University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial Efficacy of Indigenous and Exotic CARPS MUCUS Against Common Pathogenic Bacteri","authors":"S. Qamer, Farkhanda Asad, Rafia Jamal, Zunaira Shaheen, Aiman Nadeem, Sehar Bano, Navaira Batool, Noshaba Anwar","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6229","url":null,"abstract":"The trial was conductedto study the antibacterial efficacy of Indigenous (Cirrhinus mrigala & Labeo rohita) and Exotic Carps (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix &Cyprinus carpio) mucus against common pathogenic bacteria. All fish species of 300 to 350g were stocked and acclimatized for 15 days, weaned on commercial diet at 4% body weight. Before mucus collection fish were starved for 24 hours. Mucus secreted on epidermal surface of fish was collected in 5 attempts with time interval of 20 minutes. Bacterial strains i.e. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were taken from the department of Zoology Government College University Faisalabad research lab repository. Ciprofloxacin was used as positive control. L. rohita secreted highest amount of mucus while least amount of mucus was secreted by C. carpio. Appearance of mucus of L. rohita, H. molitrix and C. carpio were highly viscous while C. mrigala was less viscous. Antibacterial activity of fish mucus shown that indigenous carps exhibited the best antibacterial activity as compared to exotic carps. Maximum antibacterial activity was observed by L. rohita mucus among indigenous carp. It showed more effect in controlling the growth of P. aeruginosa with zone of inhibition (23mm). These results showed that carp mucus play important role in protection of fish against the invasion of pathogens. Fish skin mucus can be utilized as an alternative of antibiotics which perhaps could be employed in aquaculture and also for humans. Being a natural product, therefore, it could help in reducing the problems of antibiotic resistance ","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121955067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotopic Features Change the Size of Carabus Odoratus Shil","authors":"A. Saveliev, Tatyana Ananina, R. Sukhodolskaya","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6219","url":null,"abstract":"Body size variation attracts attention of many researchers in different fields because of its importance in organisms functioning. We sampled ground beetles of mountain species Carabus odoratus in different biotopes of Barguzinskiy Ridge (northeast part of Baikal Lake; N 54° 20’; E 109° 30’; Russia). Nine biotopes at different elevation were under the study. We measured sampled beetles for six morphometric traits (elytra, pronotum, head lengths and width). In total 984 specimens were measured individually. Length parameters varied to greater extent in C. odoratus. Elytra length and pronotum and head length as well were significantly shorter in beetles dwelling in aspen, fir, tundra, health and park birch if compared with ones in forestry habitats. Wherein width parameters were, roughly speaking, similar in beetles of all studied biotopes. Undoubtedly observed effect of biotope impact on beetles’ size variation was connected with differing environmental factors at the certain elevations. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130108600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of Biological Control in Pakistan","authors":"Mohammad Irshad","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6227","url":null,"abstract":"Biological control is not a new phenomenon in human history. It is the control of pests through living organisms. It is less destructive to the environment. It is self-perpetuating and comparatively less expensive. It needs much more expansion in Pakistan. The experience of biological control started for me in 1963 when I was a student. Afterward I explored this work in various institutions of the country where I had a chance to work. I started establishing biological control laboratories especially for mass rearing of Trichogramma. Important basic and applied work has been accomplished. Moreover, the work on biological control undertaken has been compiled and published.  ","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132049266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factor Analysis of Biometric Traits of Marecha Camel in Pakistan","authors":"DILSHAD RASHID, NISAR AHMAD, IMRAN MOHSIN, SAEED AHMAD3, UMAIR YOUNAS, MUHAMMAD SAFDAR, MUHAMMAD JUNAID, ZEESHAN MUHAMMAD IQBAL, ALI HAIDER SALEEM, ABSAR AHMAD, SHAHID NABEEL","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6226","url":null,"abstract":"Camel is a vital food and draft source for nomads and pastoralists. The present research was conducted to measure different biometric traits and find the relationship among these traits in the Marecha camel breed in Punjab, Pakistan. A total of twenty-five (25) biometric traits were measured and recorded on animals maintained at Camel breeding & Research Station, Rakh mahni, District Bhakkar, in Punjab province, Pakistan. All the measurements were statistically analyzed for mean, coefficient of variation, and correlation coefficient. The correlation matrix was extracted from PCA with this information. It was explained that Height at wither was found as the chief gauge for breed type, primarily used in EAAP and suggested procedure of FAO. Body conformation of the Marecha camel breed was expressed by seven and five extracted factors (respectively for female and male) which shared their part in variability. These factors symbolize the body of a camel. The estimated communalities showed that testicular length and diameter, size of the teat, length of head, length and width of the ear, and Height of hump are not having a significant role in the conformation of the Marecha camel breed body. While the other traits mentioned are responsible for the expression of body conformation and inset positive effect in terms of body size and dimensions. Body structure explanation can be assessed by biometry. Morphometric qualities can describe the rate of increase in various animals. The body size had been used to describe a specific breed and its origin.  ","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123173441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in Spatial Distribution of Spider Fauna Between Agricultural and Arid Land of Shujabad, Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Azam, Hassan Raza Khan, N. Sial, Nisar Ahmad, Ghulam Mustafa, Sana Kausar","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6224","url":null,"abstract":"Spiders are the little creature that have key role in ecosystem especially in terms of biodiversity controlling agent. This survey-based study was conducted on spiders to assess their diversity in two different habitat conditions of Pakistan. In this study, 29 species, 15 genera and 7 families were collected. Lycosidae family had the highest diversity 55% followed by Araneidae (29%), Gnaphosidae (3%), Salticidae (3%), Oxyopidae (0.35%), Tetragnathidae (7%) and Thomisidae (3%). The Hippasa, Pardosa, Eriovixia, Araneus, Tetragnatha, Sitticus and Gnaphosa were most dominant genus out of observed 15 genera. Furthermore, the dominant species in agricultural land includes; Pardosa sutherlandi, Araneus nympha, Eriovixia lagleizai and Tetragnatha javana. The arid land was dominated by Hippasa holmerae, Hippasa pisaurina, Pardosa leucopalpis, Thomisus dostinikus and Gnaphosa harpax. Moreover, results for Simpson and Shannon indices revealed that the maximum diversity was found in habitat C as 82% on Simpson scale and 84% on Shannon scale. The Sorenson similarity indices revealed there is no more overlap between the different habitats species diversity. The study concluded that the agricultural land having scattered plants like mangos had higher diversity of spiders.  \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121460004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of High Dose (200mg/Kg) of ZnTe (Zinc Telluride) on Serology of Male Albino Mice (Mus Musculus)","authors":"SAIRA BANO, Ahmad Ali, SHEIKH MUHAMMAD AZAM, MATEEN TAHIR, ZEENAT ZAFAR, KHUZEEMA TANVEER, MUHAMMAD FAIZAN, SHOAIB HASSAN","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5835","url":null,"abstract":"For this experiment, oral suspension of ZnTe was given to male albino mice for fifteen days. Two groups were devised as Treated and Control. Each group consisting of three treatment organisms. It is observed that the level of cholesterol, Triglycerides, and protein increased significantly (p = 0.21, 0.37, and 0.18 respectively) in treated animals as compared to control group. Moreover, the level of Albumin increased non-significantly (p = 0.75) in treated animals as compared to control group. Results of the study also showed significantly increase in level of Globulin and SGPT (ALT) (p = 0.14, and 0.026) in treated animals in contrast to control group, while significantly decrease in creatinine (p = 0.026) in treated animals as compared to control group.","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116602515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field and Laboratory Studies on the Toxicity of Lambda-Cyhalothrin for Controlling Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria)","authors":"ZAHID SALEEM, HUSSAIN ALI, MUHAMMAD NAVEED, MUHAMMAD ANWAR KHAN, MUHAMMAD YOUNUS, MUHAMMAD AFZAAL, HABIB UR REHMAN","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5840","url":null,"abstract":"Desert locust has negative impact on world vegetation, severely affected Africa and Asia in 2020-21. The pest persists in both gregarious and solitary forms. In Pakistan, the majority of the nation experienced a desert locust attack in 2020. Seven to ten districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were seriously impacted. The study was carried out to test the efficacy of different concentrations of Lambda-cyhalothrin 2.5 EC against adult and hoppers/nymph in field and laboratory conditions. The applied concentration was 4%,3%, 2%, 1% and 0.5 % for adults in field and lab conditions, while 2%, 1.5%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.25% for nymph’s trials. Under field condition against adults all the applied concentrations were at par with each other except 0.5%, which showed significantly lower mortality rate (60%). A similar trend of toxicity was also recorded for the laboratory trials. More than 85% mortality was recorded in all treatment except 0.5%, which was 65%. Against hopper all concentration showed significant higher mortality (above 80%) except the nymphs sprayed with 0.25% concentration under field conditions. Similar results were also obtained for vitro trials against nymphal stage. It is concluded an average concentration (3%) should be applied for adult to avoid resistance and pest escape. For hoppers/nymph the recommended concentration should be 1%. Further studies should be carried out regarding the resistance to different types of insecticides under field and laboratory conditions.","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133189527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Immunogenic Response of Live Vaccine of Lasota and Mukteswar Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus by Different Routes of Inoculation in Layer Chicken","authors":"ABDUL WHAB MANZOOR, Sajjad