Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Amniotic Fluid Volume: An Important Deciding Factor for Pregnancy Continuation in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes","authors":"Shweta Ken, Ratan Gupta, K. Rani, Purnima Saxena, Sunita Yadav, Bindu Bajaj","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_4_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_4_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To find out various risk factors affecting fetomaternal outcomes in preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A prospective study after approval from the ethical committee was conducted at VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from December 2020 to May 2022 in which 100 pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membrane between 32 and 36 weeks of gestation were enrolled. Patients were followed with Total leucocyte count (TLC), urine R/M, urine C/S, high vaginal swab C/S, and C-reactive protein along with routine antenatal care investigations. Intravenous antibiotics were given to all patients for 48 h followed by oral antibiotics for 5 days. All patients were on follow-up and managed conservatively and induction of labor was done at 37 weeks or earlier in case of fetal distress and presence of signs and symptoms of chorioamnionitis. Both mother and baby were followed till 7 days after delivery.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In the present study, we observed the following risk factors that had adverse effects on fetomaternal outcomes in PPROM patients. The association of oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid index [AFI] <5) with neonatal sepsis (P = 0.025) and neonatal death (P = 0.025) was found to be significant. Vaginal infection was found to be significantly associated with birth asphyxia (P = 0.024), APGAR <7 at 1 min (P = 0.015), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (P = 0.009), and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) (P = 0.002). The association of urinary tract infection (UTI) with neonatal sepsis (P = 0.01), birth asphyxia (P = 0.005), APGAR <7 at 1 min (P = 0.001), NICU admission (P = 0.002), neonatal death (P = 0.01), and PPH (P = 0.0004) was found to be significant. We also observed that the duration from membrane rupture to delivery had no adverse effect on fetomaternal outcome, may be as we had given antibiotics to all patients from the time of admission.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The conclusion from the present study was that oligohydramnios (AFI <5) is a significant risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes in PPROM along with vaginal infections and UTIs. Hence, amniotic fluid volume should also be considered as an important deciding factor for pregnancy continuation in PPROM.\u0000","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140997240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological Pattern and Audit of Skin Tumors Seen in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, South-East Nigeria: A 10-year Retrospective Study","authors":"K. Madubuike, C. Ndukwe, M. Chiemeka, N. Ozor, C. Ogbu, I. Ezejiofor","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_41_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_41_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Skin tumors consist of neoplastic lesions that affect the integumentary system which includes skin, hair, nails, and related muscles and glands. Diagnosis of these lesions can be a dilemma for both physicians and pathologists. Tumors of the skin are more heterogeneous than those of any other organ in the body, and this is a result of varying types of cells which can give rise to both benign and malignant skin lesions.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The aim of this is to audit the histopathological patterns of skin tumors seen in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH), Nnewi, South-East Nigeria.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 All cases of skin tumors diagnosed in the center within the study period of January 2013 to December 2022 were retrieved from the archives of the Anatomic Pathology Laboratory, NAUTH. Histology slides of the cases that met the inclusion criteria were carefully reviewed. Then, tissue blocks for those diagnosed as malignant skin tumors, were sent for immunohistochemistry. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 There were a total of 206 cases that met the inclusion criteria, 103 males (50.0%) and 103 females (50.0%). The most common tumor as seen in the study is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (19%), with the least common being cylindroma, sebaceoma, and trichoepithelioma (1% each). The peak age incidence is in the third decade. The anatomic site most affected by the tumors is the head-and-neck region (78%) followed by the lower-limb region (66%) and the least affected is the anogenital region (25%). Immunohistochemistry showed a 100% correlation for the malignant skin tumors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The overall most common skin tumor is SCC followed by hemangioma, whereas trichoepithelioma, sebaceoma, and cylindroma are the least common. The most common benign tumor is hemangioma, whereas the least common benign tumors are trichoepithelioma and cylindroma. The most common and least common malignant tumors are SCC and Paget’s disease respectively. This study served to generate baseline data for the histopathologic pattern of both benign and malignant skin tumors in NAUTH, Nnewi.\u0000","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"97 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140710817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Depression and Anxiety among Patients with Hypothyroidism Attending Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Divija Challa, Surada Chandrika","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_36_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_36_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Hypothyroidism is a condition that develops due to the deficiency of circulating thyroid hormones. The correlation between psychiatric disorders and thyroid status is a major concern.