Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Clinical course and outcome of stroke patients at a tertiary health care center during SARS-COV-2 pandemic in North India: A single-center study","authors":"V. Atam, Satish Kumar, Kumar Rahul, Bhupendra Kumar, Harish Gupta, S. Sonkar, Munna Patel, Amit Kumar, Anshu Singh, Ambuj Yadav","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_29_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_29_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: SARS-COV-2 is primarily a respiratory illness. However, beyond respiratory illness and associated acute and long-term medical complications, it manifests as stroke, including acute ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Clinical evidence reported the occurrence of both venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in SARS-COV-2 positive patients due to hypercoagulable state, hyperinflammatory response, cardiomyopathy, and endothelial inflammation. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, single-center cohort study, which includes confirmed SARS-COV-2-positive patients hospitalized between March 2021 and February 2022. Clinical and biochemical data were analyzed. Noncontrast computed tomography of the brain was performed to assess the area and type of stroke. Results: Among all the included 703 patients with SARS-COV-2, 42 patients developed stroke. SARS-COV-2 patients who developed stroke were older and had multiple comorbidities. Patients had higher quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score on hospitalization (P < 0.05), higher in-hospital mortality, and had poor clinical outcomes (P < 0.0001). In multivariate regression analysis, there were higher odds of in-hospital mortality linked with higher qSOFA scores (odds ratio 4.47, 95% confidence interval 1.21–16.5; P = 0.025). SARS-COV-2 patients developing stroke had high total leukocyte counts, high neutrophil counts, low platelet counts, low lymphocyte counts, raised C-reactive protein, raised ferritin levels, raised interleukin-6, raised fibrinogen, and D-dimer as compared to those without stroke. Conclusion: Patients with SARS-COV-2 who developed stroke had more severe clinical symptoms, poor clinical outcomes, and higher in-hospital mortality rates compared to those without stroke.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114782797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers for regular yoga practice among adult population of India: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Anita Verma, S. Shete","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_13_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_13_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The prevalence of physical inactivity is growing at an alarming rate and is strongly associated with metabolic disorders. While the health consequences of physical inactivity are well-documented, identifying the factors which lead to physical inactivity in individuals is an important step. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the most common barriers in regular yoga practice. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 644 adult participants from Pune district, Maharashtra, India, during the International Day of Yoga celebration. The survey questionnaire was written in both English and Marathi. The questionnaire was divided into two parts, i.e., sociodemographic details and the most common reason for not being able to practice yoga regularly. Results: The results showed that physical illness was more common in females (n = 35, 29.7%) than males (n = 25, 6.1%). Not finding correct yoga teacher and lack of clarity regarding yoga was also found to be the most common barriers in females as compared to males. A greater proportion of females (n = 62, 52.5%) were unable to do yoga regularly due to other priorities. Other common factors which limited most of the participants from practicing yoga regularly were varying eating times, lack of motivation, and doubt regarding yoga benefits. The percentage of other barriers for practicing yoga regularly was negligible. Conclusions: The results of this study concluded that there are eight most common barriers for practicing yoga regularly among the study participants.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128426098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profile of human immunodeficiency virus sero-positives attending integrated counselling and testing center in District Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh: A descriptive analysis","authors":"Rajende Singh, Abhay Srivastava, Nazish Fatima, M. Shammem, I. Shukla","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_11_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_11_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seems to be a major public health challenge for all over the world, especially in developing countries such as India. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the sociodemographic profile of people living with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) attending a standalone Integrated Counseling and Testing Centre (ICTC) at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital Aligarh in Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A record-based study was carried out among the HIV-positive patients who were attending the ICTC at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical college, AMU, Aligarh. Results: Prevalence of HIV infection was found to be 5.04% in and around Aligarh region. Males were more commonly affected than females with a ratio of 1.6:1. Majority of HIV-positive patients (35.82%) belonged to 25–34 years of age group. Most common clinical presentation was fever (46.9%) among HIV-positive patients, followed by weight loss (36.88%) and diarrhea (32.55%). Sexual transmission (61.19%) was the most common route of HIV transmission seen in our study. Most of the patients had a baseline CD4 count level below 200/μl. Conclusion: Majority of HIV/AIDS study subjects were from the economically productive age group. Education level, occupation, socioeconomic status, and marital status were found to be statistically associated. Practice of heterosexuality is the most common mode of transmission. Most of the patients reported at an early phase of disease.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128875715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons learned from the first and second wave of COVID-19 Disease pandemic in India!","authors":"Shital Patil, Abhijith G. Acharya, G. Narwade","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_24_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_24_22","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a heterogeneous disease with variable effect on lung parenchyma, airways, and vasculature leading to long-term effects on lung functions. Although the lung is the primary target organ involvement in COVID-19, many patients were shown pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations of diseases variably during the first and second wave, which occurred as resultant pathophysiological effects of immune activation pathway and direct virus-induced lung damage.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"45 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114006209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined welsh and modified ramam regimen in the management of an actinomycetoma patient with sulfonamide drug sensitivity","authors":"K. Geetha","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_33_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_33_21","url":null,"abstract":"Mycetoma is a chronic, suppurative granulomatous infection which has been declared as a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization. The clinical manifestations include the classical triad of swelling, sinus tracts, and discharge. It is of two types, eumycetoma (true fungi) or actinomycetoma (filamentous aerobic bacteria), and is more prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas. Here is a case report of mycetoma patient who presented to the outpatient department with the classical triad of symptoms. Histopathological confirmation of actinomycetoma was made and started with Welsh regimen. As he developed drug sensitivity to cotrimoxazole, it was stopped. He was continued with amikacin as per Welsh regimen along with doxycycline 100 mg twice daily instead of cotrimoxazole for 3 cycles with complete cure. Regular monitoring with hemogram, renal function tests, and audiogram were done before and after each cycle. There are multiple reports of treatment of actinomycetoma by various antibiotics such as cotrimoxazole, dapsone, streptomycin, trimethoprim, rifampicin, and amoxicillin–clavulanic acid combination. This case report highlights the importance of individualization of treatment regimen based on the clinical scenario.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125252439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical, physiological, and anthropometric changes associated with years of training in weightlifting","authors":"Monday Omoniyi Moses, PrinceDe-Gualle Deku, M. Annani-Akollor, B. Afranie, I. Tiguridaane, Simon Koffie, A. Doku, L. Akwa","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_31_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_31_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most Ghanaian youths engage in weight training mostly for bodybuilding with littles attention to biochemical, physiological, and anthropometric changes on the long run. This study investigated the effect of duration of training (DOT) on biochemical, physiological, and anthropometric parameters of weightlifters. Materials and Methods: University setting and a cross-sectional descriptive study design were adopted. Sixty-six adult male weightlifters with a mean age of 25.98 ± 5.66 served as study sample. Modified Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 was administered. Self-reported DOT (grouped into 0–12 months, 1–5 years, and >5 years) and demographic and lifestyle information were collected. Anthropometric, physiological, lipid profile, total protein, albumin, globulin, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) data were obtained. Results: Most of the participants greatly valued weight training (scale of 5 = 4.63 ± 0.89). Longer DOT was significantly associated with increased chest circumference (P = 0.013), arm circumference (P = 0.010), and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.038). Statistical significance was only observed for dietary supplement intake and plasma globulin levels (P = 0.030). Association between GFR and dietary supplement intake was insignificant (P = 0.256). Conclusions: Weight training positively influences biochemical, physiological, and anthropometric indices of weightlifters. Investment in and motivational intervention in weight training would be beneficial to health lifestyle. A study with larger sample size on elite weightlifters could elicit further findings.