Hussain, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD WAQAR, SADIA SARFARAZ, SHERAZ SHAHID, Samiullah, AFEEFA SHAFIQ, Sajjad Ali, RAIS AHMED, HALEEMA SADIA, MAHEEN MURTAZA, TASLEEM KAUSAR","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5841","url":null,"abstract":"Newcastle disease (ND) has been one of the great challenges to Poultry in Pakistan and dealt with vaccination. Mortality and morbidity that are associated with it are economically significant. Two vaccines produced against Newcastle disease virus are Live ND-LaSota and ND Mukteswar vaccines and their immunogenic effects in backyard poultry. For that purpose, a total 130 of 6-8 weeks old layer cockerels were inoculated with both vaccines by different routes including Ocular, drinking water and Injection and serum samples were collected at 14, 21 and 35 days’ post inoculation were analyzed by Heamaglutination inhibition test for antibody titers. The best route of administration for ND-LaSota was observed by ocular drops and ND- Mukteswar through injection. So it was concluded that both the vaccines needed booster doses in 4th to 5th week of primary inoculation. ND-LaSota vaccine was found to be best for primary induction.","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129294505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Serum Markers for Early Diagnosis of HCV Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"AASMA SIDDIQUI, Sarfraz Ali Tunio, SHAISTA BANO, NAVISH LODHI","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5839","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma is a global public health problem which is intensified at developing countries due to lack of early diagnosis. Since Hepatitis C virus related morbidity accounts five million people in Pakistan, rate of morbidity and mortality of HCV related Hepatocellular carcinoma infections is high in Pakistan, and it is attributed to its diagnosis after its development. The public has the lack of awareness about the importance and benefits of liver biopsy testing; therefore, improved, and non-invasive methods of HCC diagnosis are urgently needed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the importance of serum markers in early diagnosis of HCV induced Hepatocellular carcinoma and to develop a robust set of serological markers for their early detection and diagnosis. A total of 60 HCV positive patients including Chronic Liver disease (n=20), Cirrhosis (n=20), HCC patients (n=20) and 20 healthy volunteers (n=20) were enrolled in this study after an extensive screening process. Blood samples were collected from all the subjects and processed for serum separation followed by immunological, molecular, and biochemical analysis using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay, Real-Time PCR, complete blood picture, and a range of biochemical tests. Results showed gender wise variability among the subjects from each of the study groups where in the male subjects remained dominant with male and female ratio as 61.75:38.75. The average age of male subjects was observed between 42y, 43y, 49y and 37 years in comparison of female subjects who were 46y, 53y, 50y and 47y in CLD, cirrhosis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, and control groups, respectively. The data has also demonstrated that Hepatocellular carcinoma patients having Alpha Fetoprotein level >1000 showed the increased level of ALP and GGT with decreased HB and HCT. However, the Hepatocellular carcinoma patients having AFP level in the range of 100-500 had total bilirubin level > 3.0, while those having AFP level <100 has all serological markers in normal range. In addition, the patients of HCC showed increased PT with decreased albumin level. The increases level of albumin level (>3-<4.0) was observed from the serum samples of cirrhosis and Chronic liver disease patients. The increase in albumin up to 4.0 accompanied with the increased level of ALP and PT while decreased HB. In conclusion, different biochemical parameters may be used to distinguish the patients having Hepatocellular carcinoma from those suffering from cirrhosis and chronic liver disease induced by HCV infection. The findings of present study may help to enhance the outcome for patients with HCC by enabling the diagnosis to be made at an earlier stage of the disease.","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131236704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some Records of Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from District Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan","authors":"FARZANA AFSAR, MUHAMMAD RAFIQUE KHAN, ZAHID MAHMOOD SARWAR, AHMAD ZIA, QUDRAT ULLAH, Muhammad Qasim, Nazeer Ahmed, SUMARA ASLAM, MUHAMMAD ATHER RAFI, MUHAMMAD KAMAL SHEIKH, ADNAN SAMEI","doi":"10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5837","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study 12 species belonging to 10 genera of three subfamilies namely; Formicinae, Myrmicinae and Ponerinae under family Formicidae are reported from district Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Among the recorded species, six species belonging to Formicinae, four in Myrmicinae, and two species in Ponerinae. All the 12 species are reported first time for district Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. however, only one species namely, Odontoponera transversa (Smith, 1857) of subfamily Ponerinae is new record from Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":265691,"journal":{"name":"University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS)","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127352978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}