Heritage at RiskPub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.11588/HR.2006.0.23314
M. Bernier
{"title":"To Dig or not to Dig? The Example of the Shipwreck of the Elizabeth and Mary","authors":"M. Bernier","doi":"10.11588/HR.2006.0.23314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/HR.2006.0.23314","url":null,"abstract":"Each day cultural heritage managers face a range of issues requiring them to make complex, even difficult decisions. These problems often relate to the delicate balance between, on the one hand, the interests of various groups whose activities either focus on cultural remains or are carried out in the immediate environment of these remains, and on the other hand, the responsibility to provide heritage protection. On other occasions, the potential impact results from the natural features requiring action where the schedule and time frame are beyond the manager’s control. Needless to say, underwater heritage is not immune to these realities, and it actually presents unique problems because the remains are immersed. This can be a heavy responsibility for underwater heritage managers if they do not have guidelines to provide clear direction and ensure consistency and continuity of action. These guidelines can be policies, directives, or even legislation. No matter what form they take, they must be clear enough so that the action to be taken is not left to drift because of individual interpretation, and flexible enough so that the manager is not put in an administrative straightjacket that limits effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":261832,"journal":{"name":"Heritage at Risk","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124267312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage at RiskPub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.11588/HR.2006.0.23298
P. Erreguerena
{"title":"The Sound of Campeche: A Place Full of History","authors":"P. Erreguerena","doi":"10.11588/HR.2006.0.23298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/HR.2006.0.23298","url":null,"abstract":"During the 16th-, 17thand 18th-centuries, the port of San Francisco de Campeche was a constant target of pirates, corsairs and buccaneers. Legendary characters such as Francis Drake, Lorencillo, Grammont or even Mary Read, one of the few women who practiced piracy, were responsible for the sinking of several ships in the area known as the Sound of Campeche, in the Gulf of Mexico. In addition, there were storms, reefs and hurricanes that contributed as well to the wreck of many European ships. Thus, the Sound of Campeche became an important cemetery of vessels, many of which have survived along the centuries.","PeriodicalId":261832,"journal":{"name":"Heritage at Risk","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122709142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage at RiskPub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.11588/HR.2006.0.23301
Javier Cano
{"title":"The Long Struggle between Santa Fé and the San Javier River","authors":"Javier Cano","doi":"10.11588/HR.2006.0.23301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/HR.2006.0.23301","url":null,"abstract":"The site known as “Santa Fe La Vieja” is situated in the central region of the present Province of Santa Fe (see maps.) The surrounding landscape basically consists of flat lowlands with some very subtle undulations, a formation known as albardones (terraces) when located next to rivers. The existence of this geomorphology gave rise to the location of the settlement, as it allowed the city to be built next to the river. Access to the San Javier River, the only available communication channel, made survival, in its most absolute and integral sense, possible for the population. The river facilitated travel, commerce, food supply, and constituted a means of defence. The settlement’s position on the terraces also offered protection from the river’s flood cycles. Depending on seasonal rain conditions, Santa Fe was frequently totally surrounded by water, resulting from the raised river level. Whilst the settlement itself was safe from flooding, it became temporarily isolated from the surrounding lower countryside.","PeriodicalId":261832,"journal":{"name":"Heritage at Risk","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123334441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage at RiskPub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.11588/HR.2006.0.23278
Icomos Hrsg.