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129048495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D levels and antenatal complications in pregnant Nigerian Igbo women","authors":"J. B. Brian-D Adinma, J. Ahaneku, E. Adinma, J. Ugboaja, V. Oguaka, N. Adinma-Obiajulu, M. Edet","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_12_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_12_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Serum levels of Vitamin D have been linked to some complications in pregnancy such as diabetes mellitus and premature rupture of membranes (PROM). While some studies suggest inverse relationship between serum Vitamin D levels and poor pregnancy outcomes, others report a J-shaped (curvilinear) or U-shaped relationship. Objective: The objective of the study is to determine the relationship between serum Vitamin D and some selected pregnancy complications among pregnant Nigerian Igbo women. Subjects and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study conducted on 256 consecutive consenting antenatal women in Anambra state, Southeastern Nigeria. Maternal blood obtained was assayed for 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 using high-pressure liquid chromatography. A pro forma was used to elicit information with respect to the biosocial characteristics of the subjects. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 23, and the relationship between Vitamin D levels and antenatal complications was determined using Chi-square at P < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval being considered statistically significant. Results: The overall results showed that no participant had hypovitaminosis D. It also showed that there is maximum safe limit for serum Vitamin D beyond which the prevalence of hypertensive disorders/preeclampsia, preterm labor, and PROM rises. However, higher serum Vitamin D appears to be protective against clinical and laboratory-diagnosed malaria and malaria parasitemia. The study showed an inverse relationship between the degree of malaria parasitemia and serum Vitamin D levels. Conclusion: Despite the importance of Vitamin D in both skeletal and extra-skeletal health, there appears to be a safe upper limit. Therefore, Vitamin D supplementation should be reserved for proven cases of hypovitaminosis in pregnancy, especially in our locality where there is abundance of sunshine and low prevalence of hypovitaminosis D.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116582029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chest computed tomography findings in COVID-19: A pictorial review","authors":"Jitender Singh, T. Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_11_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_11_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130983235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behçet's disease presenting as cerebral venous thrombosis","authors":"P. Prasad, Prem Verma","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_29_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_29_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123447678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of pleural fluid “Cell Block” in malignant pleural effusion: Underutilized, sensitive, and superior over conventional fluid cytology; Does it will decrease need for thoracoscopy guided procedures?","authors":"S. Patil, S. Toshniwal, A. Rujuta","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_23_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_23_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malignant pleural effusion missed routinely because of less diagnostic yield of conventional fluid cytology. Materials and Methods: Prospective multicentric study conducted during January 2014 to June 2016 in Venkatesh chest hospital, and Pulmonary Medicine, MIMSR medical college Latur, to find diagnostic yield of conventional pleural fluid cytology and pleural fluid “cell block” in malignant pleural effusion and compare yield of pleural fluid cell block with conventional cytology technique. The study included 200 cases of unexplained, exudative pleural effusion with Adenosine deaminase (ADA) ≤30/IU/l and pleural fluid cytology is either positive for malignant cell with or without cell type differentiation, or cytology suspicious for malignant cell. All cases were subjected to cell block preparation. Statistical analysis was done by using Chi-test. Observation and Analysis: In study of 200 cases, mean age of group was 68 ± 9.5 years and adenocarcinoma was predominant malignancy in 72% cases, mesothelioma in 10% cases, squamous cell carcinoma in 7% cases and 9% cases were having primary tumor outside the thoracic cavity. In study cases, pleural fluid cytology was positive in 42% cases (84/200), and pleural fluid cell block was positive in 96% cases (192/200) in detecting malignant pleural effusion (P < 0.0001). Remaining six and two cases were diagnosed by using image-guided and thoracoscopy-guided pleural biopsies, respectively. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done in all pleural fluid cell block preparation for calretinin, cytokeratin, and epidermal growth factor receptor. Conclusion: Pleural fluid cell block is sensitive, superior, cost-effective, and specific diagnostic method over conventional pleural fluid cytology. “Cell block” specimens are enough for primary diagnosis and IHC analysis necessary for cell typing. It will decrease the need for more invasive and costlier diagnostic methods like thoracoscopy and image-guided pleural biopsies. We recommend cell block for every exudative pleural fluid samples with ADA <30 IU/l.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124019063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}