Celina Imholze, Katharina Hutterer, Dominik Gall, U. Dannlowski, K. Domschke, E. Leehr, T. Lonsdorf, U. Lueken, A. Reif, Karoline Rosenkranz, M. Schiele, P. Zwanzger, P. Pauli, M. Gamer
{"title":"Prediction of Changes in Negative Affect During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Experimental Fear Conditioning and Generalization Measures","authors":"Celina Imholze, Katharina Hutterer, Dominik Gall, U. Dannlowski, K. Domschke, E. Leehr, T. Lonsdorf, U. Lueken, A. Reif, Karoline Rosenkranz, M. Schiele, P. Zwanzger, P. Pauli, M. Gamer","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000523","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Adverse experiences interact with individual vulnerability in the etiology of mental disorders, but due to the paucity of longitudinal studies, their precise interplay remains unclear. Here, we investigated how individual differences in threat responsiveness modulated adjustments in negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants ( N = 441) underwent a fear conditioning and generalization experiment between 2013 and 2020 and were reassessed regarding anxiety and depression symptoms after the pandemic outbreak. Participants showed increased levels of negative affect following pandemic onset, which were partly modulated by laboratory measures of threat responsiveness. Decreased differentiation of threat and safety signals in participants with higher prepandemic depression and anxiety scores in the laboratory assessment were most predictive of increased symptom levels after the onset of the pandemic. However, effects were small and should be replicated in independent samples to further characterize how individual differences in threat processing interact with adverse experiences in the development of psychopathology.","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114201755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne Eppinger Ruiz de Zarate, A. Thiel, G. Sudeck, Katja Dierkes, Jannika M. John, A. Niess, C. Gawrilow
{"title":"Well-Being of Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Anne Eppinger Ruiz de Zarate, A. Thiel, G. Sudeck, Katja Dierkes, Jannika M. John, A. Niess, C. Gawrilow","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000518","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, implemented social distancing measures led to behavioral changes and decreased well-being in adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between daily behaviors (physical and sport activity, social contacts, screen time) and adolescent well-being. For this, we conducted a 28-day ambulatory assessment study. Daily data of 125 German adolescents (11–20 years) were collected every evening through self-report and analyzed with multilevel models. Between and within individuals, physical activity was positively related to well-being and screen time was negatively related to well-being. Social contacts were positively related to well-being within individuals. Explorative analyses revealed differences between sport activity contexts (sports club, leisure time, school), and between in-person and digital social contacts. Our findings suggest that physical activity and in-person social contacts are positively related to adolescent well-being and should, thus, be enabled during the pandemic. Furthermore, the role of screen time should be considered in health promotion.","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116425376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling With Fallible Measurements","authors":"Timo Gnambs, Marie-Ann Sengewald","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000511","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) combines the strengths of meta-analysis with the flexibility of path models to address multivariate research questions using summary statistics. Because many research questions refer to latent constructs, measurement error can distort effect estimates in MASEMs if the unreliability of study variables is not properly acknowledged. Therefore, a comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation evaluated the impact of measurement error on MASEM results for different mediation models. These analyses showed that point estimates in MASEM were distorted by up to a third of the true effect, while confidence intervals exhibited undercoverage that were less than 10% in some situations. However, the use of adjustments for attenuation facilitated recovering largely undistorted point and interval estimates in MASEMs. These findings emphasize that MASEMs with fallible measurements can often yield highly distorted results. We encourage applied researchers to regularly adopt adjustment methods that account for attenuation in MASEMs.","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128585609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Clinical Meditation Programs on Stress and Well-Being","authors":"Julia Seekircher, Tanja Burgard, M. Bošnjak","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000510","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Many people suffer from chronic conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, or depression. The use and development of meditation interventions to offer complementary psychological treatment for such patients is increasing, as is criticism of research on this topic. Therefore, the aim of the present rapid review and meta-analysis is to investigate the effects of meditation interventions in randomized controlled trials of clinical populations on perceived stress and well-being. A search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycInfo, CINAHL, PsycArticles, and PSYNDEX between July 2013 and April 13, 2021. Three-level random effect models were estimated. Based on 316 effect sizes, small effects of meditation interventions were found (stress: g = 0.18; well-being: g = 0.25) largely paralleling findings of a previous meta-analysis. An important limitation is the potentially high risk of bias for individual studies. Overall, meditation interventions appear to be beneficial for complementary treatment of chronic clinical conditions.","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125487294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Same Question, Different Answers?","authors":"Felix Speckmann, Tobias