{"title":"Development of a fibre optic sensor for the detection of harmful algae bloom and in particular domoic acid","authors":"E. O’Connell, W. Lyons, C. Sheridan, E. Lewis","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.379024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.379024","url":null,"abstract":"Research into an early warning harmful algae bloom (HAB) sensing system for use in underwater monitoring applications is presented. The sensor proposed by the authors utilises principal component analysis (PCA) to establish the complex linkages between ocean colour, absorption and scattering, algae pigmentation and cell size, along with depth of bloom layers. The authors are proposing an optical fibre sensor based method of detecting the associated neurotoxins that cause harmful algal blooms. The sensing mechanism utilised in this system is based on a combination of absorption and reflection spectroscopy and principle component analysis (PCA) signal processing. Preliminary results are presented from the interrogation of chlorophyll, yeast and saline solutions.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122198326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Low-Power Preamble Detection Methodology for Packet Based RF Modems on All-Digital Sensor Front-Ends","authors":"K. Gunnam, G. Choi, M. Yeary, Y. Zhai","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.379343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.379343","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing trend towards networks of sensors in which each sensor wirelessly transmits digital data to a central data collection node. The transmission of sensor measurements relies on its digitized data being organized as a set of bits. This sequence or frame contains preamble information (the preamble is used to signal that \"here is a train of data coming\" to the receiver), a data sequence, and finally \"end of signal\" bits. In order to achieve frame synchronization in packet-based communication systems, a known sequence (pre-amble) is sent at the beginning of each packet. This paper presents a low power scheme for preamble detection using dynamic precision configuration. The proposed scheme is based on the observation that signal processing algorithms at the front end (including mixer, square root raised cosine (SRRC) matched filter and code matched filter (CMF)) of the receiver, can be operated with minimum precision during the acquisition phase without incurring significant acquisition performance degradation. The SRRC filter is designed to achieve minimize inter-symbol interference, while the CMF is designed to improve the signal to noise ratio. The result is an acquisition system design that consumes less than 25% of power dissipation that is consumed by other typical implementations.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116742690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decomposition-Based Synthesis in Implementation of Digital Filters for Wavelet Transform Application Targeted FPGA Devices","authors":"M. Rawski, B. Falkowski, T. Luba","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.379362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.379362","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays programmable technology provides possibility to implement digital filters with use of specialized embedded DSP blocks. On the first place, however, this technology gives the designer the possibility to increase efficiency of designed system by exploitation of parallelisms of implemented algorithms. Moreover, it is possible to apply special techniques, such as distributed arithmetic (DA). Since in this approach general purpose multipliers are replaced by combinational LUT blocks, it is possible to construct digital filters of very high performance. However LUT blocks can be of considerable size thus advanced synthesis methods have to be used to map them efficiently into FPGA resources. In this paper an application of the functional decomposition based synthesis in implementation of digital filters for wavelet transform has been investigated. The paper presents many examples confirming that decomposition allows reducing logic cell utilisation of filter implementation based on distributed arithmetic concept with no performance degradation and even increasing it.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117010118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Substrate Noise Analysis for Integrated Circuits Design","authors":"H. Quaresma, A. Cruz Serra","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.379033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.379033","url":null,"abstract":"An accurate substrate model for circuit simulations is essential for mixed-signal integrated circuits design, in order to properly account for the noise coupling through the low-doped substrate to the sensitive analog blocks. This paper presents simulation and experimental results showing the nonlinear trend of the substrate resistance with circuit distance, and discusses several aspects of the substrate noise coupling that should be considered during the choice of a suitable substrate model.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117295666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel architecture to implement low-cost ferrofluidic pumps","authors":"B. Andò, A. Ascia, S. Baglio, N. Pitrone","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.379118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.379118","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of easily reconfigurable and reliable transducers is of main importance for several applications. Actually, sensors and actuators adopting ferrofluidic cores have been classified in that category for their intrinsic robustness against external shocks and the possibility to produce flexible architectures to be used for several uses, from the detection inertial quantitie to bio-application. In this paper a novel architecture implementing a ferrofluidic pump is presented. The device is intended for several purposes including fluid control in bio-applications. The proposed architecture can be considered a macro-prototype which is feasible for integration. The complete characterization of the device has been performed by using a dedicated set-up and a suitable driving tool. Actually, the device performance has been estimated in terms of flow rate and drop pressure.