Analele Banatului XXI 2013最新文献

{"title":"Noi cercetari la Porolissum / New Researches at Porolissum","authors":"C. Opreanu, Dan Ștefan, V. Lăzărescu","doi":"10.55201/rzcf5201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/rzcf5201","url":null,"abstract":"e authors are dealing in the first part of this study with their latest archaeological excavations in the Roman fort at Porolissum (Dacia Porolissensis). Between 2010 and 2012, a building situated on the northern side of the fort, very close to the porta praetoria, was uncovered. It is a 25 × 10 meters construction having no interior subdivisions and no heating system. Its inner stratigraphy revealed five main habitation layers each of them having a precise chronology. e analysis of the small finds and coins recovered during the excavations illustrates that the building was erected around AD 140 – 160 and functioned between AD 160 – 180/190. Around AD 200 it seems that this building collapsed and was never reconstructed. On top of the former structures, the Romans used this area for other purposes unknown to us. e destination of the building was established based on the archaeological finds recorded from the main habitation layer. Among the military equipment fittings, weapons, pottery, glass and bone objects, the most significant category of artefacts were approximately 90 rounded stone artillery projectiles having an average diameter of 9 centimetres. Taking into consideration the analogies coming from other auxiliary forts in Britain, war machines were also used by auxiliary troops positioned in conflict zones of the Roman frontier. In time of peace, these machines were sealed in special buildings called ballistaria as mentioned in the inscriptions from the auxiliary fort at High Rochester. We can conclude that the building we have researched at Porolissum had as its main destination the storing of artillery projectiles, war machines and other weapons, being a ballistarium. is identification is strengthened by its position behind the defence wall and near the main gate of the fort. A second part of the study deals with the civilian habitation at Porolissum. Around the fort, several areas having traces of stone buildings were identified. e main part was occupied by the Roman town municipium Septimium Porolissensis as several inscriptions prove such a fact. A new research project granted by the Romanian National Research Authority in 2012 entitled „Seeing the Unseen. Landscape archaeology on the northern frontier of the Roman Empire at Porolissum” (Director of the project – Dr. Coriolan H. Opreanu) allowed for extensive geophysical surveys which revealed numerous new stone structures. e most important results obtained in sectors XZ and AH refer to a series of large stone buildings and numerous dwellings unknown so far.","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127494139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntari sarbi pe Frontul romanesc din toamna anului 1916 / Serbian Volunteers on the Romanian Front in the Autumn of 1916","authors":"Miodrag Milin","doi":"10.55201/lsug6814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/lsug6814","url":null,"abstract":"e study tells about the participation of Serbian volunteers from the volunteer Division I in bloody battles in the autumn of 1916, in Dobrogea. Together with the Romanian army and Russian military corps Serbian volunteers(nearly 20,000 soldiers), most of them from Banat, showed an exceptional spirit of sacrifice for the fulfilment ofthe national ideal and scored unmatched pages of military glory in the common struggle for unity and building of new national states. In order to fulfill this ideal, Serbian volunteers have made massive human sacrifice, offering young lives of over 8,500 soldiers and staff on the altar of the homeland. eir memory is honoured withreverence by the impressive Monument from Medgidia, founded in 1926 by the gesture of gratitude from both their Royal Majesties Ferdinand of Romania and Alexander of Yugoslavia.Present study brings details about the campaign, sacrifice and high decoration, of over 900 volunteers and heroes, based on information stored in the archives in Bucharest and Belgrade.","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128666712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biserica lui Ioan Salvici: un episod din istoria relatiilor romano-germane / The Church of Ioan Slavici: An Episode Regarding the History of Romanian-German Relations","authors":"Vasile Docea","doi":"10.55201/lqoe8226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/lqoe8226","url":null,"abstract":"e image of the writer Ioan Slavici (1848 – 1925) fluctuated over time in the collective memory. Although he was constantly accepted among canonical writers from the Romanian’s literature classic period, there were some disagreements in the assessment of his journalistic activity, because of his collaboration with the pro-German newspaper Ziua, between 1914 and 1916, and other pro-German newspapers and journals from Bucharest, city which was occupied by the Central Powers in the years 1916 – 1918. e pro-entente current of opinion, which became dominant and was supported by the state’s official policy once Romania entered in the First World War, after a confrontation from relatively equal positions with the pro-Germanic current of opinion, contributed to the marginalization of the journalist Slavici after the war ended. Reactions against this marginalization, and attempts of rehabilitation started right after the writer’s death. Here, we present one of those first attempts, which remained unknown until today: the project from 1930 – 1931 of the construction of a church in the memory of Ioan Slavici, in Panciu, the place where the writer died and was buried. e project was initiated by a large number of students from Bucharest and strongly supported by a collaborator of Slavici at the newspaper Ziua. In this project were involved, among others, many Germans from Romania, a former German wartime spy, and to some extent even former Catholic Archbishop of Bucharest, Raymund Netzhammer. Although the project was not implemented, it is an excellent example for the fragmented, inconsistent, and even conflicting way the collective memory functions. e Church of Slavici polarized different meanings even during its