Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic)最新文献_第3页

Fire in the Belly? Employee Motives and Innovative Performance in Startups Versus Established Firms 肚子里的火?创业公司与成熟公司的员工动机与创新绩效

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-06-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2207715

Henry Sauermann

{"title":"Fire in the Belly? Employee Motives and Innovative Performance in Startups Versus Established Firms","authors":"Henry Sauermann","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2207715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2207715","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars have long sought to understand the advantages different types of firms may have in generating innovation. A popular notion is that startup companies are able to attract employees with “fire in the belly,” allowing them to be more productive. Yet research has paid little attention to the motives and incentives of startup employees. This paper compares startup employees’ pecuniary and non-pecuniary motives with those of employees working in small and large established firms and examines the extent to which existing differences in motives distinguish employees’ innovative performance. Using data on over 10,000 U.S. R&D employees, we find significant differences across firm types with respect to motives, although these differences are more nuanced than commonly thought. We also observe that startup employees have higher patent output, an effect that is associated primarily with firm age, not size. Moreover, we find evidence that differences in employee motives may indeed be an important factor distinguishing the innovative performance in startups versus established firms. Rather than intrinsic motives or the quest for money, however, it is employees’ willingness to bear risk that appears to play the most important role. We discuss implications for future research as well as for entrepreneurs, managers, and policy makers.","PeriodicalId":276603,"journal":{"name":"Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132170600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Policy Lessons from Financing Innovative Firms 为创新型企业融资的政策教训

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-06-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2626741

Karen E. Wilson

引用次数: 46

Individual Time Preferences and Energy Efficiency 个人时间偏好和能源效率

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-02-01 DOI: 10.1257/AER.P20151010

R. Newell, J. Siikamäki

引用次数: 131

Informality and Development 非正式与发展

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-06-01 DOI: 10.1257/JEP.28.3.109

R. La Porta, Andrei Shleifer

{"title":"Informality and Development","authors":"R. La Porta, Andrei Shleifer","doi":"10.1257/JEP.28.3.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/JEP.28.3.109","url":null,"abstract":"In developing countries, informal firms account for up to half of economic activity. They provide livelihood for billions of people. Yet their role in economic development remains controversial. Some, like Hernando De Soto (1989, 2000), see informal firms as an untapped reservoir of entrepreneurial energy, held back by government regulations. In this view, unleashing this energy by reducing entry regulations or improving property rights would fuel growth and development. Others, like Levy (2008), take a more cynical view, stressing the advantages enjoyed by informal firms and workers from avoiding taxes and regulations. A report from the McKinsey Global Institute describes informal firms as parasites competing unfairly with law-abiding formal firms (Farrell 2004). In this view, informality should be suppressed, not unleashed. Still others follow the development tradition of Lewis (1954), Harris and Todaro (1970), and more recently Rauch (1991) and see informality as a byproduct of poverty. From this dual perspective, formal and informal firms are fundamentally different. Productive formal entrepreneurs pay taxes and bear the cost of government regulation to reach new customers, raise capital, and access public goods. These entrepreneurs are often educated and find it more profitable to run bigger formal firms rather than the smaller informal ones. In contrast, informal entrepreneurs are typically uneducated and unproductive, and they run small businesses producing low-quality products for low-income customers using little capital and","PeriodicalId":276603,"journal":{"name":"Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124389356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 983

Averting Catastrophes: The Strange Economics of Scylla and Charybdis 避免灾难:锡拉和卡瑞布狄斯的奇怪经济

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-06-01 DOI: 10.1257/AER.20140806

Ian Martin, R. Pindyck

引用次数: 108

The Nature and Incidence of Software Piracy: Evidence from Windows 软件盗版的性质和发生率:来自Windows的证据

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.3386/W19755

S. Athey, Scott Stern

{"title":"The Nature and Incidence of Software Piracy: Evidence from Windows","authors":"S. Athey, Scott Stern","doi":"10.3386/W19755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W19755","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the nature, relative incidence and drivers of software piracy. In contrast to prior studies, we analyze data that allows us to measure piracy for a specific product - Windows 7 - which was associated with a significant level of private sector investment. Using anonymized telemetry data, we are able to characterize the ways in which piracy occurs, the relative incidence of piracy across different economic and institutional environments, and the impact of enforcement efforts on choices to install pirated versus paid software. We find that: (a) the vast majority of \"retail piracy\" can be attributed to a small number of widely distributed \"hacks\" that are available through the Internet, (b) the incidence of piracy varies significantly with the microeconomic and institutional environment, and (c) software piracy primarily focuses on the most \"advanced\" version of Windows (Windows Ultimate). After controlling for a small number of measures of institutional quality and broadband infrastructure, one important candidate driver of piracy - GDP per capita - has no significant impact on the observed piracy rate, while the innovation orientation of an economy is associated with a lower rate of piracy. Finally, we are able to evaluate how piracy changes in response to country-specific anti-piracy enforcement efforts against specific peer-to-peer websites; overall, we find no systematic evidence that such enforcement efforts have had an impact on the incidence of software piracy.","PeriodicalId":276603,"journal":{"name":"Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic)","volume":"10 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133223470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Information Lost (Apologies to Milton) 信息丢失(向弥尔顿道歉)

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.3386/W19526

C. Mann

{"title":"Information Lost (Apologies to Milton)","authors":"C. Mann","doi":"10.3386/W19526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W19526","url":null,"abstract":"Vast amounts of information result from business and consumer search, communication, and transactions. All this information can enhance market efficiency and consumer surplus as firms tailor products to buyers. But, there is increased risk of information loss. What issues should be on the Digital Agenda with regard to information loss, and what data are available to inform and generate incentives for consumer, business, and policy interactions in the information marketplace? This paper reviews the situation and points out where we need more thought and more data. Topics include: (1) Frameworks for analysis: How should we model the information marketplace, particularly with regard to the benefits and costs of information aggregation and protection? (2) Quantification and data: What is the evidence on the prevalence and nature of information loss, and what are the costs of information loss, and to whom? (3) Market and Policy Response: What do we know about the efficacy of market vs. other approaches to incentivize market participants to avoid loss or remediate after information loss? Throughout, of particular interest is the international dimension of the information marketplace. What issues arise when countries differ in their attitudes and policies toward the information marketplace?","PeriodicalId":276603,"journal":{"name":"Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128004602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Algorithms and the Changing Frontier 算法和不断变化的前沿

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2377168

Hezekiah Agwara, Adam Hasler, Brian D. Higginbotham

引用次数: 1

Patent Commons, Thickets, and Open Source Software Entry by Start-Up Firms 专利共享、丛林和初创公司的开源软件入口

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-08-01 DOI: 10.3386/W19394

W. Wen, M. Ceccagnoli, Chris M. Forman

引用次数: 11

Patent Trading Flows of Small and Large Firms 中小企业和大企业的专利交易流

Kauffman: Conferences & Seminars (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2251084

N. Figueroa, Carlos J. Serrano

引用次数: 60