Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques最新文献

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Context-sensitive, graphic presentation of information 信息的上下文敏感的图形表示
M. Friedell, J. Barnett, David Kramlich
{"title":"Context-sensitive, graphic presentation of information","authors":"M. Friedell, J. Barnett, David Kramlich","doi":"10.1145/800064.801279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800064.801279","url":null,"abstract":"We begin by reviewing spatial data management—the technique of accessing and organizing information via its graphical representation in an organized spatial framework. We describe an operational prototype system that exceeds the capabilities of other spatial data management systems in two ways: (1) the graphical presentation of data is tailored to the user's identity, task, and database query; and (2) the system has the capacity for large databases. These capabilities are possible because the system dynamically generates its graphics environment. Our technique for dynamically generating the graphics environment relies on modeling of user context, semantic modeling of the underlying database, and direct use of knowledge about design layout and the utility of pictures. We briefly describe our current research efforts to extend this knowledge-based approach to automatic graphics environment synthesis. A videotape demonstrating the system accompanies this paper.","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133304918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
Clamping: A method of antialiasing textured surfaces by bandwidth limiting in object space 箝位:一种在对象空间中通过限制带宽来消除纹理表面锯齿的方法
Alan Norton, A. Rockwood, Philip T. Skolmoski
{"title":"Clamping: A method of antialiasing textured surfaces by bandwidth limiting in object space","authors":"Alan Norton, A. Rockwood, Philip T. Skolmoski","doi":"10.1145/800064.801252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800064.801252","url":null,"abstract":"An object space method is given for interpolating between sampled and locally averaged signals, resulting in an antialiasing filter which provides a continuous transition from a sampled signal to its selectively dampened local averages. This method is applied to the three standard Euclidean dimensions and time, resulting in spatial and frame to frame coherence. The theory allows filtering of a variety of functions, including continuous and discrete representations of planar texture.","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114262767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 95
Graphics standards for three-dimensional modelling 三维建模的图形标准
M. Sabin
{"title":"Graphics standards for three-dimensional modelling","authors":"M. Sabin","doi":"10.1145/800064.801260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800064.801260","url":null,"abstract":"Much effort has been spent in defining a standard call interface for a library of routines with display primitives embedded in a three-dimensional space. This paper argues that this is now an inappropriate target. There is too much diversity in the three-dimensional things we want to draw and in the kinds of picture we want to draw of them for any single standard to be both broadly acceptable and specifically useful. If the decision is made to go for a set of specialized standards for wire frame and for rendered graphics for data presentation, for sculptured surfaces and for object models, it becomes apparent that far more can be gained from a higher level standard, at the data presentation or object modelling level. In the object modelling community, at least, there is indeed work toward such a standard based on the IGES proposals. This has very few concepts in common with the graphics standard effort, and it is not clear at present what contribution the graphics community has to make in this area. The suggestion made here is that there may well be a number of paragraphs or sections common to more than one of the graphics-related and higher level standards. One such is the coordinate transformation (the dreaded 4 × 4 matrix). Its definition and its use both for modelling and viewing concepts are suggested which resolve some of the black art associated with transformation in the past. These could become the conceptual basis for a short simple standard in this area.","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114530355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Metafile for efficient sequential and random display of graphics 有效的顺序和随机显示图形的元文件
T. Reed
{"title":"A Metafile for efficient sequential and random display of graphics","authors":"T. Reed","doi":"10.1145/800064.801258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800064.801258","url":null,"abstract":"Graphics metafiles have been in use at the Los Alamos National Laboratory since early 1977. The first metafile format was defined in 1976 and has been updated several times to allow efficient graphics support in the Los Alamos computing environment. History and current applications of the Common Graphics System (CGS) Metafile are given. Design objectives, details of the format, and random access extensions incorporated in the Metafile are described.","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134249467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Graphic input interaction techniques(Panel Session) 图形输入交互技术(小组讨论)
