiation to antenatal care, third trimester of pregnancy, and birth spacing of less than four years in addition to malaria parasite infection significantly contributed to anaemia. However, sleeping under insecticide-treated nets protected pregnant women from anaemia. Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of anaemia was high and factors such as unemployment, long distance to a health facility, late initiation of antenatal care, third trimester in pregnancy, and birth spacing less than a year, in addition to malaria parasite infection significantly predicted anaemia among pregnant women. Health education through mass media and during antenatal care clinics by health care practitioners would help reduce the occurrence of anaemia among pregnant women. Regular antenatal visits and testing of malaria parasite infection for pregnant women would also be beneficial in reducing the occurrence of anaemia. Further investigations are recommended to explore pregnant women's knowledge of anaemia and associated burden in the district.","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116019611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk-Reducing Salpingectomy And Other Strategies For Prevention Of Ovarian And Tubal Carcinoma","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To provide a review of most current evidence and data for risk-reducing strategies used in prevention of ovarian cancer. Methods of study selection: PubMed was used as a search tool for articles with key words focusing on current strategies on prevention of ovarian cancer such as “risk-reducing salpingectomy, “risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy, “salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy”. General consensus and society guidelines from leading organizations such as Society of Gynecologic Oncology, American Cancer Society, and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists were reviewed and summarized in this review article with supporting evidence and research studies on most current riskreduction strategies for prevention of ovarian and tubal carcinoma. Result: There is growing evidence that high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma arises in the fallopian tube in the form of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). Therefore, opportunistic salpingectomy has been increasingly offered at the time of routine benign gynecologic surgery. Risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy has been shown to reduce risk of ovarian cancer up to 90% and offered to women with high hereditary predisposition for ovarian cancer. Riskreducing salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy (SDO) has been suggested in younger women to balance the effects of infertility and surgically induced menopause resulting from oophorectomy. Conclusion: Combined oral Contraceptive COCs confer long-term protection against ovarian cancer with reported 20% reduction for every 5 years of use, which have been cited as a confounding factor in most of the published studies. Women who used HRT (estrogen alone or combined estrogen and progesterone) carry 20% higher risk of ovarian cancer compared to never-users. The associated increased risk of cervical and breast cancer with COCs/HTR use, have recently let women prefer the RRSO over COCs for prevention of ovarian cancer. Bilateral risk reducing Salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) at the age of 40–45 in BRCA1 and 45–50 in BRCA2 mutation carriers is recommended to be the primary approach for risk reduction of ovarian cancer. There is well-supported evidence of lowering the risk of ovarian cancer in high-risk population by 90%. The American college of obstetrics and gynecology committee opinion, recommended opportunistic salpingectomy for the primary prevention of ovarian cancer in a woman already undergoing pelvic surgery for another indication. Bilateral salpingectomy at the time of cesarean delivery is recommended to replace the tubal ligation as the method of choice for sterilization performed with cesarean delivery. The novel alternative procedure of Risk-reducing Salpingectomy with delayed risk-reducing oophorectomy (RRSO-RRO) have growing attention as a better alternative to improve the menopause-related morbidity and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133858533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Knowledge Level, Awareness, Risk Factors and Preventive practices of Patients Regarding Ckd in Northern Ghana","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major global health problem. CKD is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus and hypertension and carries a risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and usually progress to end-stage kidney disease. Objectives: The main objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, awareness and prevalence of chronic kidney disease among patients seeking healthcare at the Tamale Central Hospital Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out and a total of 260 respondents were selected by a systematic random sampling method and structured questionnaire were used to collect data from the respondent. Consent was sought from each selected participant, privacy and confidentiality was observed during the data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Results: Findings from this study discovered that, 96 (36.9%) of the respondents were between 25-30 years of age. Majority, 165 (63.5%) of the respondents were females, whiles 217 (83.5%) of the respondents have heard about chronic kidney disease. Regarding the source of information, majority 92 (35.4%) of the respondents heard about chronic kidney disease from healthcare workers. Majority, 212 (81.5%) of the respondents