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety in such patients and to determine the associated risk factors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 It was an observational and cross-sectional study conducted among 256 patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism attending the department of general medicine and endocrinology in a tertiary care hospital for 2 months. The study participants were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The permission from the institutional ethics committee was obtained and informed written consent was taken from all the study participants. The questionnaire was a standardized tool. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel worksheet 2013 and analysis was done using the SPSS software trial version 21.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Out of 256 study participants, the majority 204 (79.7%) were female. In the present study, 27.3% of study participants had mild depression, 19.10% had moderate depression, 10.5% had severe depression, and 10.5% of study participants had very severe depression. In the present study, 17.6% of study participants had a mild form of anxiety, 23% had moderate anxiety, and 7.7% had severe anxiety.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Any patient on treatment for hypothyroidism for longer clinical periods must be screened for depression and anxiety symptoms and treated accordingly.\u0000","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"124 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140708708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Arterial Lactate and Lactate Clearance in Risk Stratification of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Presenting to the Emergency Department for use at Primary Health Care Level","authors":"Binoy Xavier Kaliparambil, Jobin Jose Maprani, Sandra Paulson","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_27_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_27_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common presenting complaint in the emergency department (ED) and carries a small but significant mortality rate. In spite of the availability of various scoring systems, risk stratification for in hospital morbidity and mortality remains difficult. There is no single test that can reliably predict active bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract for use at primary health level.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To study the role of lactate clearance as a predictor of active bleeding and also to determine whether an ED arterial lactate can predict adverse outcomes like increased hospital length of stay, in hospital, 30-day and 60-day mortality.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Prospective single centre observational study at a tertiary hospital in north Kerala that included all stable adult patients who presented with the complaints of hematemesis, melena or both to the ED Arterial lactate was drawn at the bedside, a priori initial arterial lactate cut-off value of 2.2 mmol/L was selected and in patients with lactate value above the cut-off, a second lactate was measured to calculate lactate clearance.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Lactate clearance ≤13.39% was found to be associated with a high risk for active bleeding (odds ratio: 23.33; 95% CI = 4.337 to 125.512, P < 0.001). Optimal cut-off points for lactate as well as lactate clearance were derived using receiver operating characteristics curve.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Lactate clearance can reliably rule in as well as rule out active bleeding in patients who might seem hemodynamically stable at the initial presentation to the ED.\u0000","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The moral-ethical dilemma of climate crisis: Will the west own responsibility","authors":"Sunil Raina, Raman Kumar","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_28_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_28_23","url":null,"abstract":"What generally we know as natural hazards floods, droughts, and heat waves are not solely the products of nature's wrath against humans. These situations have an enormous impact on society because of inherent vulnerability. A neutral evaluation of this context is required by the people, societies, nation states and the ecosystems (physical and academic); turning a blind eye to it puts it at risk of harm to all. The shallow efforts and mere talk about helping poor nations transition to greener energy, the narrative being built around climate change, is purely an attempt to deflect from the fact that the global western powerhouses have continued to contribute the most to the climate crisis.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126779744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Askin's tumor – A dual case study of rare thoracic neoplasm","authors":"V. Vinay, Praveen Dubey, Kuljeet Singh, Jitendra Saini, S. Iyer, Alpana Srivastava","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_32_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_32_22","url":null,"abstract":"Askin's tumor is a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) that belongs to the class of small round cell malignant tumor. It has a poor survival rate as it is an aggressive tumor with high chances of recurrence. It poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the clinicians as it mimics conditions such as tuberculosis, lymphoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. With a special interest to improve the management of this condition, we report a mini-series of two cases of this rare malignancy.