design because there were two interpretations of it, in fact, two different ways of valuing the memory of Ioan Slavici. e first meaning involved the germanophiles, the ones that thought and acted the same as Slavici during the First World War. ey desired a memorial church for Slavici, to celebrate and consecrate their way of thinking. For them – and among them we recall Teodor Câmpianu, former collaborator of the writer to the newspaper Ziua – the church would have been a monument of pro-germanism. e second way of perceiving the church of Slavici is related to the writers’ admirers. e students initiating this project wanted to celebrate the value of Slavici’s literature, and additionally to do justice to the writer, after the public marginalization he suffered in the last years of his life. is justice was mainly based on recognising the value of literature. For this purpose, part of the architectural complex was supposed to be arranged as a library as shown in the sketch designed after the plans of the anonymous architect. e library probably would have been equipped with the entire collection of Ioan Slavici writings. From this perspective, the church was perceived as a monument dedicated to the writer Slavici.","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130054987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaunele de judecata din comitatul Timis / Judicial Courts in Timis County","authors":"Zoltán Iusztin","doi":"10.55201/sbdc5136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/sbdc5136","url":null,"abstract":"According to the historiography and to most of the documentary sources, Timişoara was, in the Middle Ages, the most important settlement in the Banat Plain. is can be easy understood not only due to the military importance and strategic situation of the citadel, but also because was here where the Judicial Court of Timiş County was functioning. is institution was intended to regulate and exercise judicial authority at a local level. e judgments performed by this institution referred to the county nobility, being the first court of appeal of the Hungarian kingdom’s judicial system. For the 14th – 15th centuries we managed to identify just over 100 meetings of this institution, where lawsuits were resolved and fines and citations were imposed. e documentary sources that we used in this research were solely acts of this forum, but kept randomly. erefore any statistics on the activity of the judicial court is relative, especially since some historians argue that these institution meetings were held weekly or monthly.","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131271171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chestiunea Banatului intre politica nationala si politica de partid. Mari polemici politice si parlamentare (decembrie 1923) / The Banat Issue. Between National Policy and Party Politics. The Great Political and Parliamentary Debates From December 1923","authors":"Ion Novăcescu","doi":"10.55201/ofpa3454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/ofpa3454","url":null,"abstract":"e failure of Romanian foreign policy at the Paris Peace Conference (1919 – 1920) when it couldn't obtain the entire province of Banat for the country, and also the establishment of the border with Serbia on the field, provoked, in December 1923, an intense political and parliamentary controversy. For two weeks the opposition MPs and those of the Liberal Party (the government party) accused each other of the responsibility of this national failure. e parliamentary debates demonstrated the lack of method, strategy and unity of the Romanian political elite in promoting responsible and efficient foreign policies.","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122711936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"O disputa pentru locul de vad de la Mures (1543) / A Dispute Over the Ford of Mures River (1543)","authors":"Livia Magina","doi":"10.55201/bxpk2608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/bxpk2608","url":null,"abstract":"e disputes for various types of property coloured the socioeconomic history. ese properties included fords, places that allowed passage across the without payment. e conflict spotted in four documents attached, takes place between two neighbours, Polyxena, the widow of Marko Jakšić of Nădlac and Teodor Chwka de Papi, for the ford on Mureş river linking the settlements Felnac, owned by the Jaksic family, and Papi. How this fordconflict has evolved not only reflects some noble families attempting to access the resource but also a glimpse ofthe power relations built in the XVI century Transylvania.","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130453037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marturii arheologice din epoca timpurie a migratiilor in Banat – Etapa D2 / Archaologische Belege aus der fruhen Volkerwanderungszeit im Banat – die Stufe D2","authors":"D. Tanase","doi":"10.55201/jusl2924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/jusl2924","url":null,"abstract":"e D2 Phase of the early migrations period coincides with the culmination of the Hun rule. In D2 stage one can observe a confinement of habitatation in the Banat Plain (Map 2) compared with the earlier period – Phase D1 (Map 1). In the present stage of research we can affirm that in the Banat region no single settlement was archaeologically investigated that could be assigned with certainty to the D2 chronological horizon. is situation is not a particular phenomenon, for a more intense inhabitation in D1 than in D2 phase was remarked for the entire territory of present day Romania.Artefacts from Banat one can date in D2 Phase come mostly from graves accidentally discovered in the 19thcentury. Only one necropolis from Timișoara-Freidorf was systematically investigated during 1988 – 2006. e discovery of luxury items in Banat (the graves from Izvin and Periam, the grave? from Denta) indicate the presence of a tribal elite that gravitated around a Hun power centre situated most probably west to the confluence area of the Mureş and Tisa rivers. From the perspective of funeral discoveries, the Banat Plain seem to have been populated mostly by tribes of Alanic and Germanic origin, probably Gepids. e archaeological landscape of Banat in Phase D2 is extremely modest, the region being sparely