{"title":"The International Council on Monuments and Sites / Le Conseil International des Monuments et des Sites / El Consejo Internacional de Monumentos y Sitios","authors":"Icomos Hrsg.","doi":"10.11588/HR.2006.0.23278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/HR.2006.0.23278","url":null,"abstract":"ICOMOS is an association of cultural heritage professionals throughout the world, working for the conservation and protection of monuments and sites – the only global nongovernmental organisation of its kind. It benefits from the cross-disciplinary exchange of its members – architects, archaeologists, art historians, engineers, historians, planners — who foster improved heritage conservation standards and techniques for all forms of cultural properties: buildings, historic towns, cultural landscapes, archaeological sites, etc.","PeriodicalId":261832,"journal":{"name":"Heritage at Risk","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127869529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage at RiskPub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.11588/HR.2006.0.23291
D. Scott-Ireton
{"title":"Florida’s Underwater Archaeological Preserves: Preservation through Education","authors":"D. Scott-Ireton","doi":"10.11588/HR.2006.0.23291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/HR.2006.0.23291","url":null,"abstract":"With the longest coastline in the continental United States, as well as hundreds of miles of inland waterways, Florida’s history is tied to a maritime context. The remains of ships and boats, as well as prehistoric watercraft, are preserved in the state’s waters. Although all historical and archaeological sites on state-owned or controlled lands in Florida, including submerged sites, are protected by law, shipwrecks remain vulnerable to looting, vandalism, and uninformed souvenir collecting by sport divers.","PeriodicalId":261832,"journal":{"name":"Heritage at Risk","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124186620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage at RiskPub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.11588/HR.2006.0.23299
J. Hall
{"title":"The Monte Cristi “Pipe Wreck”","authors":"J. Hall","doi":"10.11588/HR.2006.0.23299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/HR.2006.0.23299","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":261832,"journal":{"name":"Heritage at Risk","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131898029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage at RiskPub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.11588/HR.2006.0.23312
M. Manders
{"title":"The In Situ Protection of a Dutch Colonial Vessel in Sri Lankan Waters","authors":"M. Manders","doi":"10.11588/HR.2006.0.23312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/HR.2006.0.23312","url":null,"abstract":"By observing the remains of the ship, this is what probably happened: the stern of the Avondster hit the sandy seabed and ran ashore on a gradually sloping sandy coast near the Dutch Fort of Galle. Due to the constant pressure of the waves, the sternpost broke off from the rest of the ship. The waves were also responsible for the breaking of the portside under the bilge and the starboard side just above the first deck. Fine fluvial sediment of the river that deposited its water and waste into the bay and coarser marine sand covered the entire wreck. It must have been covered with fine sand and silt very soon after wrecking, which left it in an anaerobic condition for many centuries. In comparison to most other wrecks in tropical waters, the conservation conditions were extremely good for a long time, protecting a large part of the Avondster’s wooden structure (Figure 2).","PeriodicalId":261832,"journal":{"name":"Heritage at Risk","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125476524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage at RiskPub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.11588/HR.2006.0.23332
Icomos Hrsg.
{"title":"UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage","authors":"Icomos Hrsg.","doi":"10.11588/HR.2006.0.23332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/HR.2006.0.23332","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":261832,"journal":{"name":"Heritage at Risk","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126737321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage at RiskPub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.11588/HR.2006.0.23313
A. Viduka
{"title":"Managing Threats to Underwater Cultural Heritage Sites: The Yongala as a Case Study","authors":"A. Viduka","doi":"10.11588/HR.2006.0.23313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/HR.2006.0.23313","url":null,"abstract":"SS Yongala (1911) was a luxury passenger steamer which foundered and sank during a cyclonic event approximately 12 nautical miles from Cape Bowling Green and 45 nautical miles south of Townsville, Queensland, Australia, in what is now a part of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. The Yongala was an early 20th-century interstate coastal steamer which supplies a snapshot of Edwardian life in Australia. The wreck lies structurally intact and is host to an amazing diversity of marine life. The wreck has been listed as a gravesite and a significant historic, archaeological, social, scientific and interpretive site. The degree of significance as determined by the Guidelines for the Management of Australia’s Historic Shipwrecks is assessed as being both “rare and representative.” The shipwreck is also one of Australia’s most popular wreck diving experiences.","PeriodicalId":261832,"journal":{"name":"Heritage at Risk","volume":"32 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114125820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}