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128442629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatitis associated uremic encephalopathy presenting with lentiform fork sign","authors":"Rahul Nair, Chandrabhushan Sharma, Sulakshana Sekhar","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_45_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_45_22","url":null,"abstract":"Lentiform fork sign is a rare neuroradiological abnormality with bilateral basal ganglion changes. It is seen in a variety of conditions characterized by metabolic acidosis, mostly seen with uremia of diabetic end-stage renal disease. Metabolic acidosis associated with uremia of acute pancreatitis has never been reported to be associated with this sign. Features of uremic encephalopathy are reversible with hemodialysis. The onset of worsening neurological symptoms along with a lack of improvement in encephalopathy despite hemodialysis must prompt the physician to do Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Brain in search of this sign. The scope of acute pancreatitis in its causation also needs to be investigated further. We report a case of acute kidney injury in a patient with acute pancreatitis who presented with metabolic acidosis and uremic encephalopathy. After initial improvement with hemodialysis, he gradually and sequentially went on to develop quadriplegia, generalized rigidity and distal upper limb tremor and later on full recovery along with lentiform fork sign on his MRI brain.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129349673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment options used in COVID-19 Disease: Steroids, anticoagulants, remdesivir and/or antibiotics – Which worked better or combo was the right choice?","authors":"S. Patil, G. Narwade, G. Gondhali","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_25_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_25_22","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the first coronavirus-related global pandemic caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, and rapid evolution of the pandemic has resulted in fast-track developments in antivirals, medical management, and vaccination for use to prevent morbidity and mortality. As of today, different institutional treatment protocols and respective national guidelines have been evolved worldwide with team of medical experts and recommended for combinations of antiviral, antibiotics, steroids, and anticoagulants with variable outcomes. Combination therapy has documented better outcome with a significant reduction in mortality and morbidity and considered frontline protocol during this pandemic.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127796177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health-care workers in India: A qualitative phenomenological study","authors":"L. Gopichandran, Mamta Choudhary, Preethy D'Souza, Latha Venkatesan, Muthuvenkatachalam Srinivasan, D. Anupama, Nand Kumar, Sanjay Rai","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_48_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_48_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Public health emergencies are known to affect mental health and well-being at the individual (anxiety, loneliness) and societal level (income loss, reduced access to services). The socioeconomic and health-care impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic are unprecedented with worldwide economic loss, closure of business activities, travel restrictions, social distancing, quarantine and isolation, fear of shortage of basic needs, and rapid spread of mental health problems. Materials and Methods: Qualitative phenomenological research with the overall aim to explore the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers in India was undertaken in a selected tertiary care hospital, in India. Qualitative in-depth interview was conducted to elucidate the mental health issues and problems of healthcare workers as experienced by them. We used phenomenological methodology to conduct in-depth face-to-face interview to focus on individual versions of experience combined with thematic analysis techniques for analyzing and framing the research data. Thematic analysis was carried out on data collected from 29 healthcare workers from different disciplines such as doctors, nurses, laboratory technician, paramedics, and operation theatre technicians. Results: Health-care workers reported various psychosocial issues and problems that they have experienced from the onset of COVID-19. From the analysis, we have generated three overarching themes, each with five subthemes. Conclusion: The study concludes that the health-care workers exposed to pandemic situation are vulnerable for a range of mental health issues from distress to sleep disturbances, fear and anxiety to social isolation and stigma, and loss of hope to helplessness.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122411082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding contraceptive methods among reproductive age group females","authors":"Saloni Sharma, Abhay Srivastava, J. Semwal, Shaili Vyas, N. Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jascp.jascp_12_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jascp.jascp_12_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Contraceptive methods play a vital role in family planning and has been established a cornerstone in reducing maternal and infant mortality rate. Family planning is encouraged as a tool to address the reproductive health needs of men and women, as well as the pivotal problem in regard to rapid population increase. The total fertility rate in Uttarakhand is 2.1 children per woman with couple protection rate of 53%, according to National Family Health Services. Aims and Objectives: We aimed to assess the knowledge regarding contraceptives and its usage among married women of reproductive age group in urban area. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study using a quantitative survey questionnaire of duration 5 months. Women in reproductive age-group (15–45 years) were included in the study. A total of 102 study participants were enrolled. Results: Mean ± standard deviation of study participants was 29.09 ± 5.04. \"Knowledge\" questions had over 90% of correct responses. The attitude of study participants toward contraceptive usage was mostly favorable. Contraception usage practice was fairly good. Conclusion: There is a need to promote positive attitude among the general public so that they can create an environment to raise awareness among the general public regarding contraception.","PeriodicalId":272297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Clinical Practice","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114432149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}