admitted it’s true that chronic kidney disease is a reduction in its ability to remove waste, 240 (92.3%) said its true chronic kidney disease means an infection of the kidney, 229 (88.1%) said its true chronic kidney disease means damage to the kidney. About 198 (76.2%) of the respondents believed drinking too little water can results in chronic kidney disease, almost all, 247 (95.0%) of the respondnets believe smoking can result into chronic kidney disease, also, majority 209 (80.4%) of the respondents believe untreated hypertension can result in CKD. Conclusion: The research question what is the knowledge level, awareness, risk factors and preventive practices of patients regarding CKD, was answered as the findings above speak to these questions. The burden of CKD remains serious and unacceptably high, appropriate preventive measures should be implemented to reduce kidney disease in Ghana and it is suggested that future research should look at a qualitative research method in order to spell out a lot of the information that respondents in this study were not able to give in detail due to the restrictions on the questionnaire used. A future study could seek to include more than one healthcare facility and increase the sample size.","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"94 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128864424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caesarean Section Scar Ectopic Pregnancy: A Case Report","authors":"Case Report, Dr. Khuloud Ajaj, Dr. Laila Benhamida, Dr. Najwa Eljabu, Dr. Abeer Ben Younes","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background Cesarean section scar ectopic pregnancy is recognized rare pregnancy complication which occurring in the myometrium of a previous scar of cesarean delivery with estimated rate one in 2000 pregnancies. Various management modalities for CSEP depend on the case presentation ranges from expectant or conservative management, medically with methotrexate, or surgical excision by hysteroscopy or laparoscopy or laparotomy, vacuum aspiration can be used to remove the ectopic scar. Methods And Patient A case report of caesarean section scar ectopic pregnancy presented at obstetrics and gynecology department in Tripoli university hospital on 5th September 2022, which experience profuse vaginal bleeding, drowsy, pallor her hemoglobin concentration was 7.6 g/dl and Beta HCG at admission was 5664 mIU/ml with history of insufficient antenatal care compliance on current pregnancy that confused the diagnosis of CSSEP for incomplete abortion. The patient undergone individual management and follow up till became significantly heath condition improved either clinically or laboratory Comments The cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy is considered as a rare type of ectopic pregnancy with difficult diagnosis and individual management according to health situation at presentation. Therefore, early recognition and proper assessment of CSEP is critical to achieve adequate management and to reduce related maternal morbidity and mortality","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132502418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Villar’s Nodule with Multifocal Endometriosis: Case Report","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Umbilical endometriosis which was first described by Villar in 1886 is a rare clinical entity with a frequency of only 0.5-1%. The overall prevalence rate of endometriosis among women in their reproductive age is put at 5-10%. This is a descriptive presentation of a Villar’s nodule with concurrent multifocal presentations paradoxically affecting the pelvic structures and the peritoneal wall in a patient with no prior history of a diagnosis or treatment for endometriosis. It is worth considering of the diagnosis in any given patient with nodules, cysts, bleeding and pelvic and/or abdominal pain in order to overcome the delayed and/or under diagnosis of the entity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever reported enigmatic case from Ethiopia. It is intended to highlight aspects of issues pertaining to endometriosis and amplify its importance for academicians and practicing physicians in Ethiopia as an increasingly interesting phenomenon; and finally, to contribute to the world literature from our geographic location.","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"360 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122478691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenomyosis: In-Vitro Fertilization Does Not Improve Pregnancy Outcome as Compared to Conventional Infertility Treatment","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Adenomyosis is a benign invasion of endometrial glands and stroma into the uterine myometrium. [1, 2]. It can present with heavy and painful menstrual bleeding or be asymptomatic [2-4]. Over last three decades the diagnosis of adenomyosis has been feasible after the introduction of MRI and 3D-TVS. Although there are no international consensus on the diagnostic criteria for adenomyosis with either ultrasound or MRI, the Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) consensus statement provides several important ultrasounds features for diagnosis of adenomyosis [5-8]. Heterogeneous and hypoechogenic areas in the myometrium, areas with or without anechoic lacunae or cysts of varying size, linear striation radiating out from the endometrium into the myometrium, poor definition of the junctional zone (JZ), and pseudo-widening of the endometrium (enlargement of uterus with asymmetric thickening of the anterior or posterior walls).","PeriodicalId":278014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130117858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}