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128496396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calibration and Error Model Analysis of 3D Monocular Vision Model Based Hand Posture Estimation","authors":"A. El-Sawah, N. Georganas, E. Petriu","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.379090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.379090","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we investigate the accuracy of vision based hand posture estimation using a single camera. We use a two step process to estimate the hand posture: we first generate 3D posture hypothesis using geometric and kinematics inverse transformations, and then validate the hypothesis by projecting the postures on the image plane and comparing the projected model with the ground truth using extracted hand color and silhouette features. We also calibrate the estimated posture joint angles with the corresponding angles acquired using a CyberGlove, and we use the interval of confidence of the estimated values as a measure of the vision based posture estimation accuracy.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128600824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compensation of Current Transformers","authors":"A. Baccigalupi, A. Liccardo","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.378991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.378991","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper a method for the compensation of current transformer is proposed. The method is based on two main steps: (i) the realization of an equivalent short circuit so that the magnetizing current I0 is not dependent from the burden resistance; (ii) a circuit generating a compensating voltage Vc which compensate the voltage drop across the longitudinal parameters of the transformer. Since the developed transducer is a non-conventional transformer with the secondary nominal current of 5 A, it is not possible to measure the phase and ratio error with a comparison method. At this aim, a technique for measuring the transformer error by means of a data acquisition system is also proposed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128720820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fault Diagnosis on Board for Analog to Digital Converters","authors":"L. Ciani, M. Catelani, G. Iuculano","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.379034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.379034","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a general purpose high reliable data acquisition system which allows A/D converter testing by histogram and two tone tests for the fault diagnosis on the same board. A reliability analysis has been carried out in order to optimize the project, the components choice and redundancy configuration. The software has been written in Matlab and LabVIEW, with an easy graphical user interface.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128998224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Local Information from Range-Speed Radar Sequences","authors":"P. van Dorp, F. Groen","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.379137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.379137","url":null,"abstract":"Radar observes targets, but they remain difficult to interpret due to the difficulty in analysing the radar range-speed sequences. The need for accurate analyses tools increases in case of extended target behaviour or multiple channel radars which give additional observation angles. Extended targets are targets with multiple scatterer responses which disturb each other and give a blurred target response. We investigate here the approach of deconvoluting the range-speed response with a point spread function and interpolate the range-speed positions to get the inner structure of the extended target. The deconvolution gives the individual elements of the extended target. The range-speed interpolation gives accurate position information. The positions and additional observation angle information are tracked with a filter. We demonstrate the approach with real radar measurements.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124701134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Generic ASIC Architecture for Real Time Time-Frequency Analysis of Non-stationary Large Bandwidth Signals","authors":"L. Noury, F. Durbin, H. Mehrez, A. Tissot","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2007.379468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2007.379468","url":null,"abstract":"Wide-band time varying digital signals are extensively used by GSM, TV relays or radars. Analyzing those signals requires building a time frequency representation (TFR) in real-time. Most of TFRs are derived from the Wigner-Ville TFR; unfortunately they are computationally too intensive for real time processing. In this paper we propose an alternative approach to design an ASIC which computes a particular TFR of an input signal in real-time that we named F-TFR. Our approach is based on gradual signal channelizing using modulation, FIR filtering and time-interleaving of the channelized signals. After a brief introduction, we describe in detail the F-TFR algorithm. Then, we study the corresponding hardware architecture introducing signal interleaving and equations adaptations which are necessary for hardware implementation. Finally, we present some typical signals analysis by F-TFR along with an hardware prototype.","PeriodicalId":274130,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130410049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}