Wingen","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000515","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Psychological scientists increasingly study web data, such as user ratings or social media postings. However, whether research relying on such web data leads to the same conclusions as research based on traditional data is largely unknown. To test this, we (re)analyzed three data sets, thereby comparing web data with laboratory and online survey data. We calculated correlations across these different data sets (Study 1) and investigated identical, illustrative research questions in each data set (Studies 2–4). Our results suggest that web and traditional data are not fundamentally different and usually lead to similar conclusions, but also that it is important to consider differences between data types such as populations and research settings. Web data can be a valuable tool for psychologists when accounting for such differences, as it allows for testing established research findings in new contexts, complementing them with insights from novel data sources.","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121539549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christoph Kiefer, Anna M. Claus, Alexander J. Jung, B. Wiese, Axel Mayer
{"title":"Discovering Exceptional Development of Commitment in Interdisciplinary Study Programs","authors":"Christoph Kiefer, Anna M. Claus, Alexander J. Jung, B. Wiese, Axel Mayer","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000512","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In psychology and the social sciences, it is often of interest how complex structural relations among variables are moderated by profiles or combinations of persons’ attributes. Some state-of-the-art methods, such as latent class analysis, are well-suited for this purpose. However, they can lead to methodological problems (e.g., convergence issues) or interpretative difficulties (e.g., due to nondistinctive profiles). For these cases, two other approaches combining structural equation modeling with machine learning have been proposed, namely structural equation model (SEM) trees and SubgroupSEM. These approaches allow for exploration of how parameters of a SEM differ depending on combinations of a person's attributes. This can be useful for generating hypotheses for future research. In this paper, we provide an empirical illustration of SubgroupSEM using an example from research on the development of commitment in interdisciplinary study programs in German higher education and identify combinations of vocational interests related to exceptional development.","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129929111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reducing Literature Screening Workload With Machine Learning","authors":"Tanja Burgard, André Bittermann","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000509","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In our era of accelerated accumulation of knowledge, the manual screening of literature for eligibility is increasingly becoming too labor-intensive for summarizing the current state of knowledge in a timely manner. Recent advances in machine learning and natural language processing promise to reduce the screening workload by automatically detecting unseen references with a high probability of inclusion. As a variety of tools have been developed, the current review provides an overview of their characteristics and performance. A systematic search in various databases yielded 488 eligible reports, revealing 15 tools for screening automation that differed in methodology, features, and accessibility. For the review on the performance of screening tools, 21 studies could be included. In comparison to sampling records randomly, active screening with prioritization approximately halves the screening workload. However, a comparison of tools under equal or at least similar conditions is needed to derive clear recommendations.","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124803588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hotspots in Psychology – 2023 Edition","authors":"Tanja Burgard, Nadine Wedderhoff, M. Bošnjak","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000508","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"293 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130984790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Text Mining in Psychology”","authors":"André Bittermann, A. Fischer","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000514","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124632696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. V. van Assen, O. R. van den Akker, Hilde E. M. Augusteijn, Marjan Bakker, Michèle B. Nuijten, Anton Olsson-Collentine, Andrea H. Stoevenbelt, J. Wicherts, Robbie C. M. van Aert
{"title":"The Meta-Plot","authors":"M. V. van Assen, O. R. van den Akker, Hilde E. M. Augusteijn, Marjan Bakker, Michèle B. Nuijten, Anton Olsson-Collentine, Andrea H. Stoevenbelt, J. Wicherts, Robbie C. M. van Aert","doi":"10.1027/2151-2604/a000513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000513","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The meta-plot is a descriptive visual tool for meta-analysis that provides information on the primary studies in the meta-analysis and the results of the meta-analysis. More precisely, the meta-plot portrays (1) the precision and statistical power of the primary studies in the meta-analysis, (2) the estimate and confidence interval of a random-effects meta-analysis, (3) the results of a cumulative random-effects meta-analysis yielding a robustness check of the meta-analytic effect size with respect to primary studies’ precision, and (4) evidence of publication bias. After explaining the underlying logic and theory, the meta-plot is applied to two cherry-picked meta-analyses that appear to be biased and to 10 randomly selected meta-analyses from the psychological literature. We recommend accompanying any meta-analysis of common effect size measures with the meta-plot.","PeriodicalId":263823,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Psychologie","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126609347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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