inhabited. e goal of future researche will be clarify aspects related to habitatation during the height of the Hun Empire.","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134481306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defortificarea cetatii Timisoara / The Demolition of the Fortress Timisoara","authors":"Ciprian Glăvan","doi":"10.55201/rczq1878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/rczq1878","url":null,"abstract":"Shortly after the conquest of Timişoara by the Habsburg armies in October 1716, the building of a new bastioned fortification to replace the existing Turkish fortifications was considered necessary. e construction work started in 1732 and ended in 1765. When it was completed, the circuit of fortifications had an average width of 585 m and consisted of nine bastions and three access gates. Beyond the external line of fortifications lay the esplanade, a 949-m-wide plain subject to a construction ban. e fortress, built at high costs and with incredible efforts in order to stave off the raids of the Turks, was never attacked by them again, but in 1849 successfully withstood a siege by the Hungarian revolutionary army that lasted over 100 days. From that moment on, due to progress made in the military field, the fortress started losing its utility. It is in this context that the local authorities took steps to revoke the city’s official status of fortress and, implicitly, to tear down the fortifications, deemed to be a major hindrance to urban development because of the thick walls and narrow access gates and, in particular, the presence of the esplanade. eir first success came with the order of His Majesty, Emperor Franz Joseph, issued on November 10, 1868, to reduce the area under construction ban from 949 m to 569 m. Four years later, through a decision of His Majesty’s, the Timişoara magistrate’s request was approved and the demolition of the fortress walls could begin. e military commandment of the city and the civil authorities were to agree on the means of demolition and all the other aspects of the matter. e three gates, which were locked at night, slowed down the traffic between the city and its suburbs. e decision to remove them was carried through in a short period of time, so that they had already been pulled down by September 1891, when the emperor visited Timişoara on the occasion of a regional exhibition in Southern Hungary. Such measures, taken by mayor Telbisz and the city administration, resulted in His Majesty’s decision of April 23, 1892, which officially cancelled the fortress status of Timişoara. Given the complexity of the matter and the stakes involved in the defortification of the city and its subsequent development, the decision to cancel its fortress status was followed by lengthy negotiations, which were finally brought to an end by an agreement between the civil and the military authorities of the city, signed in 1905. According to the terms of the agreement, a surface of 138.460 m2 was allocated to the city, in exchange for five replacement buildings for the army, 1.930.000 kronen worth, to be erected over an interval of five years. In urban development terms, the main priority was the connection of the city centre with the suburbs. For this purpose, the plots situated along the arterial roads, which would link the suburbs to the centre, were among the first to be sold and the following construction plan was proposed: gro","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133140984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ground Truthing Magnetometer Data Using Soil Coring: Initial Results from Cornesti-Iarcuri, Timis County, Romania","authors":"Sarah C. Sherwood","doi":"10.55201/hjzs5310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/hjzs5310","url":null,"abstract":"is study uses soil augering to explore a sample of the range of geomagnetic anomalies from magnetometer surveys at the massive fortified site of Corneşti-Iarcuri. e cores focus on the south end of the interior of Enclosure II and a limited area to the east between Enclosures II and III. ese areas were studied during the 2010 campaign when the international team used different techniques to verify the age and type of occupations in this portion of the site. e coring results are presented in standardized descriptions and 1 m section photographs. e cores sample both high contrast anomalies from suspected burned deposits and low contrast areas where archaeological deposits are thought to be absent. ese field data suggest that the local calcareous Chernozem soils vary by depth and thickness of calcitic horizons due to slope, erosion, or impact due to possible use of the slopes for borrow. e low magnetic susceptibility of the carbonates can affect the results of the Cesium Magnetometer, in some cases identifying high contrast anomalies due to the close proximity to CaCO3 horizons and other material. In other cases archaeological deposits result in low contrast areas on the magnetogram due to the absence of burning. e initial auger results suggest that while the geomagnetic data clearly maps the enclosures and other burned features, there is the potential that other types of deposits may go unrecognized in this calcareous soil landscape.","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116986076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iluminismul transilvan: ecouri europene si aspiratii intelectuale locale / Transylvanian Enlightenment: European Influences and Local Intellectual Ambitions","authors":"V. Neumann","doi":"10.55201/rqng6594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55201/rqng6594","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to query Transylvania's history in the 18th century, a new perspective that targets how European Enlightenment was received and capitalized by various social, confessional, communautarian and linguistic groups that lived in the region. It contextualizes, conceptualizes and suggests a re-definition of identity policies in Transylvania at the beginning of modernity, by reflecting on contradictions resulting through the association of enlightened and romantics ideas.","PeriodicalId":276284,"journal":{"name":"Analele Banatului XXI 2013","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122673239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}