James J. Thomas
{"title":"Graphic input interaction techniques(Panel Session)","authors":"James J. Thomas","doi":"10.1145/800064.801286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800064.801286","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade most research and development in computer graphics has been in the output side. Input devices and techniques for communicating with graphic systems are now also becoming active research topics. To communicate the state-of-the-art and to identify the key research issues, SIGGRAPH sponsored a workshop on graphics interaction input techniques in June, 1982. The topics to be discussed include tools for building user interfaces, recent successes using those tools, human factors, generic interaction types, interaction techniques for raster systems and style-independent interaction techniques. The workshop will be summarized with an address on the current state-of-the-art and identification of the major research issues. In addition, selected participants will be asked to address the primary research issues.","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114854355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Graphics standardization 图形标准化
P. Hagen
{"title":"Graphics standardization","authors":"P. Hagen","doi":"10.1145/800064.801259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800064.801259","url":null,"abstract":"The big challenge for a graphics standardization project is to realise a truly device independent graphics package which nevertheless allows for unrestricted use of facilities offered by a particular device. In 1980, it was reported at a SIGGRAPH session that the Graphics Working Group of ISO (ISO/TC97/SC5/WG2) had decided to define a 2D core-like standard based on the DIN GKS proposal. At the same session, a new concept was introduced called a workstation, which was to be a basis for achieving device independence in GKS. In the two years of reviewing which has since taken place, the workstation concept has been further developed and as a result has become much more important than it was, say, in the 1979 version of GKS. The workstation supports a two stage abstraction mechanism for input and output primitives, especially with respect to their attributes (including transformations). In this way, every aspect which can be dealt with in a similar manner for each device (e.g. purely geometric information) is moved up to the higher abstraction level and called workstation independent. Aspects with a limited device independence, which apply only to certain classes of devices (e.g. colour) are in the lower level of abstraction and are called workstation dependent. Following this two level abstraction, a two level mapping is defined in GKS, leading to two classes of functions: those addressing all active workstations at the same time (w.s. independent) and those addressing a particular work station (identified by a parameter). Workstations are now allowed to differ in the value ranges for the attributes they support. The two-level mapping provides setting of an abstract primitive attribute which is next either applied on the same abstract level, or subsequently mapped on the most appropriate value available for each individual workstation. The second mapping can also be controlled by workstation functions. In this way, two workstations can, for example, provide a different presentation of the same abstract picture simply by selecting different representations for various attributes (e.g. quick and dirty versus high quality). Moreover, they can also provide a “best likeness” picture by selecting an appropriate combination of attributes with the same visual effect (for example, each workstation may provide different means for generating the same text-font). It will be illustrated why this uniform scheme for a two level attribute mechanism was to be developed beyong current practice in order to get a satisfactory solution for device independence. A further basic facility derived from the workstation concept is the ability to configure a workstation out of abstract devices (i.e. 0 or 1 output plus 0 or more input devices). Most input devices depend for their user feedback, on the output devices available. All inputs that need the same output device are now integrated into one work station. Again, the two level structure is very helpful. All configuration as","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129407607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An interactive graphics environment for architectural energy simulation 一个用于建筑能源模拟的交互式图形环境
Jon H. Pittman, D. Greenberg
{"title":"An interactive graphics environment for architectural energy simulation","authors":"Jon H. Pittman, D. Greenberg","doi":"10.1145/800064.801285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800064.801285","url":null,"abstract":"An interactive computer graphics system has been developed for the architecture profession which provides a “design environment” for the evaluation of building energy consumption. The system includes an integrated set of graphic input tools which generate the geometric and attribute data necessary for the determination of thermal load in buildings. In addition, a comprehensive set of graphical output routines has been created to allow the designer to visually interpret the results of alternative design strategies.","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128813351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
A language for bitmap manipulation 位图操作语言
L. Guibas, J. Stolfi
{"title":"A language for bitmap manipulation","authors":"L. Guibas, J. Stolfi","doi":"10.1145/357306.357308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/357306.357308","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose that bitmaps, or raster images, should be given full citizen status in the world of computer science. We introduce a calculus of bitmap operations and MUMBLE, a programming language appropriate for describing bitmap computations. We illustrate the use of MUMBLE by several interesting graphical applications. We also discuss the structure of BOP, an efficient implementation of the bitmap calculus that is the underpinning of our system.","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126402372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 47
Health & safety issues in computer graphics (Panel Session) 计算机图形学中的健康与安全问题(小组讨论)
Wordie Parr, D. Sliney, R. Petersen, W. M. Zuk, W. Cushman
{"title":"Health & safety issues in computer graphics (Panel Session)","authors":"Wordie Parr, D. Sliney, R. Petersen, W. M. Zuk, W. Cushman","doi":"10.1145/800064.801299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800064.801299","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Wordie Parr Dr. Parr is Chief of the Physical Agents Effects Branch of NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. He is internationally known as an expert in radiation biology. Currently, Dr. Parr's duties involve directing field and research programs in noise and electromagnetic radiation (EMR). As a result of this involvement, one of Dr. Parr's recent activities has been centered around the issue of whether video display terminals (VDTs) pose a radiation health issue to workers in various fields. Dr. Parr and his staff at NIOSH have evaluated over 1000 different VDTs of all types, makes, and models. The results of these evaluations have all been published in the literature and will be reviewed in this session. David Sliney Mr. Sliney has been involved in standards development and in investigating potential hazards associated with lasers and conventional lightsources (including devices using cathode ray tubes and other optical display techniques). He recently co-authored a book on Optical Radiation Safety. R. C. Petersen R. C. Petersen works in the Environmental Health and Safety Department of Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, NJ, where his responsibilities include non-ionizing radiation protection for the Bell System. This assignment includes characterizing and documenting the accessible levels of electromagnetic energy associated with existing and prototype RF and microwave transmission equipment used by the Bell System. W. M. Zuk Dr. W. M. Zuk is Head of the X-Rays Section, Consumer and Clinical Radiation Hazards Division, Health Protection Branch of Health and Welfare Canada. William H. Cushman Dr. William H. Cushman is a research psychologist and ergonomics consultant for Eastman Kodak Company in Rochester, NY. He has particular interests in visual perception, workplace design, lighting and industrial ergonomics. Optical Radiation Emissions from VDTs David Sliney Several groups of scientists in this country and overseas have measured the ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiations emitted by visual display devices to determine if potential optical radiation hazards exist from such displays. These measurements will be explained and conclusions drawn will be summarized and discussed. Radiofrequency and Microwave Emissions from VDTs R. C. Peterson Questions are continually being raised concerning potential health effects associated with exposure to radio frequency and microwave emissions from optical display devices. Because of these questions, several studies were undertaken by private and governmental organizations to characterize such emissions as a function of frequency and intensity. In particular, the band of frequencies extending from 10kHz to 18GHz was examined by Bell Laboratories for a variety of VDTs under normal conditions of operation. Similar emission measurements were made at a repair facility where a number of malfunctioning devices with their housings removed were operated simultaneously. In all cases, ","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127841039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Approaches to solid modelling (Panel Session) 实体建模方法(小组讨论)
L. Malin, F. Bliss, William Carmody, Robert Johnson, Martin Schloessel, J. Swarbrick
{"title":"Approaches to solid modelling (Panel Session)","authors":"L. Malin, F. Bliss, William Carmody, Robert Johnson, Martin Schloessel, J. Swarbrick","doi":"10.1145/800064.801275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800064.801275","url":null,"abstract":"Solid modelling systems in current use are based on approaches that are fundamentally different. The panelists will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches, especially from the user's point of view.","PeriodicalId":276450,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121658351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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